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At least 37 records · Page 2

Abort performance for a winged-body single-stage to orbit vehicle

Optimal control theory is employed to determine the performance of abort to orbit (ATO) and return to launch site (RTLS) maneuvers for a single-stage to orbit vehicle. The vehicle configuration examined is a seven engine, winged-body vehicle, that lifts-off vertically and lands horizontally. The abort maneuvers occur as the vehicle ascends to orbit and are initiated when the vehicle suffers an engine failure. The optimal control problems are numerically solved in discretized form via a nonlinear programming (NLP) algorithm. A description highlighting the attributes of this NLP method is provided. ATO maneuver results show that the vehicle is capable of ascending to orbit with a single engine failure at lift-off. Two engine out ATO maneuvers are not possible from the launch pad, but are possible after launch when the thrust to weight ratio becomes sufficiently large. Results show that single engine out RTLS maneuvers can be made for up to 180 seconds after lift-off and that there are scenarios for which RTLS maneuvers should be performed instead of ATP maneuvers.

Lyon, Jeffery A.↗

A Multi-Operator Simulation for Investigation of Distributed Air Traffic Management Concepts

This paper discusses the current development of an air traffic operations simulation that supports feasibility research for advanced air traffic management concepts. The Air Traffic Operations Simulation (ATOS) supports the research of future concepts that provide a much greater role for the flight crew in traffic management decision-making. ATOS provides representations of the future communications, navigation, and surveillance (CNS) infrastructure, a future flight deck systems architecture, and advanced crew interfaces. ATOS also provides a platform for the development of advanced flight guidance and decision support systems that may be required for autonomous operations.

Peters, Mark E.↗

Intelligent Engine Systems Work Element 1.2: Malfunction and Operator Error Reduction

Jet engines, although highly reliable and safe, do experience malfunctions that cause flight delays, passenger stress, and in some cases, in conjunction with inappropriate crew response, contribute to airplane accidents. On rare occasions, the anomalous engine behavior is not recognized until it is too late for the pilots to do anything to prevent or mitigate the resulting engine malfunction causing in-flight shutdowns (IFSDs), aborted takeoffs (ATOs), or loss of thrust control (LOTC). In some cases, the crew response to a myriad of external stimuli and existing training procedures is the source of the problem mentioned above. The problem is the reduction of jet engine malfunctions (IFSDs, ATOs, and LOTC) and inappropriate crew response (PSM+ICR) through the use of evolving and advanced technologies. The solution is to develop the overall system health maintenance architecture, detection and accommodation technologies, processes, and enhanced crew interfaces that would enable a significant reduction in IFSDs, ATOs, and LOTC. This program defines requirements and proposes a preliminary design concept of an architecture that enables the realization of the solution.

Wiseman, Matthew↗

Iron(II) monosulfide (FeS) minerals reductively transform the insensitive munitions compounds 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN) and 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO)

As military applications of the insensitive munitions compounds (IMCs) 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN) and 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) increase, there is a growing need to understand their environmental fate and to develop remediation strategies to mitigate their impacts. Iron (II) monosulfide (FeS) minerals are abundant in freshwater and marine sediments, marshes, and hydrothermal environments. Here, this study shows that FeS solids can reduce DNAN and NTO to their corresponding amines under anoxic ambient conditions. The reactions between IMCs and the FeS minerals were surface-mediated since they did not occur when only dissolved Fe 2+ (aq) and S 2– (aq) were present. Mackinawite, a tetragonal FeS with a layered structure, reduced DNAN mainly to 2-methoxy-5-nitroaniline (MENA), which in turn was partially reduced to 2-4-diaminoanisole (DAAN). The layered structure of mackinawite provided intercalation sites likely responsible for partial adsorption of MENA and DAAN. Mackinawite entirely reduced NTO to 3-amino-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (ATO). The reduction of IMCs showed concurrent oxidation of mackinawite to goethite and elemental sulfur. A commercial FeS product, composed mainly of pyrrhotite and troilite, reduced DNAN to DAAN and NTO to ATO. At pH 6.5, DNAN and NTO transformation rates were 667 and 912 μmol h –1 m –2 , respectively, on the mackinawite surface and 417 and 1344 μmol h –1 m –2 , respectively, on the commercial FeS surface. This is the first report of the reduction of a nitro-heterocyclic compound (NTO) by FeS minerals. The evidence indicates that DNAN and NTO can be rapidly transformed to their succeeding amines in anoxic subsurface environments and aquatic sediments rich in FeS minerals.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

NASA Stennis Space Center Integrated System Health Management Test Bed and Development Capabilities

