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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 325 records · Page 18
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS2010

Things That Work: Roles and Services of SPDF

The current Heliophysics Science Data Management Policy (HpSDMP) defines the roles of the Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) project as a heliophysics active Final Archive (aFA), a focus for critical data infrastructure services and a center of excellence for data and ancillary information services. This presentation will highlight (1) select current SPDF activities, (2) the lessons we are continuing to learn in how to usefully serve the the heliophysics science community and (3)SPDF's programmatic emphasis in the coming year. In cooperation with the Heliophysics Virtual discipline Observatories (VxOs), we are working closely with current, and with upcoming missions such as RBSP and MMS, to define effective approaches to ensure the long-term availability and archiving of mission data, as well as how SPDF services can complement active mission capabilities. We are working to make the Virtual Space Physics Observatory (VSPO) service comprehensive in all significant and NASA relevant heliophysics data. We will highlight a new CDAWeb interface, a faster SSCWeb, availability of our data through VxO services such as Autoplot, a new capability to easily access our data from within IDL and continuing improvements to CDF including better handling of leap seconds.

McGuire, R. E.↗
NASA NTRS2011

Application of ESE Data and Tools to Air Quality Management: Services for Helping the Air Quality Community use ESE Data (SHAirED)

The goal of this REASoN applications and technology project is to deliver and use Earth Science Enterprise (ESE) data and tools in support of air quality management. Its scope falls within the domain of air quality management and aims to develop a federated air quality information sharing network that includes data from NASA, EPA, US States and others. Project goals were achieved through a access of satellite and ground observation data, web services information technology, interoperability standards, and air quality community collaboration. In contributing to a network of NASA ESE data in support of particulate air quality management, the project will develop access to distributed data, build Web infrastructure, and create tools for data processing and analysis. The key technologies used in the project include emerging web services for developing self describing and modular data access and processing tools, and service oriented architecture for chaining web services together to assemble customized air quality management applications. The technology and tools required for this project were developed within DataFed.net, a shared infrastructure that supports collaborative atmospheric data sharing and processing web services. Much of the collaboration was facilitated through community interactions through the Federation of Earth Science Information Partners (ESIP) Air Quality Workgroup. The main activities during the project that successfully advanced DataFed, enabled air quality applications and established community-oriented infrastructures were: develop access to distributed data (surface and satellite), build Web infrastructure to support data access, processing and analysis create tools for data processing and analysis foster air quality community collaboration and interoperability.

Falke, Stefan↗
NASA NTRS2011

NASA's Global Change Master Directory: Discover and Access Earth Science Data Sets, Related Data Services, and Climate Diagnostics

NASA's Global Change Master Directory provides the scientific community with the ability to discover, access, and use Earth science data, data-related services, and climate diagnostics worldwide. The GCMD offers descriptions of Earth science data sets using the Directory Interchange Format (DIF) metadata standard; Earth science related data services are described using the Service Entry Resource Format (SERF); and climate visualizations are described using the Climate Diagnostic (CD) standard. The DIF, SERF and CD standards each capture data attributes used to determine whether a data set, service, or climate visualization is relevant to a user's needs. Metadata fields include: title, summary, science keywords, service keywords, data center, data set citation, personnel, instrument, platform, quality, related URL, temporal and spatial coverage, data resolution and distribution information. In addition, nine valuable sets of controlled vocabularies have been developed to assist users in normalizing the search for data descriptions. An update to the GCMD's search functionality is planned to further capitalize on the controlled vocabularies during database queries. By implementing a dynamic keyword "tree", users will have the ability to search for data sets by combining keywords in new ways. This will allow users to conduct more relevant and efficient database searches to support the free exchange and re-use of Earth science data. http://gcmd.nasa.gov/

