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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 343 records · Page 19
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2012

Proton Radiography: Its uses and Resolution Scaling

Los Alamos National Laboratory has used high energy protons as a probe in flash radiography for over a decade. In this time the proton radiography project has used 800 MeV protons, provided by the LANSCE accelerator facility at LANL, to diagnose over five-hundred dynamic experiments in support of stockpile stewardship programs as well as basic materials science. Through this effort significant experience has been gained in using charged particles as direct radiographic probes to diagnose transient systems. The results of this experience will be discussed through the presentation of data from experiments recently performed at the LANL pRad.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2016

Optics for Advanced Neutron Imaging and Scattering

During the report period, we continued the work as outlined in the original proposal. We have analyzed potential optical designs of Wolter mirrors for the neutron-imaging instrument VENUS, which is under construction at SNS. In parallel, we have conducted the initial polarized imaging experiment at Helmholtz Zentrum, Berlin, one of very few of currently available polarized-imaging facilities worldwide.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Improvement in the spatial resolution of heavy ion beam probe measurements through application of ion optics

A technique for more accurately modeling and improving the spatial resolution of heavy ion beam probe measurements is described. We use a set of particle trajectories to numerically determine the focusing properties of a complicated three-dimensional magnetic field and characterize those properties with a transfer matrix. We then modify the transfer matrix approach of traditional ion optics to include a parameter that describes the ionization location of the detected ions. The ion optics model calculated using this technique enables a more accurate description of the particle trajectories than previously feasible. The model also allows one to easily determine an initial beam focus that could be used during experimental operation to optimize the spatial resolution of measurements. The technique has been applied to the design of a heavy ion beam probe diagnostic for the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator and improvements in the modeled spatial resolution by a factor of about 2 over previous estimates are possible. As a result, the improved spatial resolution will enable measurements of plasma fluctuations with smaller wavelengths than would otherwise be possible.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Track-structure investigations: A supplement to microdosimetry

We conceived and developed an experimental apparatus able to measure the track structure (the spatial distribution of the points of ionizing collisions) of light ions, allowing the investigation of the track-core and penumbra regions separately. The device is based on single-electron counting technique, and simulates a target volume V of about 20 nm in diameter that can be moved with respect to a narrow primary particle beam, allowing the measurement of the ionization-cluster-size distribution as a function of the impact parameter. The experimental set up is mounted at the Tandem-Alpi LNL particle accelerator complex. The goal of the experiment is to investigate the formation of ionization-cluster-size distributions caused in a nanometre-sized volume by different light ions of medical interest (protons, lithium ions and carbon ions), when penetrating through or passing by the target volume at a specified distance.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
NASA NTRS1997

Microgravity Environment Description Handbook

The Microgravity Measurement and Analysis Project (MMAP) at the NASA Lewis Research Center (LeRC) manages the Space Acceleration Measurement System (SAMS) and the Orbital Acceleration Research Experiment (OARE) instruments to measure the microgravity environment on orbiting space laboratories. These laboratories include the Spacelab payloads on the shuttle, the SPACEHAB module on the shuttle, the middeck area of the shuttle, and Russia's Mir space station. Experiments are performed in these laboratories to investigate scientific principles in the near-absence of gravity. The microgravity environment desired for most experiments would have zero acceleration across all frequency bands or a true weightless condition. This is not possible due to the nature of spaceflight where there are numerous factors which introduce accelerations to the environment. This handbook presents an overview of the major microgravity environment disturbances of these laboratories. These disturbances are characterized by their source (where known), their magnitude, frequency and duration, and their effect on the microgravity environment. Each disturbance is characterized on a single page for ease in understanding the effect of a particular disturbance. The handbook also contains a brief description of each laboratory.

DeLombard, Richard↗
DOE OSTI2012

Hard x-ray monochromator with milli-electron volt bandwidth for high-resolution diffraction studies of diamond crystals

We report on design and performance of a high-resolution x-ray monochromator with a spectral bandwidth of {Delta}E{sub X}{approx_equal} 1.5 meV, which operates at x-ray energies in the vicinity of the backscattering (Bragg) energy E{sub H} = 13.903 keV of the (008) reflection in diamond. The monochromator is utilized for high-energy-resolution diffraction characterization of diamond crystals as elements of advanced x-ray crystal optics for synchrotrons and x-ray free-electron lasers. The monochromator and the related controls are made portable such that they can be installed and operated at any appropriate synchrotron beamline equipped with a pre-monochromator.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2013

