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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 307 records · Page 17
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1972

Longitudinal aerodynamic characteristics of a large scale model with a swept wing and augmented jet flap in ground effect

The investigation of the in-ground-effect, longitudinal aerodynamic characteristics of a large scale swept augmentor wing model is presented, using 40 x 80 ft wind tunnel. The investigation was conducted at three ground heights; h/c equals 2.01, 1.61, and 1.34. The induced effect of underwing nacelles, was studied with two powered nacelle configurations. One configuration used four JT-15D turbofans while the other used two J-85 turbojet engines. Two conical nozzles on each J-85 were used to deflect the thrust at angles from 0 to 120 deg. Tests were also performed without nacelles to allow comparison with previous data from ground effect.

Falarski, M. D.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Subsonic characteristics of a twin-jet swept-wing fighter model with maneuvering devices

An investigation has been conducted at Mach numbers ranging from 0.06 to 0.94 to determine the effects of various combinations of leading-edge slat devices on the static aerodynamic characteristics of a twin-jet swept-wing fighter model. The study also included a determination of the effects of wing leading-edge droop, trailing-edge chord-extensions, wing fences, and wing-planform and camber modifications. The angle-of-attack range generally extended from about minus 2 deg to 24 deg and the sideslip angles ranged from about minus 6 deg to 13 deg.

Ray, E. J.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Steady, subsonic, lifting surface theory for wings with swept, partial span, trailing edge control surfaces

A method for computing the lifting pressure distribution on a wing with partial span, swept control surfaces is presented. This method is valid within the framework of linearized, steady, potential flow theory and consists of using conventional lifting surface theory in conjuction with a flap pressure mode. The cause of a numerical instability that can occur during the quadrature of the flap pressure mode is discussed, and an efficient technique to eliminate the instability is derived. This technique is valid for both the flap pressure mode and regular pressure modes and could be used to improve existing lifting surface methods. Examples of the use of the flap pressure mode and comparisons among this method, other theoretical methods, and experiments are given. Discrepancies with experiment are indicated and candidate causes are presented. It is concluded that the method can lead to an efficient and accurate solution of the mathematical problem when a partial span, trailing edge flap is involved.

Medan, R. T.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Space shuttle: Pressure investigation of a space shuttle launch configuration consisting of a delta-wing orbiter and a swept-wing booster with canard and tip fans (M equals 0.6 to 1.3). Volume 1, part A: Booster data

Wind tunnel tests to determine the pressure distribution on a space shuttle launch configuration consisting of a delta wing orbiter and a swept wing booster with canard and tip fins were conducted. Pressure data were obtained for the combined orbiter and booster and for the booster alone at Mach numbers from 0.6 to 1.3, angles of attack from minus 8 degrees to plus 10 degrees, and sideslip angles from minus 6 degrees to plus 6 degrees. Pressure data were also obtained for the booster alone without canard at Mach numbers of 0.9 and 1.1. The pressure taps were distributed primarily over the booster upper surface and the orbiter lower surface.

Rampy, J. M.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Wind tunnel investigation of a large-scale 25 deg swept-wing jet transport model with an external blowing triple-slotted flap

An investigation has been conducted to determine the aerodynamic characteristics of a large-scale subsonic jet transport model with an externally blown triple-slotted flap. The lift of the model was augmented by the turbofan engine exhaust impingement on the flap surface. The model had a 25 deg swept wing of aspect ratio 7.28 and four turbofan engines. The model was tested with two flap extents. One extended from 0.11 to 1.00 of the wing semispan, and the other extended from 0.11 to 0.75 of the wing semispan with a single-slotted aileron from 0.75 to 1.00 of the wing semispan. The results were obtained for several flap deflections with and without the horizontal tail at gross thrust coefficients from 0 to 4.0. Longitudinal and lateral data are presented with three and four engines operating.