Aleman, Alicia↗
NASA NTRS2013

STRS Radio Service Software for NASA's SCaN Testbed

NASA's Space Communication and Navigation(SCaN) Testbed was launched to the International Space Station in 2012. The objective is to promote new software defined radio technologies and associated software application reuse, enabled by this first flight of NASA's Space Telecommunications Radio System (STRS) architecture standard. Pre-launch testing with the testbed's software defined radios was performed as part of system integration. Radio services for the JPL SDR were developed during system integration to allow the waveform application to operate properly in the space environment, especially considering thermal effects. These services include receiver gain control, frequency offset, IQ modulator balance, and transmit level control. Development, integration, and environmental testing of the radio services will be described. The added software allows the waveform application to operate properly in the space environment, and can be reused by future experimenters testing different waveform applications. Integrating such services with the platform provided STRS operating environment will attract more users, and these services are candidates for interface standardization via STRS.

Mortensen, Dale J.↗
NASA NTRS2012

STRS Radio Service Software for NASA's SCaN Testbed

NASAs Space Communication and Navigation(SCaN) Testbed was launched to the International Space Station in 2012. The objective is to promote new software defined radio technologies and associated software application reuse, enabled by this first flight of NASAs Space Telecommunications Radio System(STRS) architecture standard. Pre-launch testing with the testbeds software defined radios was performed as part of system integration. Radio services for the JPL SDR were developed during system integration to allow the waveform application to operate properly in the space environment, especially considering thermal effects. These services include receiver gain control, frequency offset, IQ modulator balance, and transmit level control. Development, integration, and environmental testing of the radio services will be described. The added software allows the waveform application to operate properly in the space environment, and can be reused by future experimenters testing different waveform applications. Integrating such services with the platform provided STRS operating environment will attract more users, and these services are candidates for interface standardization via STRS.

Mortensen, Dale J.↗
NASA NTRS2015

Service Life Extension of the ISS Propulsion System Elements

The International Space Station (ISS) is a result of international collaboration in building a sophisticated laboratory of an unprecedented scale in Low Earth Orbit. After a complex assembly sequence spanning over a decade, some of the early modules launched at the beginning of the program would reach the end of their certified lives, while the newer modules were just being commissioned into operation. To maximize the return on global investments in this one-of-a-kind orbiting platform that was initially conceived for a service life until 2016, it is essential for the cutting edge research on ISS to continue as long as the station can be sustained safely in orbit. ISS Program is assessing individual modules in detail to extend the service life of the ISS to 2024, and possibly to 2028. Without life extension, Functional Cargo Block (known by its Russian acronym as FGB) and the Service Module (SM), two of the early modules on the Russian Segment, would reach the end of their certified lives in 2013 and 2015 respectively. Both FGB and SM are critical for the propulsive function of the ISS. This paper describes the approach used for the service life extension of the FGB propulsion system. Also presented is an overview of the system description along with the process adopted for developing the life test plans based on considerations of system failure modes, fault tolerance and safety provisions. Tests and analyses performed, important findings and life estimates are summarized. Based on the life extension data, FGB propulsion system, in general, is considered ready for a service life until 2028.

Kamath, Ulhas↗
NASA NTRS2016

System and Method for Providing a Climate Data Analytic Services Application Programming Interface Distribution Package

A system, method and computer-readable storage devices for providing a climate data analytic services application programming interface distribution package. The example system can provide various components. The system provides a climate data analytic services application programming interface library that enables software applications running on a client device to invoke the capabilities of a climate data analytic service. The system provides a command-line interface that provides a means of interacting with a climate data analytic service by issuing commands directly to the system's server interface. The system provides sample programs that call on the capabilities of the application programming interface library and can be used as templates for the construction of new client applications. The system can also provide test utilities, build utilities, service integration utilities, and documentation.