Integrated System Health Management (ISHM) is a capability that focuses on determining the condition (health) of every element in a complex System (detect anomalies, diagnose causes, prognosis of future anomalies), and provide data, information, and knowledge (DIaK)-not just data-to control systems for safe and effective operation. This capability is currently done by large teams of people, primarily from ground, but needs to be embedded on-board systems to a higher degree to enable NASA's new Exploration Mission (long term travel and stay in space), while increasing safety and decreasing life cycle costs of spacecraft (vehicles; platforms; bases or outposts; and ground test, launch, and processing operations). The topics related to this capability include: 1) ISHM Related News Articles; 2) ISHM Vision For Exploration; 3) Layers Representing How ISHM is Currently Performed; 4) ISHM Testbeds & Prototypes at NASA SSC; 5) ISHM Functional Capability Level (FCL); 6) ISHM Functional Capability Level (FCL) and Technology Readiness Level (TRL); 7) Core Elements: Capabilities Needed; 8) Core Elements; 9) Open Systems Architecture for Condition-Based Maintenance (OSA-CBM); 10) Core Elements: Architecture, taxonomy, and ontology (ATO) for DIaK management; 11) Core Elements: ATO for DIaK Management; 12) ISHM Architecture Physical Implementation; 13) Core Elements: Standards; 14) Systematic Implementation; 15) Sketch of Work Phasing; 16) Interrelationship Between Traditional Avionics Systems, Time Critical ISHM and Advanced ISHM; 17) Testbeds and On-Board ISHM; 18) Testbed Requirements: RETS AND ISS; 19) Sustainable Development and Validation Process; 20) Development of on-board ISHM; 21) Taxonomy/Ontology of Object Oriented Implementation; 22) ISHM Capability on the E1 Test Stand Hydraulic System; 23) Define Relationships to Embed Intelligence; 24) Intelligent Elements Physical and Virtual; 25) ISHM Testbeds and Prototypes at SSC Current Implementations; 26) Trailer-Mounted RETS; 27) Modeling and Simulation; 28) Summary ISHM Testbed Environments; 29) Data Mining - ARC; 30) Transitioning ISHM to Support NASA Missions; 31) Feature Detection Routines; 32) Sample Features Detected in SSC Test Stand Data; and 33) Health Assessment Database (DIaK Repository).

Figueroa, Fernando↗

The Inter-Calibration of the DSCOVR EPIC Imager 2 with Aqua-MODIS and NPP-VIIRS

The Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) continuously observes the illuminated disk from the Lagrange-1 point. The EPIC sensor was designed to monitor the diurnal variation of ozone, clouds, aerosols, and vegetation, especially those features that benefit from observation near-backscatter conditions. The EPIC sensor does not contain any onboard calibration systems. This study describes the inter-calibration of EPIC channels 5 (0.44 μm), 6 (0.55 μm), 7 (0.68 μm), and 10 (0.78 μm) with respect to Aqua-MODIS and NPP-VIIRS. The calibration is transferred using coincident ray-matched reflectance pairs over all-sky tropical ocean (ATO) and deep convective cloud (DCC) targets. A robust and automated image-alignment technique based on feature matching was formulated to improve the navigation quality of the EPIC images. The EPIC V02 dataset exhibits improved navigation over V01. Because the visible channels display similar spatial features, a single visible channel can be used to co-register the remaining visible bands. The VIIRS-referenced EPIC ATO and DCC ray-matched calibration coefficients are within 0.3%. The EPIC four-year calibration trends based on VIIRS are within 0.15%/year. The MODIS-based EPIC calibration coefficients were compared against the Geogdzhayev and Marshak 2018 published calibration coefficients and are found to be within 1.6%.

DSCOVR↗

TPSAS-NF1676L-32020-DND

The Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) instrument aboard the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) satellite has a constant unique view of the sunlit disk of the Earth from the Lagrange-1 (L1) point nearly a million miles away from the Earth. The DSCOVR EPIC team released the version 2 dataset last year which included many enhancements, such as improved navigation, stray-light correction, and flat-fielding. Since there is no on-board calibration for EPIC, its 10 spectral channels must be calibrated using other methods, such as inter-calibrating with sensors with on-board calibration hardware. VIIRS is a well-calibrated instrument with similar spectral channels as EPIC. Spectral band induced radiance differences between VIIRS and EPIC are mitigated using Spectral Band Adjustment Factor (SBAF). We will extend the previous calibrations from prior studies to include more recent data by ray-matching EPIC with VIIRS over all-sky tropical ocean (ATO) and deep convective cloud (DCC) conditions. In addition to ATO and DCC ray-matching, we will validate these results by utilizing DCC as invariant targets to monitor sensor degradation. DCC behave as solar diffusers in the tropics and when collectively analyzed can be used to monitor the degradation of the EPIC sensor. Improvement to our dynamic navigation adjustment algorithm, as well as exploring the view angle response of the EPIC CCD array, will be examined for their effectiveness and presented at the conference.

