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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 325 records · Page 18
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS2004

The ALTEA/ALTEINO projects: studying functional effects of microgravity and cosmic radiation

The ALTEA project investigates the risks of functional brain damage induced by particle radiation in space. A modular facility (the ALTEA facility) is being implemented and will be operated in the International Space Station (ISS) to record electrophysiological and behavioral descriptors of brain function and to monitor their time dynamics and correlation with particles and space environment. The focus of the program will be on abnormal visual perceptions (often reported as "light flashes" by astronauts) and the impact on retinal and brain visual structures of particle in microgravity conditions. The facility will be made available to the international scientific community for human neurophysiological, electrophysiological and psychophysics experiments, studies on particle fluxes, and dosimetry. A precursor of ALTEA (the 'Alteino' project) helps set the experimental baseline for the ALTEA experiments, while providing novel information on the radiation environment onboard the ISS and on the brain electrophysiology of the astronauts during orbital flights. Alteino was flown to the ISS on the Soyuz TM34 as part of mission Marco Polo. Controlled ground experiments using mice and accelerator beams complete the experimental strategy of ALTEA. We present here the status of progress of the ALTEA project and preliminary results of the Alteino study on brain dynamics, particle fluxes and abnormal visual perceptions. c2004 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

manned↗
NASA NTRS1939

A Glimpse of Scientific Research on Fundamental Problems of Military and Civil Aeronautics

Among the outstanding accomplishments of the last century is man's conquest of the air. That conquest began in 1903 when the Wright brothers made the first successful flight of an airplane at Kitty Hawk, N. C. Five years later the United States Government purchased its first airplane for the use of the Army, and began the training of officers for military flying. During the years immediately preceding the outbreak of the World War the Government and a meager aircraft industry had made important progress, but the Government, practically the only customer, had purchased less than 100 airplanes. In the meantime, leading European nations, sensing acutely the potentialities of aircraft in warfare, had made greater progress and had begun laying the foundations for the new science of aeronautics. The World War gave a remarkable impetus to the development of aeronautics and emphasized the need for organized research on the fundamental problems of flight. By act of Congress approved March 3, 1915, the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics was created and charged with the duty of supervising, directing, and conducting fundamental scientific research and experiment in aeronautics. With the farsighted support of the Congress the Committee has led the world in the development of unique aeronautical research facilities in its laboratories at Langley Field, Va. The research programs include problems initiated by the Committee and its subcommittees and also investigations requested by the Army, the Navy, and the Civil Aeronautics Authority. The results of researches conducted under one control, serve without duplication of effort, the needs of all branches of aviation, civil and military, and exert a profound influence on the progress of aeronautics by improving the performance, efficiency, and safety of aircraft. A brief description of the results of some of the committee's researches and of the equipment employed will be found in the following pages.

Source record↗
DOE OSTI2024

Passive Temperature Sensors for Nuclear Applications

Thermocouples are generally used to provide real-time temperature indications in instrumented tests performed at material and test reactors. Passive temperature monitors, such as Silicon Carbide (SiC) and melt wires, may be included in such tests as an independent technique of detecting peak temperatures experienced during irradiation. In less expensive static (drop-in) capsule tests, which have no leads attached for real-time data transmission, melt wires, and SiC temperature monitors (TMs) are essentially the only possibility for peak temperature indication. A melt wire involves placing materials (wires) of a known composition and melting temperature in a test. An inventory is maintained at Material Science Laboratory (MSL) for melt wires ranging in temperatures from 30°C to 1500°C. Unfortunately, melt wires are limited in that it can only detect whether a single temperature is or is not exceeded (melt wire melted or not). SiC TMs, which can also be used to detect peak irradiation temperatures, are advantageous because a single monitor can allow to determine the peak temperature reached within a relatively broad range (100 – 1200°C) resulting in accuracies within ±20°C. Irradiation temperature is determined by measuring a property change after isochronal annealing or during a continuously monitored annealing process using specialized equipment at MSL. Recent research has produced a passive monitor known as sublime temperature monitor. This passive sensor has the capability of recording temperature gradients and pinpointing exactly where a temperature is located along that gradient. Long measurement lengths are achieved with very high accuracy in the location of desired temperature measurements (±2 mm over a 1 m span); however, this sensor has not been deployed in a nuclear reactor. This article will focus only on passive temperature sensors currently being researched and implemented under the Advanced Sensors and Instrumentation (ASI) program at Idaho National Laboratory (INL).

