RESULTS OF SOME WIND TUNNEL AND FLIGHT STUDIES WITH HELICOPTERS AT NASA
Wind-tunnel tests and analytical studies which indicate power requirements of tandem-rotor helicopters in forward flight
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Wind-tunnel tests and analytical studies which indicate power requirements of tandem-rotor helicopters in forward flight
Test results from studies of small and large powered models of a dual, tandem, ducted-propeller VTOL design are reviewed, with emphasis on stability and control characteristics through the transition speed range. The characteristics are generally satisfactory. Stability augmentation may be required to reduce Dutch roll tendencies. Further study is needed to evaluate the apparently large side-force gradients in sideslip. Reductions in control effectiveness due to ground proximity are similar to those for tilt-wing V /STOL designs.
Tandem column gas-liquid chromatography labeling technique for mass spectrometry, noting ketones exchange and data on deutrium and oxygen compounds
Increased turbine rotor blade loading through use of boundary layer control devices - vortex generator, tangential slot blowing, tandem airfoil, and jet flap
Lattice column, made up of many individually collapsible sections connected in tandem, rapidly raises measuring instruments to a level appreciably above that where data is to be recorded and evaluated. The column may be collapsed by collapsing each section in sequence and is deployed by extending each section in sequence.
Turbine blade loading in terms of surface diffusion and loading factors, discussing tandem and jet flap blades and vortex generators
Performance prediction for tandem stages of space propulsion systems in interplanetary flight
Aircraft wheel spray drag alleviator for dual tandem landing gear
Tangential jet, tandem, jet flap and vortex generator blade concepts investigated for turbine blade loading efficiency
Turbine blade designs considered for increasing load capacity covering tandem, jet-blade and base plain blade configurations and test results
Two or more tandem amplifier stages, one of which is tuned, added to a circuit permit tuning an oscillator over frequency range of six decades. Oscillator operates in distributed mode for increased frequency stability. Within practical limitations, stability increases by increasing number of tuned stages.
Developing mathematical model for tandem rotor helicopter for analysis of automatic approach and landing system
NASTRAN computer program differential stiffness and static load analysis methods compared for aircraft tandem side opening canopies
Tests were conducted in the NASA Langley continuous flow, variable density and Mach 20 helium tunnels. The orbiter was tested alone and with various side and tandem mounted tanks. Test conditions spanned a Reynolds number range which resulted in both laminar and turbulent flows. Experimental studies also examined the heat transfer problems associated with integration of the auxiliary propulsion system into the orbiter. Tests in the hypersonic shock tunnel investigated heating to cavities and heating from single and multiple hydrogen-oxygen plumes while tests, run as part of the configuration evaluation, examined the heating to wing pods.
Use of a Fabry-Perot interferometer in a Ramsay mount in tandem with an echelle Hilger monochromator with pinholes instead of slits. The instrument, URSIES, is enclosed within a pressure chamber filled with Freon. Photoelectric pulse counting techniques and pressure scanning are used to record the spectrum. This design has four basic advantages: (1) the resolution of the scanner is variable from 5.0 to 0.005 A, and the effective wavelength range is quite broad, from 3500 to 13,000 A; (2) a light gain of ten over conventional grating scanners at resolutions of 0.1 A or better is achieved; (3) very low levels of light from outside the wavelength passband reach the detector; for a resolution of 0.03 A at 6000 A this level is 5%; and (4) there are very low levels of scattered light from the pinholes when extended sources are observed. The scattered light from the instrument at the edge of the solar disk is found to be less than 1% from 4000 to 11,000 A. Measurements demonstrating these advantages are discussed.
An investigation of a winged booster model having canards and an ascent configuration comprised of the booster mounted in tandem with an orbiter model has been conducted at Mach 10.2 in the continuous flow hypersonic tunnel. Longitudinal and lateral directional force characteristics were obtained over angle of attack ranges of -12 deg to 60 deg for the booster and -11 deg to 11 deg for the ascent configuration. Interference heating effects on the booster using the phase-change coating technique were determined at 0 deg angle of attack. Some oil flow photographs of the isolated booster and orbiter and ascent configuration are also presented.
The Small, High-Pressure-Ratio Compressor Program was directed toward the analysis, design, and fabrication of a centrifugal compressor providing a 6:1 pressure ratio and an airflow rate of 2.0 pounds per second. The program consists of preliminary design, detailed areodynamic design, mechanical design, and mechanical acceptance tests. The preliminary design evaluate radial- and backward-curved blades, tandem bladed impellers, impeller-and diffuser-passage boundary-layer control, and vane, pipe, and multiple-stage diffusers. Based on this evaluation, a configuration was selected for detailed aerodynamic and mechanical design. Mechanical acceptance test was performed to demonstrate that mechanical design objectives of the research package were met.
This paper is concerned with the problem of designing a controller for a complex dynamical system using output feedback. The system selected for the study is the Boeing-Vertol CH-46 tandem rotor helicopter. Feedback gains are obtained by a least square solution of the nonlinear equations derived from pole-placement theory.