Schnase, John L.↗
NASA NTRS2016

Datalist: A Value Added Service to Enable Easy Data Selection

Imagine a user wanting to study hurricane events. This could involve searching and downloading multiple data variables from multiple data sets. The currently available services from the Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC) only allow the user to select one data set at a time. The GES DISC started a Data List initiative, in order to enable users to easily select multiple data variables. A Data List is a collection of predefined or user-defined data variables from one or more archived data sets. Target users of Data Lists include science teams, individual science researchers, application users, and educational users. Data Lists are more than just data. Data Lists effectively provide users with a sophisticated integrated data and services package, including metadata, citation, documentation, visualization, and data-specific services, all available from one-stop shopping. Data Lists are created based on the software architecture of the GES DISC Unified User Interface (UUI). The Data List service is completely data-driven, and a Data List is treated just as any other data set. The predefined Data Lists, created by the experienced GES DISC science support team, should save a significant amount of time that users would otherwise have to spend.

Datalist↗
NASA NTRS2017

New GES DISC Services Shortening the Path in Science Data Discovery

The Current GES DISC available services only allow user to select variables from a single dataset at a time and too many variables from a dataset are displayed, choice is hard. At American Geophysical Union (AGU) 2016 Fall Meeting, Goddard Earth Sciences Data Information Services Center (GES DISC) unveiled a new service: Datalist. A Datalist is a collection of predefined or user-defined data variables from one or more archived datasets. Our science support team curated predefined datalist and provided value to the user community. Imagine some novice user wants to study hurricane and typed in hurricane in the search box. The first item in the search result is GES DISC provided Hurricane Datalist. It contains scientists recommended variables from multiple datasets like TRMM, GPM, MERRA, etc. Datalist uses the same architecture as that of our new website, which also provides one-stop shopping for data, metadata, citation, documentation, visualization and other available services.We implemented Datalist with new GES DISC web architecture, one single web page that unified all user interfaces. From that webpage, users can find data by either type in keyword, or browse by category. It also provides user with a sophisticated integrated data and services package, including metadata, citation, documentation, visualization, and data-specific services, all available from one-stop shopping.

Datalist↗
NASA NTRS2011

Satellite Servicing's Autonomous Rendezvous and Docking Testbed on the International Space Station

The Space Servicing Capabilities Project (SSCP) at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) has been tasked with developing systems for servicing space assets. Starting in 2009, the SSCP completed a study documenting potential customers and the business case for servicing, as well as defining several notional missions and required technologies. In 2010, SSCP moved to the implementation stage by completing several ground demonstrations and commencing development of two International Space Station (ISS) payloads-the Robotic Refueling Mission (RRM) and the Dextre Pointing Package (DPP)--to mitigate new technology risks for a robotic mission to service existing assets in geosynchronous orbit. This paper introduces the DPP, scheduled to fly in July of 2012 on the third operational SpaceX Dragon mission, and its Autonomous Rendezvous and Docking (AR&D) instruments. The combination of sensors and advanced avionics provide valuable on-orbit demonstrations of essential technologies for servicing existing vehicles, both cooperative and non-cooperative.

Naasz, Bo J.↗
NASA NTRS2018

Restructuring Big Data to Improve Data Access and Performance in Analytic Services Making Research More Efficient for the Study of Extreme Weather Events and Application User Communities

By developing and enhancing various services and tools, the GES DISC provides users with the capability to access and visualize data, and to make comparisons of data from multiple sensor and models via a number of cross-discipline projects. Discovering Data via Faceted Web Interface Web interface to data products and services Search and Download mechanisms Dataset Landing Pages Accessing Data through Interoperable Services: GDS – GrADS Data Server OPeNDAP - Open-source Project for a Network Data Access Protocol WMS – OGC service GIS connector – allowing IS tools to access data easier (coming soon) HTTPS -- direct online access Downloading Data Basics: Subset and egridding Service – Parameter, Spatial, Time, Vertical, Mean averaging, format conversion, and regridding for L3/L4 gridded data Swath Data Subsetter – Parameter, spatial subset of L2 /L1 data. Visualizing Data Online: Giovanni –Visualization and Analysis L3/L4 gridded data AIRS NRT Viewer – AIRS near-real-time DQVis – L2 data quality visualization

data cube↗
NASA NTRS2018

The Evolution of Payload Data Capabilities on the Commercial Visiting Vehicles that Service the International Space Station