11 - NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
NASA NTRS1983

Time transfer between the Goddard Optical Research Facility and the U.S. Naval Observatory using 100 picosecond laser pulses

A horizontal two-way time comparison link in air between the University of Maryland laser ranging and time transfer equipment at the Goddard Optical Research Facility (GORF) 1.2 m telescope and the Time Services Division of the U.S. Naval Observatory (USNO) was established. Flat mirrors of 25 cm and 30 cm diameter respectively were placed on top of the Washington Cathedral and on a water tower at the Beltsville Agricultural Research Center. Two optical corner reflectors at the USNO reflect the laser pulses back to the GORF. Light pulses of 100 ps duration and an energy of several hundred microjoules are sent at the rate of 10 pulses per second. The detection at the USNO is by means of an RCA C30902E avalanche photodiode and the timing is accomplished by an HP 5370A computing counter and an HP 1000 computer with respect to a 10 pps pulse train from the Master Clock.

Alley, C. O.↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

NASA’s Efficient Quiet Integrated Propulsors (Equip) Technical Challenge

Advances in aircraft propulsor technology - ducted and unducted - are key elements to developing a sustainable aviation future. Increasing propulsive efficiency comes with significant challenges. The long-term trend in aircraft engine design has been towards higher bypass ratios to increase efficiency and decrease noise. Current designs are pushing against limits on engine size; the engine must fit under the wing and overcome the nacelle weight, aerodynamic drag, and airframe integration penalties associated with an ultra-high bypass ratio. The next-generation ducted engines will have shorter inlets and smaller rotor-stator spacing to minimize nacelle area. This increases the potential for non-uniform flow at the fan face and less area for acoustic liners. Unducted engines eliminate the nacelle penalty while presenting challenges to noise and operability in distorted flow environments. The overall diameter in both cases raises questions about engine-airframe integration to maximize efficiency gains and minimize installation penalties. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Advanced Air Vehicles Program (AAVP) approved the Efficient Quiet Integrated Propulsor (EQuIP) Technical Challenge (TC) under the Advanced Air Transport Technology (AATT) Project to work on next-generation propulsor technologies in collaboration with NASA’s government and industry partners in the Sustainable Flight National Partnership. The EQuIP TC leverages NASA resources with Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and industry investments under the FAA’s Continuous Lower Energy Emissions and Noise (CLEEN) program to address technical challenges on the propulsor subject to the flow field imposed by the engine-airframe-flight environment. The EQuIP TC complements NASA Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate’s (ARMD) existing investments in sustainable aviation for the next-generation of commercial aircraft and contributes to meeting the noise and efficiency goals set by the Sustainable Flight National Partnership and U.S. Aviation Climate Action Plan. This paper introduces the EQuIP TC, describes key parts of its development, and presents the background research used to scope its impact.

Propulsion↗
DOE OSTI2025

Supply Chain Improvement & Process Modification Printing in Tantalum

Refractory metals and alloys are distinguished by their exceptional thermophysical properties, including high melting and recrystallization temperatures, remarkable strength, and superior corrosion resistance, all of which surpass those of conventional alloys. These unique characteristics position these materials as ideal candidates for applications in extreme environments. However, their potential has historically been underexploited due to limitations in processing capabilities. Recent advancements in melt-based additive manufacturing (AM) processes present opportunities to overcome these limitations. Previous Sandia studies have successfully characterized pure tantalum produced through laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) externally at Castheon, revealing that LPBF-fabricated tantalum exhibits properties exceeding those of wrought materials. This promising outcome sparked increased interest in the internal additive manufacturing of tantalum. This project aimed to establish the new SLM 280 machine at SNL-CA to successfully produce the first tantalum prints and characterize the material. Additionally, efforts were made to enhance the machine by incorporating Inert equipment to minimize oxygen content within the print volume. The results demonstrated that internally manufactured LPBF tantalum not only met but exceeded the standards of wrought materials, even prior to the integration of the additional equipment. The inert equipment is almost successfully integrated and ready for use. Future research should focus on understanding how this equipment influences the process-structure-property relationships, as well as further optimizing the printing parameters for tantalum.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
NASA NTRS1985