Aoyagi, K.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Effect of trailing-edge flap deflection on the lateral and longitudinal-stability characteristics of a supersonic transport model having a highly-swept arrow wing

A low-speed investigation has been made on a highly-swept wing model having a thickened leading edge to determine the effect of inboard trailing-edge flaps on the characteristics of the model in pitch and sideslip. The tests were made at a Mach number of 0.227 which corresponds to a Reynolds number of about 5.53 million based on the reference chord. The results showed that deflection of the trailing-edge flaps decreased the roll due to sideslip by about 20 percent at a landing lift coefficient of 0.5. The directional-stability parameter, was increased by deflection of the flaps and the range of lift coefficients over which it was positive was also increased. The longitudinal stability characteristics of the model without leading-edge devices were improved by increased flap deflection, that is, the pitch-up tendency was delayed to higher lift coefficients. The lift coefficient increment resulting from the 15 deg flap deflection compared favorably with that predicted.

Lockwood, V. E.↗
NASA NTRS1974

The passage of an infinite swept airfoil through an oblique gust

An approximate solution is reported for the unsteady aerodynamic response of an infinite swept wing encountering a vertical oblique gust in a compressible stream. The approximate expressions are of closed form and do not require excessive computer storage or computation time, and further, they are in good agreement with the results of exact theory. This analysis is used to predict the unsteady aerodynamic response of a helicopter rotor blade encountering the trailing vortex from a previous blade. Significant effects of three dimensionality and compressibility are evident in the results obtained. In addition, an approximate solution for the unsteady aerodynamic forces associated with the pitching or plunging motion of a two dimensional airfoil in a subsonic stream is presented. The mathematical form of this solution approaches the incompressible solution as the Mach number vanishes, the linear transonic solution as the Mach number approaches one, and the solution predicted by piston theory as the reduced frequency becomes large.

Adamczyk, J. L.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Pressure measurements on the leading edge of a swept wing at Mach 2.2

Detailed pressure measurements were made on a flat semispan swept wing with a rounded leading edge at Mach number 2.2 through a range of Reynolds numbers. Pressure orifices were distributed in the streamwise direction at five spanwise stations on the leading edge and on the upper and lower surfaces. No significant amount of leading-edge suction was found, but the pressures and integrated normal forces on the upper and lower surfaces indicate the presence of a vortex lift.

Sorrells, R. B., III↗
NASA NTRS1974

Effect of spanwise blowing on leading-edge vortex bursting of a highly swept aspect ratio 1.18 delta wing

An investigation was conducted in the Langley 1/8-scale V/STOL model tunnel on a semispan delta wing with a leading-edge sweep of 74 deg, to determine the effectiveness of various locations of upper surface and reflection plane blowing on leading-edge vortex bursting. Constant area nozzles were located on the wing upper surface along a ray swept 79 deg, which was beneath the leading-edge vortex core. The bursting and reformation of the leading-edge vortex was viewed by injecting helium into the vortex core, and employing a schlieren system.

Scantling, W. L.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Low-speed aerodynamic characteristics of a hypersonic research airplane concept having a 70 deg swept delta wing

An experimental investigation of the low-speed static longitudinal, lateral and directional stability characteristics of a hypersonic research airplane concept having a 70 deg swept delta wing was conducted in a low-speed tunnel with a 12-foot (3.66 meter) octagonal test section. Aircraft component variations included: (1) fuselage shape modifications, (2) tip fins, (3) center vertical fin, (4) wing camber, and (5) wing planform. This investigation was conducted at a dynamic pressure of 262.4 Pa (5.48 psf), a Mach number of 0.06, and a Reynolds number of 2.24 million, based on body length. Tests were conducted through an angle-of-attack range of 0 deg to 30 deg with elevon deflections from +5.0 deg to minus 30.0 deg. The complete configuration exhibited positive static longitudinal, lateral and directional stability up to angles of attack of at least 20 deg and was trimmable to lift coefficients of at least 0.70 with elevon deflections of minus 30 deg.

