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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 307 records · Page 17
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1977

Environmental protection agency aircraft emissions standards

Emissions of air pollutants from aircraft were investigated in order to determine: (1) the extent to which such emissions affect air quality in air quality control regions throughout the United States; and (2) the technological feasibility of controlling such emissions. The basic information supporting the need for aircraft emissions standards is summarized. The EPA ambient air quality standards are presented. Only the primary (health related) standards are shown. Of the six pollutants, only the first three, carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and nitrogen oxides, are influenced significantly by aircraft.

Kittredge, G. D.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Surface brightness, standard candles and q/0/

The most direct way to determine the deceleration parameter, q(0), of the universe is through the study of the redshift-magnitude relation of extragalactic sources. Progress has been slow because the necessary sources for this study must be standard candles, which have identical absolute total luminosity (balometric or monochromatic). The present paper shows, first of all, that, although necessary, this is not a sufficient condition for nonpoint-like (or resolved) sources. A modification of the redshift-magnitude relation is then described for a certain class of nonstandard candles using measurements of isophotal surface brightness. It is noted that such measurements can be used to standardize the central surface brightness of galaxies, but the standardization of the scale parameter remains beyond observations.

Petrosian, V.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Proposed Josephson voltage standard

Relatively-simple microwave integrated circuit comprising two resonators linked by Josephson junction could be set up to generate standard Josephson volt in any industrial laboratory. Standard cells and electronic equipment could be readily compared and calibrated to this standard.

Chang, C. C.↗
NASA NTRS1978

The NASA Standard Telemetry and Command Components /STACC/

The Standard Telemetry and Command Components (STACC) were conceived by NASA for use on the Multimission Modular Spacecraft. The components have wider application, however, and already are being considered for many other spacecraft. A programmable Central Unit controls Remote Interface Units via a full duplex data bus, providing data acquisition and command distribution capability throughout the spacecraft. The Central Unit can meet any uplink, time code, and format requirements without hardware changes. Each remote unit can acquire any type of data (serial digital, bi-level, analog, or passive analog) on any channel. A third type of unit is an optional interface providing I/O capability to an on-board computer. The protocols used on the 1Mbps data bus are compatible with MSFC's 'Standard Interfaces for Digital Data, Multiplex Serial Data Acquisition and Distribution Systems (SIDD/MSDADS Standard)'. The bus design saves significant harness weight and simplifies the single point ground and isolation approaches.

Elliott, N. P.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Packet telemetry - A possible standard protocol for spacecraft data handling

Packetized telemetry-handling offers an opportunity to standardize major portions of the spacecraft-to-ground interface for future NASA missions. An end-to-end packet transport protocol is proposed which enables delivery of telemetry data from a remote space sensor to a ground-based user with virtually no project-unique intermediate processing. This paper reviews the possibility of creating a single telemetry format standard for both deep-space and near-earth missions. The proposed standard addresses the greatest NASA problem of the coming decade - cost - by allowing telemetry streams from many inflight spacecraft to be handled on the ground by common, simple, multimission processing elements.

Greenberg, E.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Comparison tests and experimental compliance calibration of the proposed standard round compact plane strain fracture toughness specimen

Standard round specimen fracture test results compared satisfactorily with results from standard rectangular compact specimens machined from the same material. The location of the loading pin holes was found to provide adequate strength in the load bearing region for plane strain fracture toughness testing. Excellent agreement was found between the stress intensity coefficient values obtained from compliance measurements and the analytic solution proposed for inclusion in the standard test method. Load displacement measurements were made using long armed displacement gages and hollow loading cylinders. Gage points registered on the loading hole surfaces through small holes in the walls of the loading cylinders.

Fisher, D. M.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Scalable standard optical sources in the VUV: Emissions from electron impact on metals

The use of electron impact on metals in the development of a compact optical standard lamp in the vacuum ultraviolet is described. Two different mechanisms are exploited, transition radiation and bremsstrahlung. Transition radiation will be used as a primary standard from 1200A to 3000A using 10 keV electron impact on tungsten. Bremsstrahlung will be used in the soft X-ray region below 1200A to less than 5A as an optical transfer standard from 4 keV electron impact on tantalum or tungsten.

Hughes, R.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Frequency standard test facility data acquisition and processing system

The interim frequency standards test facility tests all frequency standards used in the DSN. It is also the central testing facility for testing all ultrastable hydrogen maser frequency standards. This proposed data acquisition/processing system was designed to support the IFSTF by acquiring and processing the large amounts of data generated there.

Knapp, L. J.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Innovation and reliability of atomic standards for PTTI applications

Innovation and reliability in hyperfine frequency standards and clock systems are discussed. Hyperfine standards are defined as those precision frequency sources and clocks which use a hyperfine atomic transition for frequency control and which have realized significant commercial production and acceptance (cesium, hydrogen, and rubidium atoms). References to other systems such as thallium and ammonia are excluded since these atomic standards have not been commercially exploited in this country.

Kern, R.↗
NASA NTRS1980

A proposed standard round compact specimen for plane strain fracture toughness testing

A round, disk-shaped specimen is proposed as a standard test specimen for addition to ASTM Test for Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness of Metallic Materials (E 399-78A). The specimen is diametrically cracked, and loaded in the same way as the existing standard compact specimen. Tests and analyses were performed to verify that the proposed round compact specimen and associated stress intensity factor K solution are appropriate for a standard plane strain fracture toughness test. The use of the round compact specimen for other fracture tests is described.