A pepper-pot emittance meter for low-energy heavy-ion beams

A novel emittance meter has been developed to measure the four-dimensional, transverse phase-space distribution of a low-energy ion beam using the pepper-pot technique. A characteristic feature of this instrument is that the pepper-pot plate, which has a linear array of holes in the vertical direction, is scanned horizontally through the ion beam. This has the advantage that the emittance can also be measured at locations along the beam line where the beam has a large horizontal divergence. A set of multi-channel plates, scintillation screen, and ccd camera is used as a position-sensitive ion detector allowing a large range of beam intensities that can be handled. This paper describes the design, construction, and operation of the instrument as well as the data analysis used to reconstruct the four-dimensional phase-space distribution of an ion beam. Measurements on a 15 keV He{sup +} beam are used as an example.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2012

The soft x-ray instrument for materials studies at the linac coherent light source x-ray free-electron laser

The soft x-ray materials science instrument is the second operational beamline at the linac coherent light source x-ray free electron laser. The instrument operates with a photon energy range of 480-2000 eV and features a grating monochromator as well as bendable refocusing mirrors. A broad range of experimental stations may be installed to study diverse scientific topics such as: ultrafast chemistry, surface science, highly correlated electron systems, matter under extreme conditions, and laboratory astrophysics. Preliminary commissioning results are presented including the first soft x-ray single-shot energy spectrum from a free electron laser.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Deuterated Liquid Scintillators: A New Tool for Neutron Measurements

The response of large (4x6) deuterated liquid scintillators (up to 10 cm diameter by 15 cm) to neutrons in the energy range from 0.5 MeV to 20 MeV has been studied using several nuclear reactions, including d(d,n), and {sup 12}C(d,n){sup 13}N, at the University of Notre Dame FN tandem accelerator. The latter two reactions utilized 9 MeV and 16 MeV deuteron beams, including a pulsed beam that also permitted time-of-flight (ToF) measurements. Combining pulse-shape discrimination and (ToF) allows gating on specific neutron energy groups to determine the detector response to specific neutron energies. Newly-obtained and optimized pulse shape discrimination using digitized pulse analysis from these detectors will be presented in this paper. These measurements confirmed the ability of these detectors to provide useful neutron spectra without ToF.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2015

UT-NE Radiation Instrumentation Research Group Meeting: An Update on Progress

The purpose of this project is to design a system to image large and/or thick objects with high dynamic ranges using an intensified, charge coupled device (CCD) camera and a fast-pulsed, high energy neutron source; Improve image resolution by reducing scatter; and Design ultra-fast scintillator using nanotechnology to allow for better timing (and thus better scatter rejection).

07 ISOTOPE AND RADIATION SOURCES↗
DOE OSTI2011

ILC Instrumentation R&D at SCIPP

The Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics (SCIPP) continues to be engaged in research and development towards an ILC detector. The latest efforts at SCIPP are described, including those associated with the LSTFE front-end readout ASIC, the use of charge division to obtain a longitudinal coordinate from silicon strip detectors, and the contribution of strip resistance to readout noise.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2012

A high resolution and large solid angle x-ray Raman spectroscopy end-station at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource

We present a new x-ray Raman spectroscopy end-station recently developed, installed, and operated at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource. The end-station is located at wiggler beamline 6-2 equipped with two monochromators-Si(111) and Si(311) as well as collimating and focusing optics. It consists of two multi-crystal Johann type spectrometers arranged on intersecting Rowland circles of 1 m diameter. The first one, positioned at the forward scattering angles (low-q), consists of 40 spherically bent and diced Si(110) crystals with 100 mm diameters providing about 1.9% of 4{pi} sr solid angle of detection. When operated in the (440) order in combination with the Si (311) monochromator, an overall energy resolution of 270 meV is obtained at 6462.20 eV. The second spectrometer, consisting of 14 spherically bent Si(110) crystal analyzers (not diced), is positioned at the backward scattering angles (high-q) enabling the study of non-dipole transitions. The solid angle of this spectrometer is about 0.9% of 4{pi} sr, with a combined energy resolution of 600 meV using the Si (311) monochromator. These features exceed the specifications of currently existing relevant instrumentation, opening new opportunities for the routine application of this photon-in/photon-out hard x-ray technique to emerging research in multidisciplinary scientific fields, such as energy-related sciences, material sciences, physical chemistry, etc.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