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At least 307 records · Page 17

Tierra del Fuego Case Study Capacity Expansion Analysis

This case study, developed by Net Zero World Initiative and the Government of Argentina, examines least-cost decarbonization pathways for Tierra del Fuego, Argentina, utilizing renewable energy, energy storage, hydrogen, and other decarbonization technologies. Being the second largest natural gas producing province in Argentina, Tierra del Fuego has historically relied on natural gas for their energy sector needs. As they look at possible decarbonization pathways, they face challenges due to extreme weather conditions, isolation from the mainland, and low population density. The study utilizes the Engage web application for capacity expansion modeling, addressing both business-as-usual (BAU) and accelerated decarbonization scenarios, with varying degrees of electrification and carbon emission constraints. Key findings reveal that an interconnection with the mainland, high contribution of wind energy development on Tierra del Fuego, energy storage, and hydrogen, coupled with energy-efficient electrification technologies (such as heat pumps and electric vehicles), emerge as the most cost-effective solutions to decarbonize, significantly reducing carbon emissions and total system energy costs. The study explores self-generation and interconnection alternatives, demonstrating the economic advantage of an interconnection of Tierra del Fuego with the mainland, as an alternative to 100% local generation. Sensitivity analyses on wind data sources and temporal resolutions, as well as projected natural gas prices, highlight the influence of external factors on the feasibility of decarbonization pathways. Challenges identified include the practicality of phasing out natural gas, economic uncertainty, cost implications of long-term storage technologies as wind energy increases, and geographical limitations for wind generation. The case study concludes that while substantial emissions reductions can be achieved by 2050, and be competitive with conventional pathways, achieving a full 100% decarbonization by 2050 would entail higher costs, particularly due to the significant reliance on storage solutions with higher contribution of wind energy. The analysis offers valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders in Argentina's energy sector, emphasizing the importance of strategic planning, investment in renewable energy and storage technologies, and careful consideration of local conditions in the transition towards Net Zero targets.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

Triton: Igiugig Fish Video Analysis (Project Report)

This document summarizes the analysis of video data collected around the Ocean Renewable Power Company’s RivGen® device in the Kvichak River during July and August 2015. Human (manual) analysis of the data was undertaken and used to develop automated algorithms to detect fish in the frames and describe interaction behavior. In addition, a web application, EyeSea, was developed to combine manual and automated processing, so that ultimately the automated algorithms could be used to identify where human analysis was needed (i.e., when fish are present in video frames). The aim of the project was to develop algorithms that could identify video frames with fish present that could then be used to enable faster manual analysis. However, the project has also identified recommendations for future data collection, and research that could help analysis and interpretation. The manual analysis started to look at all data from the start of the deployment; this was to ensure rare events were seen, and initially focused on night-time data when more fish were present. This process highlighted the amount of time taken to identify fish, and ultimately only 42.33 hours of video were reviewed due to the time-consuming analysis. The data were classified as ‘Fish’, when the reviewer was confident it was a fish, and ‘Maybe’ fish, when it was difficult to distinguish. This was based on the movement, shape and color characteristics. ‘Fish’ were further classified as ‘adult’, ‘juvenile’, or ‘unidentifiable’. Behavioral attributes were noted, which were broadly divided into passive and avoidance activities. In over 42 hours data, there were only 20 potential contact interactions, of which 3 were ‘Maybe’ classifications, 12 were juveniles and 5 were adults; on only one occasion was an actual contact confirmed, and this was an adult fish with the camera, not the turbine itself. This also highlights the difficulties associated with confirming a strike or collision event as occurring or being a near-miss. More interactions were detected at night; this was probably biased by nighttime artificial light use, which may have attracted fish, but also could have increased detection probability as the light is reflected from the fish itself. For the algorithm development, background subtraction, optical flow, and deep learning techniques were considered. The deep learning approach was determined as needing too much training data for this application, and therefore was not continued. The optical flow analysis was considered promising, but did not give immediate results, so would need further investigation. Therefore, background subtraction was the main focus. Three methods of background subtraction were tried: Robust Principal Components Analysis (RPCA), Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) and Video Background Extraction(ViBE). A classification technique was then applied to the foreground images to determine fish presence. Using this combination, it was found that fish could be accurately detected when occupying more pixels (>200 pixels, 98.2% correct; 100-200 pixels, 99.6% correct; 5-100 pixels, 85.4% correct; 2-5 pixels, 66.3% correct). In parallel, EyeSea was developed to convert the video data to a usable form and to enable manual and automated analysis of the data that would have a standardized output. Recommendations for further research, and standardized methods for data collection are given.