In 2008, NASA awarded the first contracts to U.S. commercial companies to deliver cargo and supplies to the International Space Station (ISS). These contracts, called the first phase of Commercial Resupply Services (CRS1), were awarded to Space Exploration Technologies (SpaceX) and Orbital Sciences. Under the CRS1 contracts, commercial visiting vehicles not only provide a couple tons of cargo to the ISS each mission, but they also provide the ability for payloads to be transferred to the ISS in an active, powered state. Prior to the start of the CRS1 program, most vehicles that serviced the ISS transported science experiments as passive cargo. Therefore, the CRS1 program through offering frequent flight opportunities with powered payload transport capability ushered in a new era in which NASA and payload developers could reimagine operational concepts for payloads during the transit phase to and from the ISS. To take advantage of this powered payload transport capability, NASA first added requirements under the CRS1 program for the commercial vehicles to provide telemetry monitoring services for pressurized payloads to give payload developers situational awareness during the transport phase. Since then, payload developer use-cases for visiting vehicle data services during free-flight have evolved with each new commercial visiting vehicle contract to cover a variety of payload monitoring and control abilities. Additional commercial contracts include the Commercial Crew Transportation Capability (CCtCap) contracts that were awarded to SpaceX and Boeing, and the second phase of Commercial Resupply Services (CRS2) contracts that were awarded to SpaceX, Orbital ATK (formerly Orbital Sciences), and Sierra Nevada Corporation. Commercial crew flights will commence in 2018, and the first flight under the CRS2 program is currently planned for 2019.

Wiggins, Lindsay M.↗
NASA NTRS2018

Design Optimisation and Mass Saving of the Structure of the Orion-MPCV European Service Module

This paper presents an overview of the design optimisation measures that have been proposed and analysed in order to reduce the mass of the structure, including the MMOD (Micro-Meteoroid and Orbital Debris) protection system, of the ESM (European Service Module) for the “Orion” MPCV (Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle). Under an agreement between NASA and ESA, the NASA Orion MPCV for human space exploration missions will be powered by a European Service Module, based on the design and experience of the ATV (Automated Transfer Vehicle). The development and qualification of the European Service Module is managed and implemented by ESA. The ESM prime contractor and system design responsible is Airbus Defence and Space. Thales Alenia Space Italia is responsible for the design and integration of the ESM Structure and MMOD protection system in addition to the Thermal Control System and the Consumable Storage System. The Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle is a pressurized, crewed spacecraft that transports up to four crew members from the Earth’s surface to a nearby destination or staging point. Orion then brings the crew members safely back to the Earth’s surface at the end of the mission. Orion provides all services necessary to support the crew members while on-board for short duration missions (up to 21 days) or until they are transferred to another orbiting habitat. The ESM supports the crew module from launch through separation prior to re-entry by providing: in-space propulsion capability for orbital transfer, attitude control, and high altitude ascent aborts; water and oxygen/nitrogen needed for a habitable environment; and electrical power generation. In addition, it maintains the temperature of the vehicle's systems and components and offers space for unpressurized cargo and scientific payloads. The ESM has been designed for the first 2 Lunar orbit missions, EM-1 (Exploration mission 1) is an un-crewed flight planned around mid-2020, and EM-2, the first crewed flight, is planned in 2022. At the time where the first ESM is about to be weighted, the predicted mass lies slightly above the initial requirement. For future builds, mass reduction of the Service Module has been considered necessary. This is being investigated, together with other design improvements, in order to consolidate the ESM design and increase possible future missions beyond the first two Orion MPCV missions. The mass saving study has introduced new optimised structural concepts, optimisation of the MMOD protection shields, and optimised redesign of parts for manufacturing through AM (Additive Manufacturing).