Lambda Point Equipment

A compilation of the active research tasks as of the end of the fiscal year 1984 of the Microgravity Science and Applications Program, NASA-Office of Space Science and Applications, involving several NASA centers and other organizations is presented. The purpose is to provide an overview of the program scope for managers and scientists in industry, university, and government communities. An introductory description of the program, strategy and overall goal; identification of the organizational structures and people involved; and a description of each research task, together with a list of recent publications is presented. The tasks are grouped into six categories: Electronic Materials; Solidification of Metals, Alloys, and Composites; Fluid Dynamics and Transports; Biotechnology; Glasses and Ceramics; and Combustion.

Lipa, J. A.↗
NASA NTRS1993

Modeling and new equipment definition for the vibration isolation box equipment system

Our MSAD-funded research project is to provide numerical modeling support for the VIBES (Vibration Isolation Box Experiment System) which is an IML2 flight experiment being built by the Japanese research team of Dr. H. Azuma of the Japanese National Aerospace Laboratory. During this reporting period, the following have been accomplished: A semi-consistent mass finite element projection algorithm for 2D and 3D Boussinesq flows has been implemented on Sun, HP And Cray Platforms. The algorithm has better phase speed accuracy than similar finite difference or lumped mass finite element algorithms, an attribute which is essential for addressing realistic g-jitter effects as well as convectively-dominated transient systems. The projection algorithm has been benchmarked against solutions generated via the commercial code FIDAP. The algorithm appears to be accurate as well as computationally efficient. Optimization and potential parallelization studies are underway. Our implementation to date has focused on execution of the basic algorithm with at most a concern for vectorization. The initial time-varying gravity Boussinesq flow simulation is being set up. The mesh is being designed and the input file is being generated. Some preliminary 'small mesh' cases will be attempted on our HP9000/735 while our request to MSAD for supercomputing resources is being addressed. The Japanese research team for VIBES was visited, the current set up and status of the physical experiment was obtained and ongoing E-Mail communication link was established.

Sani, Robert L.↗
NASA NTRS1977

The MINE project: Minority Involvement in NASA Engineering

The Mine Project developed by Lewis Research Center (LRC) along with Tennessee State University and Tuskegee Institute, is described. The project calls for LRC to assemble on-going NASA university affairs programs aimed at benefiting the school, its faculty, and its student body. The schools receive grants to pursue research and technology projects that are relevant to NASA's missions. Upon request from the universities, LRC furnishes instructors and lecturers. The schools have use of surplus government equipment and access to NASA research facilities for certain projects. Both the faculty and students of the universities are eligible for summer employment at LRC through special programs. The MINE Project is designed to establish a continuing active relationship of 3 to 5 years between NASA and the universities, and will afford LRC with an opportunity to increase its recruitment of minority and women employees.

Allen, H., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Rotorcraft research testing in the National Full-Scale Aerodynamics Complex at NASA Ames Research Center

The unique capabilities of the National Full-Scale Aerodynamics Complex (NFAC) for testing rotorcraft systems are described. The test facilities include the 40- by 80-Foot Wind Tunnel, the 80- by 120-Foot Wind Tunnel, and the Outdoor Aerodynamic Research Facility. The Ames 7- by 10-Foot Subsonic Wind Tunnel is also used in support of the rotor research programs conducted in the NFAC. Detailed descriptions of each of the facilities, with an emphasis on helicopter rotor test capability, are presented. The special purpose rotor test equipment used in conducting helicopter research is reviewed. Test rigs to operate full-scale helicopter main rotors, helicopter tail rotors, and tilting prop-rotors are available, as well as full-scale and small-scale rotor systems for use in various research programs. The test procedures used in conducting rotor experiments are discussed together with representative data obtained from previous test programs. Specific examples are given for rotor performance, loads, acoustics, system interactions, dynamic and aeroelastic stability, and advanced technology and prototype demonstration models.