13 HYDRO ENERGY↗

Offshore Geologic Carbon Storage Data Collection and Data Gaps Analysis

This is a TRS documenting the Offshore Geologic Carbon Storage Data Collection. It describes the Data Collection web application and its creation as well as an accompanying Data Gaps Assessment. We present an interactive data collection and data gaps analysis to aggregate, understand, and disseminate the data that are publicly available to support offshore GCS in the United States. This data collection and data gaps analysis can be leveraged by stakeholders to understand where GCS may be viable offshore, create GCS project analogs, and address challenges to GCS in offshore environments.

58 GEOSCIENCES↗

WELLBASE - An Interactive Platform for Wellbore Material Assessment

This project seeks to build an open-source wellbore material data repository with adequate material performance and contextual data to support Geological Carbon Storage (GCS). By appropriately evaluating the data types as mentioned earlier made available by the WELLBASE tool, stakeholders can make more informed decisions regarding well selections, risk assessment, and economic analysis for geologic carbon storage projects. Advanced Natural Language Processing models and other custom python scripts will be deployed in an automated process to extract unstructured data from documents, reports, and web applications and subsequently parse to more usable formats. The processed data will then be integrated into a robust and comprehensive database architecture, optimizing data accessibility, and usability for analytical purposes. The final data products will be accessible through a user-friendly visualization platform that will allow users to query and visualize the data, as well as download data in usable formats.

Tetteh, Daniel A.↗

GlideinBenchmark: collecting resource information to optimize provisioning

Choosing the right resource can speedup jobs completion, better utilize the available hardware and visibly reduce costs, especially when renting computers on the cloud. This was demonstrated in earlier studies on HEPCloud. But the benchmarking of the resources proved to be a laborious and time-consuming process. This paper presents GlideinBenchmark, a new Web application leveraging the pilot infrastructure of GlideinWMS to benchmark resources, and shows how to use the data collected and published by GlideinBenchmark to automate the optimal selection of resources. An experiment can select the benchmark or the set of benchmarks that most closely evaluate the performance of its workflows. With GlideinBenchmark and the help of the GldieinWMS Factory it controls the benchmark execution. Finally, a scheduler like HEPCloud’s Decision Engine can use the results to optimize resource provisioning.

Mambelli, Marco↗

CO2-Locate: A Dynamic Database and Tool for Accessing National Oil and Gas Well Data to Inform Carbon Storage Projects

The CO2-Locate Database is a growing compilation of publicly available wellbore resources that have been merged based on common attributes across data sources with an attribute schema developed to be consistent across disparate resources, reduce data gaps, and eliminate record redundancy. The first version of CO2-Locate has been published to Energy Data eXchange (EDX) and includes the integrated public wells dataset as well as additional geospatial summary layers of key wellbore characteristics to protect proprietary resources. Additionally, the CO2-Locate database has been deployed into a web application, enabling easy access, data filtering capabilities, and visualization of U.S. wellbore infrastructure by stakeholders to inform injection site selection and risk assessments.

