In situ vacuum testing - A must for certain elastomeric materials.
In situ vacuum testing requirement for valid measurement of vacuum induced changes in mechanical and thermal properties of various filled elastomers
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In situ vacuum testing requirement for valid measurement of vacuum induced changes in mechanical and thermal properties of various filled elastomers
Vacuum spark light source for extreme UV noting mechanical trigger, compatibility with clean vacuum system and magnetic confinement of ions
Pressure measurements and gas flow analysis during thermal vacuum tests of manned spacecraft indicating adequate space vacuum simulation
Double-wall vacuum chamber can be separated from the remainder of the system and pumped by ultra-clean techniques. Ultrahigh vacuum is maintained by the cryogenic effect of a cold wall and titanium chemisorption.
Comparative tests are described for optical degradation in vacuum systems served by oil-type or ion-type pumping operation. Results show that degradation occurs only during ultraviolet irradiation in vacuum systems with oil-type pumping systems and that it increases with exposure time. Degradation does not occur with ion systems.
Combination of ultrahigh vacuum monochromator with ultrahigh vacuum reflectometer for measuring optical constants of solids
Pressure measurements and gas flow analysis during thermal vacuum tests of manned spacecraft indicating adequate space vacuum simulation
Ultrahigh vacuum calibration system for vacuum gages and mass spectrometers based on pressure attenuation and molecular beam techniques
Thin, compact, high-vacuum gate valve used to join two vacuum systems together demonstrates multiple operation reliability. Valve measurements and non-protruding handle make valve usable in confined areas.
Very high vacuum terrestrial mineral beneficiation methods transferred to vacuum ambient of lunar surface
Composition, properties, and applications of superalloys and techniques for vacuum melting and vacuum casting procedures
Graphite properties in high and ultrahigh vacuum, suggesting use as electrode material in vacuum gages and residual gas analyzers
Extensive analytical studies and testing have been conducted on bearings and sliprings in vacuum at temperatures from 30 to 130 F. Thirty-six bearings lubricated with two types of oil were tested in vacuum of less than 10 to the minus 8th power torr at speeds from 55 to 180 rpm. Temperatures, load, speed, and oil viscosity were varied to evaluate the effects on life and wear. All bearings performed successfully during a 7-month test, and the potential merits of the two oils were compared. Over 25 different, dry-lubricated brush/slipring material combinations have been tested, with variations of brush and ring design and surface speed. Test results indicate the probability of 10 years or more of slipring and brush lifetime with properly designed brushes for 1-in.-diameter ring rotating at 60 rpm.
The sampler utilizes permanent magnets and soft metal pole pieces to connect the cone/filter assembly to the sampling head and vacuum supply. The cone/filter assembly is packaged in a plastic container and presterilized so that the need for any human contact during the sampling procedure is completely eliminated. Microbiological tests have demonstrated that the sampling efficiency is not affected by the magnetic coupling apparatus and that the probe appears to function as efficiently as the conventional plastic and Sandia vacuum probes.
An approach for developing a general thermal vacuum test program philosophy is discussed. Guidelines are established that will assist the project engineer in relating the risk associated with flying any spacecraft to its test program. Computerized techniques can be used to help ascertain these guidelines, which relate the risk to the level of test (component, subsystem, etc), as well as to the type of test (development, qualification, etc). The interrelationship between the test program and the analytical effort is also discussed. The Skylab Apollo telescope mount general thermal vacuum test program, including test schedules, instrumentation, and test results is also discussed.
A program was conducted to evaluate an in situ dynamic modulus measurement on a solid propellant exposed to vacuum environment. The prediction of long-term vacuum exposure effects is examined.
The mechanical problems associated with testing the two high-heat load pipes are discussed. One of these pipes was tested three times before being accepted. The first test resulted in the discovery of non-condensable hydrogen gas, which prevented the pipe from functioning properly. The second test was a repeat of the first, to see if all the gas had been removed. The third test was to see if any changes had occurred to the pipe as a result of saddle modifications. Saddle modifications were necessary because the epoxy binding agent between the saddles and the pipe had decomposed during the testing. The test problems discussed deal with the specially designed heat-removal devices, the mobile tilt table, the table position indicator, and the heat input mechanisms, all of which were necessary to conduct a high-heat load, thermal-vacuum test. The final results showed that the techniques used were adequate for thermal-vacuum testing of heat pipes.
Use of the spectral radiation emitted from a dense hydrogen plasma of at least 12,000 K, which is in local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE), as a light source for vacuum UV radiometry. Its spectroscopic qualities are exactly known, and except for a few strongly Stark-broadened Lyman lines, its spectrum in the vacuum UV is essentially continuous. The calculated continuum output of this source for typical operating conditions is compared with the UV output of the tungsten strip lamp and the carbon arc.