C O Haney↗

Automation for Distributed Energy Resources Risk Manager Using OSCAL

The risk management framework (RMF) provides a well-organized and thorough approach to diagnose information technology (IT) system threats, to gather required materials to comply with industry standards, and to document a plan for achieving authority to operate (ATO). ATO is given by the operating authority with the awareness of vulnerabilities that arise when operating the IT system. The primary goal of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s (NREL’s) distributed energy resource (DER) RM application is to provide a user-friendly interface and in-depth guidance for generating the authorization package for the authorizing official to review. In other words, the application satisfies steps 1 through 7 of the RMF process with a focus on DERs.

cybersecurity↗

Quantum Divide and Compute: Exploring the Effect of Different Noise Sources

Abstract Our recent work (Ayral et al. in Proceedings of IEEE computer society annual symposium on VLSI, ISVLSI, pp 138–140, 2020. 10.1109/ISVLSI49217.2020.00034 ) showed the first implementation of the Quantum Divide and Compute (QDC) method, which allows to break quantum circuits into smaller fragments with fewer qubits and shallower depth. This accommodates the limited number of qubits and short coherence times of quantum processors. This article investigates the impact of different noise sources—readout error, gate error and decoherence—on the success probability of the QDC procedure. We perform detailed noise modeling on the Atos Quantum Learning Machine, allowing us to understand tradeoffs and formulate recommendations about which hardware noise sources should be preferentially optimized. We also describe in detail the noise models we used to reproduce experimental runs on IBM’s Johannesburg processor. This article also includes a detailed derivation of the equations used in the QDC procedure to compute the output distribution of the original quantum circuit from the output distribution of its fragments. Finally, we analyze the computational complexity of the QDC method for the circuit under study via tensor-network considerations, and elaborate on the relation the QDC method with tensor-network simulation methods.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗

Separation, speciation, and mechanism of astatine and bismuth extraction from nitric acid into 1-octanol and methyl anthranilate

We report a detailed study of At and Bi extraction from nitric acid media into conventional solvents, namely 1-octanol and methyl anthranilate, has been performed. The analysis includes a mathematical modeling which allows the fitting of experimental data and determination of extraction constants of the two above mentioned elements. Also, this approach helped to estimate a stability constant of a weak AtO(NO3) complex along with thermodynamic constants describing the redox process of At species in the acidic solution and formation of an adduct of Bi in the presence of methyl anthranilate. The results of the fitting have been used to calculate corresponding separation factors of Bi and At as well. Moreover, a computational study has been performed to evaluate At interaction with the above mentioned solvents.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

Probing the Redox Reactivity of Alkyl Bound Astatine: A Study on the Formation and Cleavage of a Stable At–C Bond

The formation of a stable alkyl At–C bond occurs during the shipment of 211 At on a 3-octanone-impregnated column and the reactivity of 211 At stripped from columns has been studied. The 211 At could not be recovered from the 3-octanone organic phase using nitric acid or sodium hydroxide, even up to 10 and 15.7 M, respectively. Several reducing and oxidizing agents, including hydrazine, hydroxylamine, ascorbic acid, ceric ammonium nitrate, potassium permanganate, sodium hypochlorite, and calcium hypochlorite were used to promote the recovery of 211 At. The most effective reducing agent was hydroxylamine, where ~70% of the 211 At was recovered, while among oxidizing agents ceric ammonium nitrate, potassium permanganate, and sodium hypochlorite all showed near quantitative recovery of 211 At. These results indicate an At–C bond is being formed during the shipment of the column and a redox reaction is required for bond cleavage to occur. Furthermore, DFT calculations have been used to propose several products of an AtO + -3-octanone reaction, with 4-astato-5-hydroxy-octa-3-one being the most probable.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

Highly Durable and Active Pt/Sb-Doped SnO 2 Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalysts Produced by Atomic Layer Deposition

