Search NASA⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search NASA

Results for “science measurements”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 325 records · Page 18
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS2009

TRMM .25 deg x .25 deg Gridded Precipitation Text Product

Since the launch of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), the Precipitation Measurement Missions science team has endeavored to provide TRMM precipitation retrievals in a variety of formats that are more easily usable by the broad science community than the standard Hierarchical Data Format (HDF) in which TRMM data is produced and archived. At the request of users, the Precipitation Processing System (PPS) has developed a .25 x .25 gridded product in an easily used ASCII text format. The entire TRMM mission data has been made available in this format. The paper provides the details of this new precipitation product that is designated with the TRMM designator 3G68.25. The format is packaged into daily files. It provides hourly precipitation information from the TRMM microwave imager (TMI), precipitation radar (PR), and TMI/PR combined rain retrievals. A major advantage of this approach is the inclusion only of rain data, compression when a particular grid has no rain from the PR or combined, and its direct ASCII text format. For those interested only in rain retrievals and whether rain is convection or stratiform, these products provide a huge reduction in the data volume inherent in the standard TRMM products. This paper provides examples of the 3G68 data products and their uses. It also provides information about C tools that can be used to aggregate daily files into larger time samples. In addition, it describes the possibilities inherent in the spatial sampling which allows resampling into coarser spatial sampling. The paper concludes with information about downloading the gridded text data products.

Stocker, Erich↗
NASA NTRS2000

NASA Tech Briefs, June 2000

Topics include: Computer-Aided Design and Engineering; Electronic Components and Circuits; Electronic Systems; Test and Measurement; Physical Sciences; Materials; Computer Programs; Computers and Peripherals;

Source record↗
NASA NTRS2000

NASA Tech Briefs, July 2000

Topics covered include: Data Acquisition; Computer-Aided Design and Engineering; Electronic Components and Circuits; Electronic Systems; Test and Measurement; Physical Sciences; Materials; Computer Programs; Mechanics; Machinery/Automation; Manufacturing/Fabrication; Mathematics and Information Sciences; Life Sciences; Books and Reports.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS2000

NASA Tech Briefs, November 2000

Topics covered include: Computer-Aided Design and Engineering; Electronic Components and Circuits; Electronic Systems; Test and Measurement; Physical Sciences; Materials; Computer Programs; Mechanics; Machinery/Automation; Manufacturing/Fabrication; Mathematics and Information Sciences; Data Acquisition.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS2012

Development of the ECOSAR P-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar

This paper describes objectives and recent progress on the development of the EcoSAR, a new P-band airborne radar instrument being developed at the NASA/ Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) for the polarimetric and interferometric measurements of ecosystem structure and biomass. These measurements support science requirements for the study of the carbon cycle and its relationship to climate change. The instrument is scheduled to be completed and flight tested in 2013. Index Terms SAR, Digital Beamforming, Interferometry.

Rincon, R. F.↗
NASA NTRS2013

Estimating Torque Imparted on Spacecraft Using Telemetry

There have been a number of missions with spacecraft flying by planetary moons with atmospheres; there will be future missions with similar flybys. When a spacecraft such as Cassini flies by a moon with an atmosphere, the spacecraft will experience an atmospheric torque. This torque could be used to determine the density of the atmosphere. This is because the relation between the atmospheric torque vector and the atmosphere density could be established analytically using the mass properties of the spacecraft, known drag coefficient of objects in free-molecular flow, and the spacecraft velocity relative to the moon. The density estimated in this way could be used to check results measured by science instruments. Since the proposed methodology could estimate disturbance torque as small as 0.02 N-m, it could also be used to estimate disturbance torque imparted on the spacecraft during high-altitude flybys.