Underwood, J. H.↗
NASA NTRS1981

OSTA/ADS standards development process

A phased approach to data systems standards was developed. The standards survey, user requirements, methodology survey, and evaluation criteria were completed. Remaining to be done are data system planning interim standards, a concept for implementation of a core applications data service, a data systems policy definition, and full capability data services definition.

Walton, B.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Panel D report: Standards needed to interconnect ADS pilots for data sharing in data formats and descriptions

Data exchange specifications and standards needed to facilitate the interchange of information between three pilot modes in an Applications Data Service program are addressed. In designing standards, the following considerations were considered important: (1) accessible, understandable Data Base Management Systems (DBMS) catalogs, (2) formatting conventions, (3) archival data records and data descriptions formats, (4) standardized terminology, and (5) optimization of data formats by individual DBMS.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1982

Infrared standard stars

The results of an observational program aimed at setting up a network of faint near-infrared standards of sufficient accuracy are reported. The network covers both northern and southern hemispheres and includes standards red enough to provide at least a limited check on color transformations. The standards are set up at J (1.2 micron), H (1.6 micron), K (2.2 microns), and L (3.5 microns), and their H2O and CO molecular absorption indices are determined. The problem of color transformations between observatories is discussed briefly. All magnitudes presented are transformed to the natural system defined by the CIT observations.

Elias, J. H.↗
NASA NTRS1979

LGSOWG CCT format CCB document: The standard CCT family of tape formats

The tape format standardization approach recommended by the committee on CCT standardization is described and defined. All rules and conventions required to employ the superstructure approach to the CCT family of tape formats are presented for users of remote sensing data and producer of user tapes and the superstructure records are specified. The standard for future tape format design is presented as a guide to designing data records of a particular tape format. An example is provided showing how to incorporate the superstructure into an already established tape format.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1983

A standard description and costing methodology for the balance-of-plant items of a solar thermal electric power plant. Report of a multi-institutional working group

Standard descriptions for solar thermal power plants are established and uniform costing methodologies for nondevelopmental balance of plant (BOP) items are developed. The descriptions and methodologies developed are applicable to the major systems. These systems include the central receiver, parabolic dish, parabolic trough, hemispherical bowl, and solar pond. The standard plant is defined in terms of four categories comprising (1) solar energy collection, (2) power conversion, (3) energy storage, and (4) balance of plant. Each of these categories is described in terms of the type and function of components and/or subsystems within the category. A detailed description is given for the BOP category. BOP contains a number of nondevelopmental items that are common to all solar thermal systems. A standard methodology for determining the costs of these nondevelopmental BOP items is given. The methodology is presented in the form of cost equations involving cost factors such as unit costs. A set of baseline values for the normalized cost factors is also given.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1983

Radiation hardness of Efratom M-100 rubidium frequency standard

The effects of nuclear radiation on rubidium gas cell frequency standards and components are presented, including the results of recent tests where a continuously operating rubidium frequency standard (Effratom, Model M-100) was subjected to simultaneous neutron/gamma radiation. At the highest neutron fluence 7.5 10 to the 12th power n/sq cm and total dose 11 krad(Si) tested, the unit operated satisfactorily; the total frequency change over the 2 1/2 hour test period due to all causes, including repeated retraction from and insertion into the reactor, was less than 1 x 10 to the -10th power. The effects of combined neutron/gamma radiation on rubidium frequency standard physics package components were also studied, and the results are presented.

English, T. C.↗
NASA NTRS1984

Group-type hydrocarbon standards for high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of middistillate fuels

A new high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for group-type analysis of middistillate fuels is described. It uses a refractive index detector and standards that are prepared by reacting a portion of the fuel sample with sulfuric acid. A complete analysis of a middistillate fuel for saturates and aromatics (including the preparation of the standard) requires about 15 min if standards for several fuels are prepared simultaneously. From model fuel studies, the method was found to be accurate to within 0.4 vol% saturates or aromatics, and provides a precision of + or - 0.4 vol%. Olefin determinations require an additional 15 min of analysis time. However, this determination is needed only for those fuels displaying a significant olefin response at 200 nm (obtained routinely during the saturated/aromatics analysis procedure). The olefin determination uses the responses of the olefins and the corresponding saturates, as well as the average value of their refractive index sensitivity ratios (1.1). Studied indicated that, although the relative error in the olefins result could reach 10 percent by using this average sensitivity ratio, it was 5 percent for the fuels used in this study. Olefin concentrations as low as 0.1 vol% have been determined using this method.

Otterson, D. A.↗
NASA NTRS1984

TDA Assessment of Recommendations for Space Data System Standards

NASA is participating in the development of international standards for space data systems. Recommendations for standards thus far developed are assessed. The proposed standards for telemetry coding and packet telemetry provide worthwhile benefit to the DSN; their cost impact to the DSN should be small. Because of their advantage to the NASA space exploration program, their adoption should be supported by TDA, JPL, and OSTDS.

Posner, E. C.↗