Warmbrodt, W.↗
NASA NTRS1988

Occultation studies of the solar system

Occultations of stars by planets, satellites, planetary ring systems, asteroids, and comets provide valuable opportunities to probe the Solar System in ways otherwise impossible from the surface of the earth. For example, one can precisely measure the size and shape of objects which are much too small to be resolved directly, accurately map the structure and transparency of ring systems, and detect the faintest trace of an atmosphere. In this investigation, researchers identify upcoming occultations through wide-ranging computer searches, provide accurate predictions for the more important events, and observe selected occultations with our specially designed portable photometric equipment. During the past year, researchers produced accurate predictions for an occultation of AG+40 degrees 0783 by 324 Bamberga on 8 December 1987 and coordinated efforts to observe this event. The occultation was successfully observed at 13 sites including two manned by Lowell Observatory astronomers.

Millis, Robert L.↗
DOE OSTI2025

Prototyping DAQ network functions on FABRIC

This poster relates to a project that is investigating the use of the FABRIC federated testbed to scale-up research infrastructure to develop network functions that use smart (programmable) network equipment to support High Energy Physics (HEP) research. The poster describes preliminary work that involves non trivial packet parsing related to Fermilab DAQ workloads that is implemented on real hardware, and a correctness and performance evaluation.

Sagstad, Bjoern [IIT, Chicago]↗
DOE OSTI2024

IER-484 CED4a Report: AFRRI ER1 Dosimetry Characterization

This report presents an analytical function as the reference neutron and photon dose (normalized to an ion chamber integral) for future nuclear accident dosimeter (NAD) exercise at the Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute (AFRRI). Various dosimeters and equipment were positioned within exposure room 1 (ER1) and irradiated using a 1.1 MW Training, Research, Isotope, General Atomics (TRIGA) Mark-F nuclear reactor. An ion chamber located in ER1 was used as a normalization factor in Equation 2. This allows for a quick calculation of neutron and photon dose based on the ion chamber data. Currently, AFRRI is in preparation to host a NAD exercise this summer.

61 RADIATION PROTECTION AND DOSIMETRY↗
NASA NTRS1974

The ASSESS program documenting and evaluating low cost techniques for conducting research in the flight environment

The Airborne Science Office (ASO) of the Ames Research Center has for 10 years operated an airborne scientific research program in infrared astronomy and other disciplines. The Lear Jet, CV-990, and C-141 flying laboratories are flown by ASO crews, while the major responsibility for defining, developing, and operating the experimental equipment is placed on individual researchers, who have included scientists from many countries. The ASSESS (Airborne Science/Shuttle Experiment Systems Simulation) program consists of two phases: Phase A documents the present management and operational practices of the ASO, and Phase B consists of airborne research missions constrained (for example, by crew confinement) to simulate certain aspects of experimental operations on Shuttle/Spacelab missions. Various parallels between the Airborne Science Program and Spacelab are pointed out and their applications to Spacelab planning are discussed.

Weaver, L. B.↗
NASA NTRS1984

YO-3A acoustics research aircraft systems manual

The flight testing techniques, equipment, and procedures employed during air-to-air acoustic testing of helicopters using the NASA YO-3A Acoustic Research Aircraft are discussed. The research aircraft instrumentation system is described as well as hardware installation on the test aircraft and techniques used during the tests. Emphasis is placed on formation flying, position locations, test matrices, and test procedures.

Cross, J. L.↗
NASA NTRS1984

In-flight acoustic testing techniques using the YO-3A Acoustic Research Aircraft

This report discusses the flight testing techniques and equipment employed during air-to-air acoustic testing of helicopters at Ames Research Center. The in flight measurement technique used enables acoustic data to be obtained without the limitations of anechoic chambers or the multitude of variables encountered in ground based flyover testing. The air-to-air testing is made possible by the NASA YO-3A Acoustic Research Aircraft. This "Quiet Aircraft' is an acoustically instrumented version of a quiet observation aircraft manufactured for the military. To date, tests with the following aircraft have been conducted: YO-3A background noise; Hughes 500D; Hughes AH-64; Bell AH-1S; Bell AH-1G. Several system upgrades are being designed and implemented to improve the quality of data. This report will discuss not only the equipment involved and aircraft tested, but also the techniques used in these tests. In particular, formation flying position locations, and the test matrices will be discussed. Examples of data taken will also be presented.

Cross, J. L.↗