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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 325 records · Page 18
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Preliminary Design of a Downstream Processing System for Protein Production in Space

Biomanufacturing is a promising technology to convert in situ resources into essential products including enzymes, therapeutics, biopolymers and other chemicals required to support deep-space missions that may not be easily supplied or produced by alternative means. In addition to the biomass production operations, vital down-stream steps including biomass harvesting/concentration, cell lysis, protein capture and purification are needed to produce an application-ready product. Commercially available terrestrial processes commonly require complex, heavy equipment and highly trained operators, which are not practical in deep space environments. In this work, we aim to identify approaches required to produce an intracellular, His-tagged recombinant enzyme using E. coli at 1 L production scales within the constraints of a deep-space mission as a model use-case scenario. Based on extensive literature review and commercially available products, we identified candidate technologies and products that could be integrated for deep space biomanufacturing. Different preliminary designs were then compared in terms of total system impacts on up-mass, processing time, and consumables required. Our analysis indicated that a biomass concentrator would significantly reduce the processing time and consumables required for the overall system without a large increase in the total mass. We also identified viable technologies for other steps such as cell lysis and protein purification. Predictions from our trade study will be validated in the laboratory by testing the most promising products with the results used to optimize the design. This research will help transfer technology that is well developed on Earth to a space-ready format to produce biological products from a wide variety of microorganisms that can support deep-space missions.

Biomanufacturing↗
DOE OSTI2020

Oxy-Combustion System Process Optimization

The overall objective of this work is to develop a new chemical absorbent-based, high pressure, CO 2 purification system to remove the residual oxygen that currently contaminates the recovered CO 2 , and to optimize the Pressurized Oxy-Combustion (POxC) process to minimize the Cost of Electricity (COE) generated in this advanced combustion process. TDA developed and validated the performance of the oxygen removal system for CO 2 purification. In collaboration with the Advanced Power & Energy Program (APEP) of University of California, Irvine (UCI), we optimized the POxC process, including thermal management, heat integration, and power cycle optimization using process design and modeling supported with Aspen Plus® process simulations. The techno-economic analysis results indicate that the pressurized oxycombustion coal power plant with Ion-transport membrane (ITM) air separation unit (ASU) (Case 2 – 30.55%) does not show an advantage over a cryogenic ASU (Case 1 – 31.24%) while TDA’s sorption-based ASU (Case 4 - 32.61%) shows a significant advantage over the cryogenic ASU (Case 1 – 331.24%). The specific plant costs show a wide range with a low of $2544/kW for Case 11C (TDA ASU, co-sequestering the SO x , and ultra-supercritical steam cycle) to a high of $2975/kW for Case 12A (cryogenic ASU and sCO 2 cycle). In general, the ITM ASU based cases have lower specific plant costs than the corresponding cryogenic ASU based cases while the TDA ASU based cases show the lowest specific plant costs. The main reason for lowering these costs is the higher overall plant thermal efficiency which decreases the plant cost on a $ per kW basis. Next comparing the cases with different power cycle working fluid conditions in terms of temperature and pressure while all utilizing steam, similar trends as the plant costs may be observed. However, with the supercritical CO 2 (sCO 2 ) cycle, the increase in thermal efficiency of the sCO 2 cycle was not able to offset its increase in plant cost making the plant costs higher than those of the corresponding steam cycle cases. The Cost of Electricity (COE) again shows similar trends as the specific plant costs. The COE for Case 11C at $110.1/MWh is also the lowest, but among all cases that do not co-sequester the SO x , Case 12C (TDA ASU and sCO 2 cycle) has the lowest COE at $\$$117.5/MWh while the highest is for Case 8A (cryogenic ASU and supercritical steam cycle) at $130.4/MWh.