Platinum supported on mixed-metal oxides (MMOs) are a class of active and durable cathode catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) due to a combination of the high oxidative stability of the supports and strong-metal-support interactions (SMSI) that enable them to exceed the activity of Pt/C. Herein, we solve a significant remaining challenge with Pt/MMO systems, namely the relatively low surface area and porosity. This is achieved by dispersing nearly-uniform Pt clusters using atomic layer deposition (ALD) on highly conductive (6.2 S/cm) and stable antimony doped tin dioxide (ATO) support. ALD-Pt/ATO exhibited significantly higher electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) (74 m 2 /g) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalytic activity (102 mA/mg Pt at 0.9 V vs. RHE) compared to Pt/ATO synthesized using ethylene glycol (ECSA=31 m 2 /g Pt , mass activity=52 mA/mg Pt at 0.9 V vs. RHE) and formic acid reduction methods (ECSA=28 m 2 /g Pt , mass activity=46 mA/mg Pt at 0.9 V vs. RHE). Further characterization showed that wet chemical methods resulted in poorer Pt particle dispersion, poor control over Pt particle size distribution and chemical degradation of the support (during Pt deposition). Given the near-ideal Pt particle size distribution of the ALD-Pt/ATO, particle size growth and loss of ECSA was found to be minimal over the course of rigorous potential cycling. Thus, after 10,000 potential cycles between 1V and 1.5V vs. RHE, ALD-Pt/ATO and other Pt/ATOs were found to retain 100% of their initial ECSA compared to 57.6% retention for Pt/C. Upon testing in a H 2 /air PEMFC, following 1,000 potential cycles, the change in ALD-Pt/ATO performance was negligible while Pt/C exhibited a 68.2% loss of initial peak power density. Thus, ALD-Pt/ATO is an active and highly durable ORR electrocatalyst in PEMFCs under start-up-shut down conditions.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗

Ion exchange behavior of astatine and bismuth

Astatine and bismuth sorption on several ion exchange resins from nitric acid media has been studied. This work covers commercially available resins Dowex 50 × 4, MP thiol, Dowex 1 × 8, and TEVA. One of the main advantages of using ion exchangers for astatine separation and purification is the absence of any organic media in the effluent in comparison with extraction chromatography resins. The behavior of the above-mentioned metals was investigated in up to 4 M HNO 3 solutions. The determined distribution coefficients are greater than 1 for all the resins studied, reaching 10 4 for MP thiol and TEVA resins. The interaction of nitric acid with an anion exchanger in Cl-form results in an exchange reaction, where AtO + chloro complexes can form. To understand the astatine behavior under these conditions, stability constants of AtOCl and AtOCl 2 – complexes have been reevaluated and discrepancy in the literature values has been eliminated. For each resin a thermodynamic model has been developed to suggest a possible mechanism of astatine sorption. Literature and new experimental data on bismuth sorption by studying resins in nitric acid media have been reviewed and a mathematical model to describe its behavior has been suggested. Furthermore, a ratio of corresponding fit functions of At and Bi assigned to the same resin and acidity has been used to estimate the separation factors of these elements.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