Dyer, Alec S. [NETL Site Support Contractor, Natio↗

Advancing Multi-Hazard Risk and Safety Considerations for Aging Nuclear Facilities (Revision 1)

This project will demonstrate a multi-hazard time-dependent probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) approach for nuclear facilities considering aging-related deterioration of structures. A generic pressurized water reactor (PWR) reactor subjected to seismic mainshock-aftershock sequences considering the aging of the containment structure will be used as a case study to demonstrate the multi-hazard PRA approach. Using advanced modeling and simulation, seismic mainshock-aftershock fragility functions will be simulated for the containment structure considering aging effects. A multi-hazard PRA model for a generic PWR reactor will be built to quantify the multi-hazard core damage frequency (CDF) and large early release frequency (LERF) with explicit time-dependent modeling of event sequences. To date, the cascading impacts of multi-hazards are not adequately accounted for in the PRA models for nuclear facilities. In addition, for both initial and periodic evaluation of facilities to withstand natural phenomena hazards (NPH), deterioration of the SSCs due to aging and other effects is not adequately considered. By advancing multi-hazard considerations accounting for aging effects, this project will contribute to improved understanding of the safety of aging nuclear facilities. Project outcomes such as the multi-hazard CDF and LERF will also allow facility owners to optimize upgrade and retrofit protocols. This project is divided into two components: (1) advanced modeling and simulations; and (2) multi-hazard PRA. For the first component, Idaho National Laboratory’s (INL) Multi-hazard Analysis for STOchastic time-DOmaiN phenomena (MASTODON) and BlackBear codes will be used to simulate the seismic response and damage of a containment structure under cascading mainshock-aftershock sequences with aging effects. Uncertainties related to the seismic inputs, material parameters, and environmental factors such as temperature and humidity will be identified and propagated to the fragility functions. These fragility functions, which consider aging effects, will be time dependent. The second component will take the fragility information from the first component to build a multi-hazard time-dependent PRA model starting from a generic PWR model to evaluate the multi-hazard CDF and LERF and characterize the associated consequences. For this component, OpenPRA Web Application and SAPHIRE code will be used. Events such as the Fukushima Daiichi accident have highlighted the importance of considering the cascading impacts of multi-hazards for PRA. Moreover, many of the reactors in the current nuclear fleet in the United States (US) are already operating well beyond their initially planned design life, and applications for further extensions to operating licenses are being considered. Therefore, considering multi-hazard effects and aging deterioration in the NPH risk assessment process will contribute to the safety of both existing and future nuclear facilities. Outcomes of this project will thus directly benefit the standards DOE-STD-1020-16 and DOE-HDBK-1224-18.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗

GlideinBenchmark: collecting resource information to optimize provisioning

Choosing the right resource can speed up job completion, better utilize the available hardware, and visibly reduce costs, especially when renting computers in the cloud. This was demonstrated in earlier studies on HEPCloud. However, the benchmarking of the resources proved to be a laborious and time-consuming process. This paper presents GlideinBenchmark, a new Web application leveraging the pilot infrastructure of GlideinWMS to benchmark resources, and it shows how to use the data collected and published by GlideinBenchmark to automate the optimal selection of resources. An experiment can select the benchmark or the set of benchmarks that most closely evaluate the performance of its workflows. GlideinBenchmark, with the help of the GlideinWMS Factory, controls the benchmark execution. Finally, a scheduler like HEPCloud's Decision Engine can use the results to optimize resource provisioning.

Mambelli, Marco [Fermilab] (ORCID:0000000294892681↗

Lessons Learned from Deploying an Analytical Task Management Database

Defining requirements, missions, technologies, and concepts for space exploration involves multiple levels of organizations, teams of people with complementary skills, and analytical models and simulations. Analytical activities range from filling a To-Be-Determined (TBD) in a requirement to creating animations and simulations of exploration missions. In a program as large as returning to the Moon, there are hundreds of simultaneous analysis activities. A way to manage and integrate efforts of this magnitude is to deploy a centralized database that provides the capability to define tasks, identify resources, describe products, schedule deliveries, and generate a variety of reports. This paper describes a web-accessible task management system and explains the lessons learned during the development and deployment of the database. Through the database, managers and team leaders can define tasks, establish review schedules, assign teams, link tasks to specific requirements, identify products, and link the task data records to external repositories that contain the products. Data filters and spreadsheet export utilities provide a powerful capability to create custom reports. Import utilities provide a means to populate the database from previously filled form files. Within a four month period, a small team analyzed requirements, developed a prototype, conducted multiple system demonstrations, and deployed a working system supporting hundreds of users across the aeros pace community. Open-source technologies and agile software development techniques, applied by a skilled team enabled this impressive achievement. Topics in the paper cover the web application technologies, agile software development, an overview of the system's functions and features, dealing with increasing scope, and deploying new versions of the system.

