Philosophy and practices of reliability as applied in the design of the Saturn instrumentation system.
Saturn launch vehicles airborne measuring and telemetry instrumentation systems design for reliable operation during short periods
Griffin, M. A.↗
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Verification of the Apollo real-time mission program.
Operational reliability verification of Apollo real time mission program and testing structure, discussing environment, processing, controls, response criteria, etc
Schnurbusch, J. V.↗
Design and development of a fast scan infrared detection and measurement instrument
Infrared microscope instrument measures and plots the infrared profile of semiconductor chips, transistors and integrated circuits. Infrared analyses yields information on electrical and physical properties, enabling manufacturing improvements in semiconductor performance and reliability. Operational performance and main sections of the instrument are given.
Dostoomian, A. S.↗
Ultrathin gate valve for high vacuum operation
Thin, compact, high-vacuum gate valve used to join two vacuum systems together demonstrates multiple operation reliability. Valve measurements and non-protruding handle make valve usable in confined areas.
Ugiansky, R. J.↗
Electronic circuit detects left ventricular ejection events in cardiovascular system
Electronic circuit processes arterial blood pressure waveform to produce discrete signals that coincide with beginning and end of left ventricular ejection. Output signals provide timing signals for computers that monitor cardiovascular systems. Circuit operates reliably for heart rates between 50 and 200 beats per minute.
Gebben, V. D.↗
Study of aircraft in intraurban transportation systems, volume 3
An investigation of three aircraft concepts, deflected slipstream STOL, helicopter VTOL, and fixed wing STOL, is presented. An attempt was made to determine the best concept for the intraurban transportation system. Desirability of the concept was based on ease of maintenance, development timing, reliability, operating costs, and the noise produced. Indications are that the deflected slipstream STOL is best suited for intraurban transportation. Tables and graphs are included.
Stout, E. G.↗
A study of multiplex data bus techniques for the space shuttle
A comprehensive technology base for the design of a multiplexed data bus subsystem is provided. Extensive analyses, both analytical and empirical, were performed. Subjects covered are classified under the following headings: requirements identification and analysis; transmission media studies; signal design and detection studies; synchronization, timing, and control studies; user-subsystem interface studies; operational reliability analyses; design of candidate data bus configurations; and evaluation of candidate data bus designs.
Kearney, R. J.↗
Fracture and crack growth resistance studies of 304 stainless steel weldments relating to retesting of cryogenic vessels
Fracture and crack growth resistance characteristics of 304 stainless steel alloy weldments as relating to retesting of cryogenic vessels were examined. Welding procedures were typical of those used in full scale vessel fabrication. Fracture resistance survey tests were conducted in room temperature air, liquid nitrogen and liquid hydrogen. In air, both surface-flawed and center-cracked panels containing cracks in weld metal, fusion line, heat-affected zone, or parent metal were tested. In liquid nitrogen and liquid hydrogen, tests were conducted using center-cracked panels containing weld centerline cracks. Load-unload, sustained load, and cyclic load tests were performed in air or hydrogen gas, liquid nitrogen, and liquid hydrogen using surface-flawed specimens containing weld centerline cracks. Results were used to evaluate the effectiveness of periodic proof overloads in assuring safe and reliable operation of over-the-road cryogenic dewars.
Hall, L. R.↗
Large space telescope engineering scale model optical design
The objective is to develop the detailed design and tolerance data for the LST engineering scale model optical system. This will enable MSFC to move forward to the optical element procurement phase and also to evaluate tolerances, manufacturing requirements, assembly/checkout procedures, reliability, operational complexity, stability requirements of the structure and thermal system, and the flexibility to change and grow.
Facey, T. A.↗
Electron-Proton Spectrometer (EPS) component derating summary
The derating factors are defined, and all components used in the electron-proton spectrometer to determine effective system performance are analyzed. Basic information is presented for defining the rating of electrical and electronic components. The derating percentages and application rates assist in obtaining reliable operation of component parts used in manned space mission requirements.
Gleeson, P.↗
High efficiency ground data transmission
It is demonstrated that state-of-the-art communications technology can be implemented and reliably operated on a global basis to increase the transmission rates and efficiencies on circuits with bandwidths greater than the typical speech channel. Optimization is affected by optimum clock recovery procedures, multilevel pulse amplitude modulation, single sideband amplitude modulation, transversal filter equalizers, data scrambling, and active compensation for phase instability.
Dickinson, W. B.↗
Extending the life and recycle capability of earth storable propellant systems.
