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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Implementation and Validation of the Hydride Nucleation-Growth-Dissolution (HNGD) model in BISON
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Predicting the hydride rim by improving the solubility limits in the Hydride Nucleation-Growth-Dissolution (HNGD) model
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Formation and dissolution of carbides and precipitates in self-ion irradiated HT9 alloy
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SEI formation mechanisms and Li + dissolution in lithium metal anodes: Impact of the electrolyte composition and the electrolyte-to-anode ratio
The lithium metal battery is one of today's most promising high-energy-density storage devices. Its full-scale implementation depends on solving operational and safety issues intrinsic to the Li metal high reactivity leading to uncontrolled electrolyte decomposition and uneven Li deposition. In this work, we study the spontaneous formation of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) upon contact of Li metal with the electrolyte and describe the heterogeneous SEI morphological features. Multiple electrolyte formulations based on lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI), dimethoxyethane (DME), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), 1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether (TTE) and bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) ether (BTFE) are used. Findings include the description of the SEI evolution from dispersed LiO, LiS, LiN, and LiF clusters to a continuous and compact inorganic phase in which the LiO and LiF content depend on the presence of fluorine diluents. Further, the role of the DME ether solvent helping the growth of a “wet-SEI” is compared to that of the highly unstable carbonate DMC, which decomposes into complex radical oligomers that might contribute to further electrolyte decomposition. The impact of the electrolyte-to-anode ratio on LiFSI decomposition is highlighted. Finally, we suggest the existence of a critical LiFSI concentration and electrolyte-to-anode ratio that could potentially balance the rate of electrolyte depletion and lithium consumption.
In-situ TEM laser heating for manipulation of cooling rates and observation of precipitate dissolution kinetics.
Abstract not provided.
Facile Synthesis of Dicelike Cobalt Squarate Cages through a Spontaneous Dissolution-Regrowth Process
Abstract not provided
Effects of Cu(II) and Zn(II) on PbO[subscript 2] Reductive Dissolution under Drinking Water Conditio
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Thermochemical Transformation of Calcium during Biomass Burning and the Effects on Postfire Aqueous Dissolution of Macronutrients
Calcium is commonly the most abundant element in fire residues and its speciation largely determines the geochemical properties of fire residues and their effects on postfire soil chemistry. To explore the effects of biomass composition and fire conditions on ash Ca speciation, this study characterizes the speciation of Ca in charcoal and ash samples that were derived from different plant compartments and thermal conditions, using Ca K-edge X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy. Results showed that biomass contains abundant organic Ca complexes, which were mineralized into fairchildite and calcite after heating at 450 to 600 °C and then CaO, as temperature increased to 750 °C. Apatite could be an abundant Ca species in fire residues if the Ca/P molar ratio of the biomass is small (<2). The mineralization of organic Ca to the identified Ca minerals during burning was negligibly affected by the oxygen level. Calcium speciation in prescribed fire residues resembled that of biomass ash burned at 550 °C with similar Ca/P molar ratios. Batch experiments showed that macronutrients (Ca, Mg, K, and P) were differentially released, as a result of different solubility of minerals in ashes and reprecipitation of minerals. The aqueous solubility of Ca, Mg, and P decreased as pH increased from 5 to 9, while K showed no pH dependency and was almost completely soluble. Results from this study improve our understanding of the chemistry of fire residues and their geochemical behaviors, which can help evaluate the impact of fire on postfire soil properties and macronutrient cycling.
Forcing Dicyanamide Coordination to f-Elements by Dissolution in Dicyanamide-Based Ionic Liquids
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