Lee, Allan Y.↗
NASA NTRS2013

Execution-Error Modeling and Analysis of the GRAIL Spacecraft Pair

The GRAIL spacecraft, Ebb and Flow (aka GRAIL-A and GRAIL-B), completed their prime mission in June and extended mission in December 2012. The excellent performance of the propulsion and attitude control subsystems contributed significantly to the mission's success. In order to better understand this performance, the Navigation Team has analyzed and refined the execution-error models for delta-v maneuvers. There were enough maneuvers in the prime mission to form the basis of a model update that was used in the extended mission. This paper documents the evolution of the execution-error models along with the analysis and software used.

preprocessing↗
NASA NTRS2019

Testbed Requirements to Enable New Observing Strategies

Emerging capabilities to integrate instruments on smallsats, airborne platforms and in situ devices into an intelligent, distributed observing strategy show great promise for measuring Earth science natural phenomena and physical processes that have not previously been characterized. To reduce the threshold for success in deploying such an intelligent, integrated observing strategy, a ground-based testbed system is proposed. Virtually all of the technologies needed for using such a tool have matured to the point of being used, individually. Virtually none of the technologies have been deployed, working together. The technologies to be deployed should be integrated into a working "breadboard" where the components can be debugged and performance and behavior characterized and tuned-up. A system of this complexity should not be expected to work without full integration and experimental characterization. Further, and perhaps more importantly, in order to successfully propose a space-based element to this strategy, teams must convince the relevant science community that the risk is low enough to warrant the investment. The main benefit of the testbed is to retire the risk of integrating these new technologies and increase the Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of each component as well as the System Readiness Level (SRL) of the integrated system.

Little, Mike↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Relative Detectability of Iron-Bearing Phases for the Mars 2020 Sherloc Deep UV Raman Instrument: 1. Focusing on Carbonates

A deep ultraviolet (DUV) Raman and fluorescence instrument is a surface standoff instrument mounted on the robotic arm of the Mars 2020 (M2020) rover Perseverance, and it is a key element of the Scanning Habitable Environments with Luminescence for Organics and Chemicals (SHERLOC) investigation [1]. Measurement and science objectives include mineralogical and organic images (~100 μm/pixel) that map sub-millimeter spatial distributions and characterization of primary and secondary minerals, potential organics, and their interaction/alteration products. The results of data analysis pertain to understanding igneous and alteration processes on Mars through time, assessing habitability, evidencing in situ biosignatures, and, along with results from other Perseverance instruments, selecting samples to cache for Mars sample return. Acceptance of the SHERLOC investigation for the NASA M2020 mission [2] created a need for Mars-relevant DUV Raman spectra, particularly for inorganic materials [e.g., 3, 4]. As reported previously [e.g., 4, 5], phases with Fe cations as essential elements (e.g., siderite (FeCO3) and ankerite (FeCa(CO3)2) for carbonates) significantly hinder detection by DUV Raman because of intense absorption of incident and scattered DUV laser radiation by Fe cations. We report here the relative detectability of carbonates (Mg,Ca,Fe,Mn)CO3 by DUV Raman using a SHERLOC analog laboratory instrument.

R V Morris↗
NASA NTRS1998

On the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM): Bringing NASA's Earth System Science Program to the Classroom

The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission is the first mission dedicated to measuring tropical and subtropical rainfall using a variety of remote sensing instrumentation, including the first spaceborne rain-measuring radar. Since the energy released when tropical rainfall occurs is a primary "fuel" supply for the weather and climate "engine"; improvements in computer models which predict future weather and climate states may depend on better measurements of global tropical rainfall and its energy. In support of the STANYS conference theme of Education and Space, this presentation focuses on one aspect of NASA's Earth Systems Science Program. We seek to present an overview of the TRMM mission. This overview will discuss the scientific motivation for TRMM, the TRMM instrument package, and recent images from tropical rainfall systems and hurricanes. The presentation also targets educational components of the TRMM mission in the areas of weather, mathematics, technology, and geography that can be used by secondary school/high school educators in the classroom.

Shepherd, J. Marshall↗
NASA NTRS1998

IMAGE Mission Science

Simultaneous, global measurement of major magnetospheric plasma systems will be performed for the first time with the Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration (IMAGE) Mission. The ring current, plasmasphere, and auroral systems will be imaged using energetic neutral and ultraviolet cameras. Quantitative remote measurement of the magnetosheath, plasmaspheric, and magnetospheric densities will be obtained through radio sounding by the Radio Plasma Imager. The IMAGE Mission will open a new era in global magnetospheric physics, while bringing with it new challenges in data analysis. An overview of the IMAGE Theory and Modeling team efforts will be presented, including the state of development of Internet tools that will be available to the science community for access and analysis of IMAGE observations.