20 FOSSIL-FUELED POWER PLANTS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Watermarks in stream processing systems: semantics and comparative analysis of Apache Flink and Google cloud dataflow

Streaming data processing is an exercise in taming disorder: from oftentimes huge torrents of information, we hope to extract powerful and timely analyses. But when dealing with streaming data, the unbounded and temporally disordered nature of real-world streams introduces a critical challenge: how does one reason about the completeness of a stream that never ends? In this paper, we present a comprehensive definition and analysis of watermarks, a key tool for reasoning about temporal completeness in infinite streams.First, we describe what watermarks are and why they are important, highlighting how they address a suite of stream processing needs that are poorly served by eventually-consistent approaches:• Computing a single correct answer, as in notifications.• Reasoning about a lack of data, as in dip detection.• Performing non-incremental processing over temporal subsets of an infinite stream, as in statistical anomaly detection with cubic spline models.• Safely and punctually garbage collecting obsolete inputs and intermediate state.• Surfacing a reliable signal of overall pipeline health.Second, we describe, evaluate, and compare the semantically equivalent, but starkly different, watermark implementations in two modern stream processing engines: Apache Flink and Google Cloud Dataflow.

Akidau, Tyler↗
NASA NTRS1995

Investigation of registration algorithms for the automatic tile processing system

The Robotic Tile Inspection System (RTPS), under development in NASA-KSC, is expected to automate the processes of post-flight re-water-proofing and the process of inspection of the Shuttle heat absorbing tiles. An important task of the robot vision sub-system is to register the 'real-world' coordinates with the coordinates of the robot model of the Shuttle tiles. The model coordinates relate to a tile data-base and pre-flight tile-images. In the registration process, current (post-flight) images are aligned with pre-flight images to detect the rotation and translation displacement required for the coordinate systems rectification. The research activities performed this summer included study and evaluation of the registration algorithm that is currently implemented by the RTPS, as well as, investigation of the utility of other registration algorithms. It has been found that the current algorithm is not robust enough. This algorithm has a success rate of less than 80% and is, therefore, not suitable for complying with the requirements of the RTPS. Modifications to the current algorithm has been developed and tested. These modifications can improve the performance of the registration algorithm in a significant way. However, this improvement is not sufficient to satisfy system requirements. A new algorithm for registration has been developed and tested. This algorithm presented very high degree of robustness with success rate of 96%.

Tamir, Dan E.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Frequency standard test facility data acquisition and processing system

The interim frequency standards test facility tests all frequency standards used in the DSN. It is also the central testing facility for testing all ultrastable hydrogen maser frequency standards. This proposed data acquisition/processing system was designed to support the IFSTF by acquiring and processing the large amounts of data generated there.

Knapp, L. J.↗
NASA NTRS1989

Preliminary concept for lunar exploration tracking and data acquisition and data processing systems

The NASA Office of Exploration is evaluating potential scenarios for an ambitious and complex mission to the moon. This paper sumarizes the initial system engineering analyses being performed to identify the communications, data processing, and navigational support required by these case studies. A feasible option for providing tracking and data acquisition using technology available in the 1990s is described.

Hei, Donald, Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1991

AR/D image processing system

General Dynamics has developed advanced hardware, software, and algorithms for use with the Tomahawk cruise missile and other unmanned vehicles. We have applied this technology to the problem of locating and determining the orientation of the docking port of a target vehicle with respect to an approaching spacecraft. The system described in this presentation utilizes a multi-processor based computer to digitize and process television imagery and extract parameters such as range to the target vehicle, approach, velocity, and pitch and yaw angles. The processor is based on the Inmos T-800 Transputer and is configured as a loosely coupled array. Each processor operates asynchronously and has its own local memory. This allows additional processors to be easily added if additional processing power is required for more complex tasks. Total system throughput is approximately 100 MIPS (scalar) and 60 MFLOPS and can be expanded as desired. The algorithm implemented on the system uses a unique adaptive thresholding technique to locate the target vehicle and determine the approximate position of the docking port. A target pattern surrounding the port is than analyzed in the imagery to determine the range and orientation of the target. This information is passed to an autopilot which uses it to perform course and speed corrections. Future upgrades to the processor are described which will enhance its capabilities for a variety of missions.