O'Neil, Daniel A.↗

Defining the Core Archive Data Standards of the International Planetary Data Alliance (IPDA)

A goal of the International Planetary Data Alliance (lPDA) is to develop a set of archive data standards that enable the sharing of scientific data across international agencies and missions. To help achieve this goal, the IPDA steering committee initiated a six month proj ect to write requirements for and draft an information model based on the Planetary Data System (PDS) archive data standards. The project had a special emphasis on data formats. A set of use case scenarios were first developed from which a set of requirements were derived for the IPDA archive data standards. The special emphasis on data formats was addressed by identifying data formats that have been used by PDS nodes and other agencies in the creation of successful data sets for the Planetary Data System (PDS). The dependency of the IPDA information model on the PDS archive standards required the compilation of a formal specification of the archive standards currently in use by the PDS. An ontology modelling tool was chosen to capture the information model from various sources including the Planetary Science Data Dictionary [I] and the PDS Standards Reference [2]. Exports of the modelling information from the tool database were used to produce the information model document using an object-oriented notation for presenting the model. The tool exports can also be used for software development and are directly accessible by semantic web applications.

ontology↗

Modeling Regular Replacement for String Constraint Solving

Bugs in user input sanitation of software systems often lead to vulnerabilities. Among them many are caused by improper use of regular replacement. This paper presents a precise modeling of various semantics of regular substitution, such as the declarative, finite, greedy, and reluctant, using finite state transducers (FST). By projecting an FST to its input/output tapes, we are able to solve atomic string constraints, which can be applied to both the forward and backward image computation in model checking and symbolic execution of text processing programs. We report several interesting discoveries, e.g., certain fragments of the general problem can be handled using less expressive deterministic FST. A compact representation of FST is implemented in SUSHI, a string constraint solver. It is applied to detecting vulnerabilities in web applications

Fu, Xiang↗

The CEOS WGISS Atmospheric Composition Portal

Goal: Demonstrate the feasibility of connecting distributed atmospheric composition data and analysis tools into a common and shared web framework. Initial effort focused on: a) Collaboratively creating a web application within WDC-RSAT for comparison of satellite derived atmospheric composition datasets accessed from distributed data sources. b) Implementation of data access and interoperability standards. c) Sollicit feedback from paternal users; Especially from ACC participants.

Lynnes, Chris↗

Integrated Graphics Operations and Analysis Lab Development of Advanced Computer Graphics Algorithms

The focus of this project is to aid the IGOAL in researching and implementing algorithms for advanced computer graphics. First, this project focused on porting the current International Space Station (ISS) Xbox experience to the web. Previously, the ISS interior fly-around education and outreach experience only ran on an Xbox 360. One of the desires was to take this experience and make it into something that can be put on NASA s educational site for anyone to be able to access. The current code works in the Unity game engine which does have cross platform capability but is not 100% compatible. The tasks for an intern to complete this portion consisted of gaining familiarity with Unity and the current ISS Xbox code, porting the Xbox code to the web as is, and modifying the code to work well as a web application. In addition, a procedurally generated cloud algorithm will be developed. Currently, the clouds used in AGEA animations and the Xbox experiences are a texture map. The desire is to create a procedurally generated cloud algorithm to provide dynamically generated clouds for both AGEA animations and the Xbox experiences. This task consists of gaining familiarity with AGEA and the plug-in interface, developing the algorithm, creating an AGEA plug-in to implement the algorithm inside AGEA, and creating a Unity script to implement the algorithm for the Xbox. This portion of the project was unable to be completed in the time frame of the internship; however, the IGOAL will continue to work on it in the future.