Micro-Meteroids and Orbital Debris Protection Syst↗
NASA NTRS2019

Satellite Sounder Products in NASA GES DISC & Services Supporting Their Applications

The NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), in collaboration with NASA Sounder Team at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), provides processing, archiving, and distribution services for remotely-sensed data acquired by satellite sounders. Supported data sets begin chronologically with the legacy TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder (TOVS) Pathfinder, continue to the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS), a modern hyperspectral sounder onboard the Aqua satellite, and are followed by data from the subsequent Suomi-National Polar-orbiting Partnership Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) mission and the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) series CrIS missions. These satellite sounders provide long-term global observations of the atmospheric state, including temperature and humidity profiles, outgoing longwave radiation, cloud properties, and trace gases. Applications of sounder data products cover a broad range of fields, including meteorology climatology, hydrology, and air quality. The GES DISC has developed many services to assist users, including simplified and efficient methods for searching, accessing, downloading, and analytically exploring these satellite sounder data products. We have also developed the Giovanni system, a broadly used Web-based application, which provides a simple and intuitive way to visualize, analyze, and access Earth science remote sensing data. In this presentation, we will introduce the standard and near-real time sounder data products, and demonstrate our services through some use cases. Highlights of our service capabilities include data subset, vertical profile plot, inter-comparison, multi-year monthly/seasonal mean, interannual monthly/seasonal time series, and anomaly analysis.

Ding, Feng↗
NASA NTRS2020

On-Orbit Validation of a Framework for Spacecraft-Initiated Communication Service Requests with NASA's SCaN Testbed

We design, analyze, and experimentally validate a framework for demand-based allocation of high-performance space communication service in which the user spacecraft itself initiates a request for service. Leveraging machine-to-machine communications, the automated process has potential to improve the responsiveness and efficiency of space network operations. We propose an augmented ground station architecture in which a hemispherical-pattern antenna allows for reception of service requests sent from any user spacecraft within view. A suite of ground-based automation software acts upon these direct-to-Earth requests and allocates access to high-performance service through a ground station or relay satellite in response to immediate user demand. A software-defined radio transceiver, optimized for reception of weak signals from the helical antenna, is presented. Design and testing of signal processing equipment and a software framework to handle service requests is discussed. Preliminary results from on-orbit demonstrations with a testbed onboard the International Space Station are presented to verify feasibility of the concept.

Adam M Gannon↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Design of Space Systems to Enable In-space Assembly and Servicing

For several decades, NASA has employed in-space systems to enhance the performance and extend the useful life of operational orbital assets. In at least one case, an operational mission was not only enhanced, but enabled – the International Space Station was made possible by crewed and robotic in-space assembly, and continues to support installation and operation of new science and technology payloads. In several cases (Hubble Space Telescope, Intelsat 401, Westar and Palapa), major operational assets were rescued or repaired soon after launch when otherwise mission-ending anomalies occurred or were detected. In addition to the original rescue, Hubble was upgraded four times, enabling high-demand, world class science over four decades. More recently, two Northrop Grumman Mission Extension Vehicles have captured two Intelsat spacecraft near the end of their life and fuel capacity, to take over maneuvering duties. In spite of these recent operational achievements, and with the exception of large human exploration vehicles and large space telescopes, space architects rarely consider in-orbit servicing and assembly capabilities in their future planning. Technologies such as multi-launch mission architectures (and rendezvous and proximity operations systems), docking systems, external robotics, advanced tools, modular systems and structures, and fluid transfer systems are available today to support these missions. In-space manufacturing will soon be operational to enable resilient missions that recover from on-orbit failures, and expand the utilization of space. We envision a future that includes these capabilities, and discuss the cultural, engineering, and technological challenges to achieving this vision. We discuss the vision, the proverbial chicken and the egg (which came first, the serviceable spacecraft or the servicer?), the cost, risk, and perceptions thereof of in-space operations, a “spectrum” of cooperative servicing design considerations, and the current status of the space industry’s slow but steady march to widespread operational use of on-orbit servicing, assembly, and manufacturing.