Wookey, Cathy↗
NASA NTRS1986

NASA Regional Planetary Image Facility image retrieval and processing system

The general design and analysis functions of the NASA Regional Planetary Image Facility (RPIF) image workstation prototype are described. The main functions of the MicroVAX II based workstation will be database searching, digital image retrieval, and image processing and display. The uses of the Transportable Applications Executive (TAE) in the system are described. File access and image processing programs use TAE tutor screens to receive parameters from the user and TAE subroutines are used to pass parameters to applications programs. Interface menus are also provided by TAE.

Slavney, Susan↗
NASA NTRS1975

ERIPS: Earth Resource Interactive Processing System

The ERIPS is an interactive computer system used in the analysis of remotely sensed data. It consists of a set of software programs which are executed on an IBM System/360 Model 75J computer under the direction of a trained analyst. The software was a derivative of the Purdue LARSYS program and has evolved to include an extensive pattern recognition system and a number of manipulative, preprocessing routines which prepare the imagery for the pattern recognition application. The original purpose of the system was to analyze remotely sensed data, to develop and perfect techniques to process the data, and to determine the feasibility of applying the data to significant earth resources problems. The System developed into a production system. Error recovery and multi-jobbing capabilities were added to the system.

Quinn, M. J.↗
NASA NTRS1986

An Ada implementation of the network manager for the advanced information processing system

From an implementation standpoint, the Ada language provided many features which facilitated the data and procedure abstraction process. The language supported a design which was dynamically flexible (despite strong typing), modular, and self-documenting. Adequate training of programmers requires access to an efficient compiler which supports full Ada. When the performance issues for real time processing are finally addressed by more stringent requirements for tasking features and the development of efficient run-time environments for embedded systems, the full power of the language will be realized.

Nagle, Gail A.↗
DOE OSTI2019

Water Processing System at Pilgrim Nuclear Station - 19665

Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station (PNPS) has been using reverse osmosis (RO) to process equipment and floor drain water to the condensate storage tank for 23 years. In 1996 a Thermex unit was designed, fabricated and installed by Chem-Nuclear Systems, now EnergySolutions. This unit consisted of a dual pass RO followed by ion exchange for polishing. In April 2017, PNPS and EnergySolutions commissioned a new Thermex unit consisting of a single pass RO followed by electrodeionization (EDI) for polishing. The new Thermex unit provides consistence product water quality meeting specifications for reactor reuse and lowering the amount of ion exchange usage when compared to the previous generation of Thermex. (author)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
NASA NTRS1988

Radar-Data-Processing System

Report describes radar data system at NASA Western Aeronautical Test Range. System provides real-time and recorded data about flightpaths of research aircraft and Space Shuttle. Called RADATS, processes data from three radars simultaneously; interacts with system operator; enhances data by introducing corrections and smoothing; controls range, azimuth, and elevation of radars; and automatically calibrates itself before and after missions. Software classified into three kinds of programs: utility, real-time, and calibration. Equipment exhibited exceptional reliability. Software matured to become virtually trouble-free.

Anderson, Karl F.↗
NASA NTRS1994

Telecommunications issues of intelligent database management for ground processing systems in the EOS era

Future NASA earth science missions, including the Earth Observing System (EOS), will be generating vast amounts of data that must be processed and stored at various locations around the world. Here we present a stepwise-refinement of the intelligent database management (IDM) of the distributed active archive center (DAAC - one of seven regionally-located EOSDIS archive sites) architecture, to showcase the telecommunications issues involved. We develop this architecture into a general overall design. We show that the current evolution of protocols is sufficient to support IDM at Gbps rates over large distances. We also show that network design can accommodate a flexible data ingestion storage pipeline and a user extraction and visualization engine, without interference between the two.

Touch, Joseph D.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Data management in pattern recognition and image processing systems

Data management considerations are important to any system which handles large volumes of data or where the manipulation of data is technically sophisticated. A particular problem is the introduction of image-formatted files into the mainstream of data processing application. This report describes a comprehensive system for the manipulation of image, tabular, and graphical data sets which involve conversions between the various data types. A key characteristic is the use of image processing technology to accomplish data management tasks. Because of this, the term 'image-based information system' has been adopted.

Zobrist, A. L.↗