Wheaton, Ira M.↗

Where's My Data - WMD

WMD provides a centralized interface to access data stored in the Mission Data Processing and Control System (MPCS) GDS (Ground Data Systems) databases during MSL (Mars Science Laboratory) Testbeds and ATLO (Assembly, Test, and Launch Operations) test sessions. The MSL project organizes its data based on venue (Testbed, ATLO, Ops), with each venue's data stored on a separate database, making it cumbersome for users to access data across the various venues. WMD allows sessions to be retrieved through a Web-based search using several criteria: host name, session start date, or session ID number. Sessions matching the search criteria will be displayed and users can then select a session to obtain and analyze the associated data. The uniqueness of this software comes from its collection of data retrieval and analysis features provided through a single interface. This allows users to obtain their data and perform the necessary analysis without having to worry about where and how to get the data, which may be stored in various locations. Additionally, this software is a Web application that only requires a standard browser without additional plug-ins, providing a cross-platform, lightweight solution for users to retrieve and analyze their data. This software solves the problem of efficiently and easily finding and retrieving data from thousands of MSL Testbed and ATLO sessions. WMD allows the user to retrieve their session in as little as one mouse click, and then to quickly retrieve additional data associated with the session.

Quach, William L.↗

NASA Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resource High Resolution Meteorology Data For Sustainable Building Design

A primary objective of NASA's Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resource (POWER) project is to adapt and infuse NASA's solar and meteorological data into the energy, agricultural, and architectural industries. Improvements are continuously incorporated when higher resolution and longer-term data inputs become available. Climatological data previously provided via POWER web applications were three-hourly and 1x1 degree latitude/longitude. The NASA Modern Era Retrospective-analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) data set provides higher resolution data products (hourly and 1/2x1/2 degree) covering the entire globe. Currently POWER solar and meteorological data are available for more than 30 years on hourly (meteorological only), daily, monthly and annual time scales. These data may be useful to several renewable energy sectors: solar and wind power generation, agricultural crop modeling, and sustainable buildings. A recent focus has been working with ASHRAE to assess complementing weather station data with MERRA data. ASHRAE building design parameters being investigated include heating/cooling degree days and climate zones.

Chandler, William S.↗

Programs Visualize Earth and Space for Interactive Education

Kevin Hussey and others at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory produced web applications to visualize all of the spacecraft in orbit around Earth and in the Solar System. Hussey worked with Milwaukee, Wisconsin-based The Elumenati to rewrite the programs, and after licensing them, the company started offering a version that can be viewed on spheres and dome theaters for schools, museums, science centers, and other institutions.

Source record↗

NASA Pathways Co-op Tour Johnson Space Center Fall 2013

This report outlines the tasks and objectives completed during a co‐operative education tour with National Aeronautics and Space Association (NASA) at the Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas. I worked for the Attitude & Pointing group of the Flight Dynamics Division within the Mission Operations Directorate at Johnson Space Center. NASA's primary mission is to support and expand the various ongoing space exploration programs and any research and development activities associated with it. My primary project required me to develop and a SharePoint web application for my group. My secondary objective was to become familiar with the role of my group which was primarily to provide spacecraft attitude and line of sight determination, including Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) communications coverage for various NASA, International, and commercial partner spacecraft. My projects required me to become acquainted with different software systems, fundamentals of aerospace engineering, project management, and develop essential interpersonal communication skills. Overall, I accomplished multiple goals which included laying the foundations for an updated SharePoint which will allow for an organized platform to communicate and share data for group members and external partners. I also successfully learned about the operations of the Attitude & Pointing Group and how it contributes to the Missions Operations Directorate and NASA's Space Program as a whole

Masood, Amir↗

Ruby on Rails Issue Tracker

The purpose of this report is to detail the tasks accomplished as a NASA NIFS intern for the summer 2014 session. This internship opportunity is to develop an issue tracker Ruby on Rails web application to improve the communication of developmental anomalies between the Support Software Computer Software Configuration Item (CSCI) teams, System Build and Information Architecture. As many may know software development is an arduous, time consuming, collaborative effort. It involves nearly as much work designing, planning, collaborating, discussing, and resolving issues as effort expended in actual development. This internship opportunity was put in place to help alleviate the amount of time spent discussing issues such as bugs, missing tests, new requirements, and usability concerns that arise during development and throughout the life cycle of software applications once in production.

Ruby on Rails↗