Gallagher, D. L.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Satellite altimetric measurements of the ocean. Report of the TOPEX Science Working Group

The scientific usefulness of satellite measurements of ocean topography for the study of ocean circulation was investigated. The following topics were studied: (1) scientific problems which use altimetric measurements of ocean topography; (2) the extent in which in situ measurements are complementary or required; (3) accuracy, precision, and spatial and temporal resolutions which are required of the topographic measurements; (4) errors associated with measurement techniques; and (5) influences of these errors on scientific problems. An operational system for measuring ocean topography, was defined and the cost of conducting such a topographic experiment, was estimated.

Stewart, R.↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Active Optical Remote Sensing Sensors and Instrumentation for NASA’s Future Earth and Space Science Measurements/Missions

STRIVES Entry: 20230013683, Abstract—Active optical (Laser/Lidar) measurement techniques are critical for the future National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Earth, Planetary Science, Exploration, and Aeronautics measurements. The latest science decadal surveys recommend several missions requiring active optical systems to meet the science measurement objectives and the aeronautics community continues to use Laser/Lidar technologies to meet the aeronautics measurement objectives. This presentation will provide an overview of NASA efforts in developing and maturing state-of-the-art advanced solid-state flight laser/lidar systems for airborne and space-borne remote sensing measurements. The presentation will also provide details of a strategic approach for active optical technologies and techniques to meet the NASA’s future Earth and Space Science measurements/missions needs and requirements for space-based applications.

NASA's Future↗
NASA NTRS2009

Approach to Managing MeaSURES Data at the GSFC Earth Science Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC)

A major need stated by the NASA Earth science research strategy is to develop long-term, consistent, and calibrated data and products that are valid across multiple missions and satellite sensors. (NASA Solicitation for Making Earth System data records for Use in Research Environments (MEaSUREs) 2006-2010) Selected projects create long term records of a given parameter, called Earth Science Data Records (ESDRs), based on mature algorithms that bring together continuous multi-sensor data. ESDRs, associated algorithms, vetted by the appropriate community, are archived at a NASA affiliated data center for archive, stewardship, and distribution. See http://measures-projects.gsfc.nasa.gov/ for more details. This presentation describes the NASA GSFC Earth Science Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC) approach to managing the MEaSUREs ESDR datasets assigned to GES DISC. (Energy/water cycle related and atmospheric composition ESDRs) GES DISC will utilize its experience to integrate existing and proven reusable data management components to accommodate the new ESDRs. Components include a data archive system (S4PA), a data discovery and access system (Mirador), and various web services for data access. In addition, if determined to be useful to the user community, the Giovanni data exploration tool will be made available to ESDRs. The GES DISC data integration methodology to be used for the MEaSUREs datasets is presented. The goals of this presentation are to share an approach to ESDR integration, and initiate discussions amongst the data centers, data managers and data providers for the purpose of gaining efficiencies in data management for MEaSUREs projects.

Vollmer, Bruce↗
NASA NTRS2020

Status of NASA’s stellar astrometry testbeds for exoplanet detection: Science and technology overview

Accurate measurement of exoplanetary masses is a critical step in addressing key aspects of NASA's science vision. Measuring masses of Earth-analogs around FGK stars out to 10 pc requires sub-microarcsecond astrometric accuracy, which is not within the capabilities of current instrumentation. Thus, new technology will be required to build an astrometric instrument capable of achieving such performance. This will immediately empower the possibility for dedicated astrometric missions, and perhaps most enticing, it will enable astrometric observing modes to be added (with relatively low cost and impact) to any mission boasting a sufficiently stable direct imaging platform. In this paper, we provide an overview of the scientifi?c goals and technology utilized on two of NASA's astrometry testbeds dedicated to advancing stellar astrometry for exoplanet detection. The ?first one, located at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), is dedicated to imaging stellar astrometry on sparse ?fields. The goal of this testbed is to mature the Diffractive Pupil (DP) technology to TRL-5, demonstrating high-?fidelity performance in a relevant environment. This testbed operates in a vacuum tank at the High Contrast Imaging Testbed (HCIT) at JPL. The second testbed, located at NASA Ames Research Center, is dedicated to advancing narrow angle relative astrometry to detect exoplanets around nearby binary stars. The key technology in this testbed is a DP specially designed to measure the angle between two sources on the sky. This testbed operates in air and aims to bring this technology to TRL-4.

Guyon, Olivier↗