Creel, T. R., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Flutter analysis of swept-wing subsonic aircraft with parameter studies of composite wings

A computer program is presented for the flutter analysis, including the effects of rigid-body roll, pitch, and plunge of swept-wing subsonic aircraft with a flexible fuselage and engines mounted on flexible pylons. The program utilizes a direct flutter solution in which the flutter determinant is derived by using finite differences, and the root locus branches of the determinant are searched for the lowest flutter speed. In addition, a preprocessing subroutine is included which evaluates the variable bending and twisting stiffness properties of the wing by using a laminated, balanced ply, filamentary composite plate theory. The program has been substantiated by comparisons with existing flutter solutions. The program has been applied to parameter studies which examine the effect of filament orientation upon the flutter behavior of wings belonging to the following three classes: wings having different angles of sweep, wings having different mass ratios, and wings having variable skin thicknesses. These studies demonstrated that the program can perform a complete parameter study in one computer run. The program is designed to detect abrupt changes in the lowest flutter speed and mode shape as the parameters are varied.

Housner, J. M.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Attachment-line flow on an infinite swept wing

A proposed method for calculating three-dimensional incompressible laminar and turbulent boundary layers is investigated with respect to its applicability to incompressible attachment line flow on an infinite swept wing. The calculation results obtained exhibit satisfactory agreement with experimental data.

Cebeci, T.↗
NASA NTRS1974

A resonance phenomenon observed in a swept frequency experiment on a mother-daughter ionospheric rocket

The report presents observations obtained in a swept frequency experiment conducted in a mother-daughter rocket flight at auroral latitudes. The discussion is essentially restricted to the possible interpretation of the experimental signal structures noted at and in the vicinity of a resonance frequency where signal components apparently are generated by nonlinear mechanisms. Various resonance frequencies have been considered in attempts to identify this multichannel response frequency. It is concluded that of all the possibilities invoked, the best consistency is provided by identifying the frequency concerned with the cone resonance frequency demonstrated experimentally in the case of a laboratory plasma by Fisher and Gould (1971).

Folkestad, K.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Swept-slot film-cooling effectiveness in hypersonic turbulent flow

Measurement results are presented for the surface equilibrium temperature downstream of swept slots, with sonic tangential air injection into a thick hypersonic turbulent boundary layer. These results are compared with unswept slot results for cooling effectiveness.

Hefner, J. N.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Vortex measurements behind a swept wing transport model

A backscatter laser Doppler velocimeter which simultaneously senses the axial and the tangential components of the velocity has been used to measure the velocity distributions in the near wake of a swept wing semispan transport model in a wind tunnel. The model configuration included nacelles, pylons, antishock bodies, and wing flaps which could be deflected 27 deg. Typical wake vortex velocity profiles are presented for the flaps-retracted and the flaps-deployed 27 deg configurations, respectively.

Orloff, K. L.↗
NASA NTRS1974

A viscous/potential flow interaction analysis method for multi-element infinite swept wings, volume 1

An analysis method and computer program have been developed for the calculation of the viscosity dependent aerodynamic characteristics of multi-element infinite swept wings in incompressible flow. The wing configuration consisting at the most of a slat, a main element and double slotted flap is represented in the method by a large number of panels. The inviscid pressure distribution about a given configuration in the normal chord direction is determined using a two dimensional potential flow program employing a vortex lattice technique. The boundary layer development over each individual element of the high lift configuration is determined using either integral or finite difference boundary layer techniques. A source distribution is then determined as a function of the calculated boundary layer displacement thickness and pressure distributions. This source distribution is included in the second calculation of the potential flow about the configuration. Once the solution has converged (usually after 2-5 iterations between the potential flow and boundary layer calculations) lift, drag, and pitching moments can be determined as functions of Reynolds number.

Dvorak, F. A.↗
NASA NTRS1975

The simulation of turbulent boundary layer separation on multi-element infinite swept wings

An improved method of simulating the effect of flow separation on potential flow over two-dimensional and infinite swept multi-element wings was developed. Two types of flow separation are considered: at the wing trailing edge, and at the cove region between the main wing and the flap. Potential flow is assumed outside the boundary layer and the separated wake. A previously obtained computer program (VIP) is modified by matching the outflow distribution for the potential flow such that the potential flow part of the real flow is duplicated and the results agree with the experimental observations. Results are given for the NACA 2412 airfoil. Iterative drag calculations are presented.

Dvorak, F. A.↗