Rocket propulsion systems for reusable vehicles will be required to operate reliably for a large number of missions with a minimum of maintenance and a fast turnaround. For the space shuttle reaction control system to meet these requirements, current and prior related system failures were examined for their impact on reuse and, where warranted, component design and/or system configuration changes were defined for improving system service life. It was found necessary to change the pressurization component arrangement used on many single-use applications in order to eliminate a prevalent check valve failure mode and to incorporate redundant expulsion capability in propellant tank designs to achieve the necessary system reliability. Material flaws in pressurant and propellant tanks were noted to have a significant effect on tank cycle life. Finally, maintenance considerations dictated a modularized systems approach, allowing the system to be removed from the vehicle for service and repair at a remote site.
Schweickert, T. F.↗
Grand Tour missions to the outer solar system with Saturn /Intermediate 20/.
Discussion of the hazards, spacecraft features, time schedules, scientific objectives, and experiment packages which would probably characterize Grand Tour missions to the outer planets. The capabilities of the Saturn Intermediate 20 vehicle and supporting subsystems presently envisioned for such missions are outlined on the basis of comparison with other candidate launch vehicles. Hazard estimates are given for asteroid encounters, on-board and external radiation sources, trajectory perturbations, and operational reliability of equipment. Direct, swingby, and multiplanet missions are discussed in terms of launch opportunities, injection velocities, and flight durations. Measurements which should be carried out are evaluated for relevant contributions to knowledge of the outer planets.
Hale, D. P.↗
Microwave radiometric systems.
Microwave radiometers measure thermal electromagnetic radiation at frequencies ranging over the entire radio spectrum, from audio to infrared. The temperatures of black-body radiators can be measured with sensitivities better than 0.01 K, and with absolute accuracies better than 0.5 K. Radiometric systems have been built with as many as 400 independent spectral channels. Frequency resolutions range from hertz to gigahertz; and integration times range from microseconds to hours. Radiometric systems have operated reliably on the ground, and in balloons, aircraft, and spacecraft, including the 1962 Mariner 2 planetary probe to Venus.
Barath, F. T.↗
V/STOL lift fan commercial short haul transports: Continuing conceptual design study
A design study of commercial V/STOL transport airplanes for a 1985 operational time period has been made. The baseline mission considered was 400 nmi at a cruise speed of M = 0.75 and a 100-passenger payload with VTOL. Variations from the baseline included mission distance, payload, cruise speed, and propulsion system failure philosophy. All designs used propulsion systems consisting of multiple gas generators driving remote tip turbine lift and lift/cruise fans. By considering the fan to be designed for operational reliability, significant simplication of the airplane systems and reduction in airplane size and cost can be achieved.
Zabinsky, J. M.↗
SEPS solar array design and technology evaluation
The solar array system considered is composed of two wings. Each wing consists of a solar array blanket, a blanket launch storage container, an extension/retraction mast assembly, a blanket tensioning system, and an array electrical harness. A technology evaluation is performed to assess the applicable solar array state-of-the-art and to define the supporting effort necessary to achieve technology readiness for meeting the Solar Electric Propulsion Stage (SEPS) solar array design requirements. Details of mechanical design are discussed along with questions of electrical design, operational reliability advantages, and array assembly advantages.
Elms, R. V., Jr.↗
A cost effective data management subsystem for the LST
The paper outlines the approach used in developing DMS (Data Management Subsystem) alternatives for the LST (Large Space Telescope) and in selecting the concept considered to be the most cost effective means of implementing the LST DMS requirements. Two candidate DMS concepts are discussed: a functionally integrated and a functionally separated one. For the single vehicle LST program, separation of the DMS functions best provides high reliability, operations flexibility, minimal interface complexity, and the least complex software development and verification task. The use of available hardware and NASA standard components is stressed.
Dougherty, J. A.↗
TDRSS telecommunications system, PN code analysis
The pseudo noise (PN) codes required to support the TDRSS telecommunications services are analyzed and the impact of alternate coding techniques on the user transponder equipment, the TDRSS equipment, and all factors that contribute to the acquisition and performance of these telecommunication services is assessed. Possible alternatives to the currently proposed hybrid FH/direct sequence acquisition procedures are considered and compared relative to acquisition time, implementation complexity, operational reliability, and cost. The hybrid FH/direct sequence technique is analyzed and rejected in favor of a recommended approach which minimizes acquisition time and user transponder complexity while maximizing probability of acquisition and overall link reliability.
Dixon, R.↗