Bo Naasz↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Lessons for Future In-Space Telerobotic Servicing from Robotic Refueling Mission

The Robotic Refueling Mission (RRM) was a multi-phased technology development effort by the National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA) and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA). The program leveraged the existing robotic systems and expertise of the International Space Station (ISS) program and the tool design and satellite servicing expertise of NASA’s Exploration & In-space Services (NExIS) Projects Division at Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) to evaluate new hardware and techniques for on-orbit telerobotic servicing. Between 2011 and 2021, two external ISS payloads housed over a dozen robotic tools and adapters designed to service a variety of existing and novel satellite interfaces. Robot operators at NASA’s Johnson Space Center (JSC) and CSA used the Special Purpose Dexterous Manipulator (SPDM) to retrieve and operate these tools for tasks such as cutting wires or multi-layer insulation blanketing, removing valve caps, mating electrical connectors, transferring fluids, and performing visual inspections inside a vehicle. Each phase of RRM involved years of preparation. Tool and interface designs were prototyped and evaluated using both NASA and Canadian ground robotic systems. Procedures were developed by GSFC engineers and vetted in partnership with JSC and CSA robot operators. GSFC engineers were trained to provide real-time support during on-orbit operations. These preparatory efforts and the successful on-orbit evaluations yielded an array of lessons for future in-space telerobotic missions. Designing robotic tools for the space environment requires special consideration of materials, indicators, and differences between ground and flight use cases and environments. When there is a limited window for on-orbit operations, devoting time and high-fidelity hardware to ground testing can be critical. Needs during potential troubleshooting are more essential to camera view quality, frame rate, and position requirements more than nominal operations. Detailed hardware manuals, nominal and contingency procedures, along with clearly defined operations team roles and protocols are vital for efficiency. RRM also demonstrated how the ISS can be utilized to increase the technology readiness levels required for future missions and led to additional technology partnerships between NExIS and the ISS program. The lessons from RRM are currently being applied to designs, operations concepts, and ground test methodology for missions such as On-orbit Servicing, Assembly, and Manufacturing1(OSAM-1)and Mars Sample Return.

Zakiya Tomlinson↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Accuracy Assessment of Two Gps Fidelity Prediction Services in Urban Terrain

Low altitude flight in urban areas is susceptible to degraded GNSS-based navigation system performance due to terrain interference with radio signals from orbital positioning satellites. Predictive navigation performance fidelity tools are needed a) in preflight planning to assist in the creation of safe flight paths and b) in-flight to provide contingency management agents with the navigation risk of proximal flight corridors. Two navigation fidelity prediction services are validated by comparison with over 6000 readings from GNSS sensors collected along a five-mile path through urban areas of Corpus Christi, Texas, on three dates in 2022. Predictions are based on satellite line of sight through 3D terrain data collected in 2018. Each service predicts a set of navigation fidelity metrics over a user-specified time period. One metric estimated by both is the number of visible satellites. A direct comparison of the number of predicted visible satellites with the number sensed by the receiver is used to validate the prediction services. Results show an exact match in the number of predicted satellites for 60% of the measurements, and a match within +/- 4 satellites for 95% of the measurements. As expected, agreement improves away from vertical blocking terrain. Most cases of mismatch are due a lower predicted count than measured (false negatives), and can be accounted for by receiver pickup of stray signals caused by multipath propagation. About 10% of mismatches are false positives and are mostly accounted for by foliage effects. The two services predict visibility of the same set of satellites 80% of the time, differ by two or less satellites 95% of the time, and can compute predictions for one hour of observations in one minute or less. Validation is analyzed statistically and in detailed case studies of selected observation times. The prediction services validated in this study run fast enough for preflight safety planning. The more stringent challenge of inflight navigation fidelity prediction for contingency management requires both a speedup of the current level of modeling and equally fast stray signal modeling.

Andrew Moore↗