Materials Data on Na8Al11Si13(AgO16)3 by Materials Project

Na8Al11Si13(AgO16)3 crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are eight inequivalent Na sites. In the first Na site, Na is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five O atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.34–2.82 Å. In the second Na site, Na is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three O atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.29–2.71 Å. In the third Na site, Na is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two O atoms. There are one shorter (2.16 Å) and one longer (2.20 Å) Na–O bond lengths. In the fourth Na site, Na is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three O atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.16–2.45 Å. In the fifth Na site, Na is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five O atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.23–2.93 Å. In the sixth Na site, Na is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to four O atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.21–2.81 Å. In the seventh Na site, Na is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five O atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.22–2.90 Å. In the eighth Na site, Na is bonded in a distorted pentagonal planar geometry to five O atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.27–2.75 Å. There are three inequivalent Ag sites. In the first Ag site, Ag is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to three O atoms. There are a spread of Ag–O bond distances ranging from 2.20–2.43 Å. In the second Ag site, Ag is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to four O atoms. There are a spread of Ag–O bond distances ranging from 2.30–2.72 Å. In the third Ag site, Ag is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O atoms. There are a spread of Ag–O bond distances ranging from 2.29–2.55 Å. There are eleven inequivalent Al sites. In the first Al site, Al is bonded to four O atoms to form AlO4 tetrahedra that share corners with four SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Al–O bond distances ranging from 1.74–1.78 Å. In the second Al site, Al is bonded to four O atoms to form AlO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Al–O bond distances ranging from 1.72–1.82 Å. In the third Al site, Al is bonded to four O atoms to form AlO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Al–O bond distances ranging from 1.73–1.81 Å. In the fourth Al site, Al is bonded to four O atoms to form AlO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one SiO4 tetrahedra and corners with three AlO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Al–O bond distances ranging from 1.73–1.79 Å. In the fifth Al site, Al is bonded to four O atoms to form AlO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one SiO4 tetrahedra and corners with three AlO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Al–O bond distances ranging from 1.71–1.83 Å. In the sixth Al site, Al is bonded to four O atoms to form corner-sharing AlO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Al–O bond distances ranging from 1.72–1.76 Å. In the seventh Al site, Al is bonded to four O atoms to form corner-sharing AlO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Al–O bond distances ranging from 1.71–1.80 Å. In the eighth Al site, Al is bonded to four O atoms to form AlO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Al–O bond distances ranging from 1.69–1.82 Å. In the ninth Al site, Al is bonded to four O atoms to form AlO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Al–O bond distances ranging from 1.68–1.80 Å. In the tenth Al site, Al is bonded to four O atoms to form AlO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Al–O bond distances ranging from 1.73–1.80 Å. In the eleventh Al site, Al is bonded to four O atoms to form AlO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Al–O bond distances ranging from 1.72–1.80 Å. There are thirteen inequivalent Si sites. In the first Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with three SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.61–1.68 Å. In the second Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.62–1.65 Å. In the third Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with three SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.61–1.66 Å. In the fourth Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with three SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.61–1.66 Å. In the fifth Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.62–1.65 Å. In the sixth Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with three SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.61–1.69 Å. In the seventh Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with three SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.61–1.66 Å. In the eighth Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with three SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.61–1.68 Å. In the ninth Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with three SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.59–1.67 Å. In the tenth Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.60–1.67 Å. In the eleventh Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form corner-sharing SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.60–1.66 Å. In the twelfth Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two AlO4 tetrahedra and corners with two SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.58–1.67 Å. In the thirteenth Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one SiO4 tetrahedra and corners with three AlO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.62–1.67 Å. There are forty-eight inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two Si atoms. In the second O site, O is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two Si atoms. In the third O site, O is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two Si atoms. In the fourth O site, O is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two Si atoms. In the fifth O site, O is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two Si atoms. In the sixth O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Ag and two Si atoms. In the seventh O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Ag and two Si atoms. In the eighth O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Ag and two Si atoms. In the ninth O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Ag and two Si atoms. In the tenth O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Na and two Si atoms. In the eleventh O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Na, one Al, and one Si atom. In the twelfth O site, O is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Ag, one Al, and one Si atom. In the thirteenth O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Ag and two Si atoms. In the fourteenth O site, O is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two Si atoms. In the fifteenth O site, O is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one Al and one Si atom. In the sixteenth O site, O is bonded in a linear geometry to one Na and two Si atoms. In the seventeenth O site, O is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Na, one Al, and one Si atom. In the eighteenth O site, O is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Ag, one Al, and one Si atom. In the nineteenth O site, O is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Ag, one Al, and one Si atom. In the twentieth O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Na and two Si atoms. In the twenty-first O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Ag, one Al, and one Si atom. In the twenty-second O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Ag, one Al, and one Si atom. In the twenty-third O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Ag and two Al atoms. In the twenty-fourth O site, O is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Na, one Al, and one Si atom. In the twenty-fifth O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Na and two Al atoms. In the twenty-sixth O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Al and one Si atom. In the twenty-seventh O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Na and two Al atoms. In the twenty-eighth O site, O is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Na and two Al atoms. In the twenty-ninth O site, O is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Na and two Al atoms. In the thirtieth O site, O is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Na and two Al atoms. In the thirty-first O site, O is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Na and two Al atoms. In the thirty-second O site, O is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one Na and two Al atoms. In the thirty-third O site, O is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to three Na and two Al atoms. In the thirty-fourth O site, O is bonded in a distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry to three Na and two Al atoms. In the thirty-fifth O site, O is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to three Na and two Al atoms. In the thirty-sixth O site, O is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Na and two Al atoms. In the thirty-seventh O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Na and two Al atoms. In the thirty-eighth O site, O is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Na, one Al, and one Si atom. In the thirty-ninth O site, O is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Na, one Al, and one Si atom. In the fortieth O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Na, one Al, and one Si atom. In the forty-first O site, O is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Na, one Al, and one Si atom. In the forty-second O site, O is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Na, one Al, and one Si atom. In the forty-third O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Na, one Al, and one Si atom. In the forty-fourth O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Na, one Al, and one Si atom. In the forty-fifth O site, O is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Na, one Al, and one Si atom. In the forty-sixth O site, O is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two Si atoms. In the forty-seventh O site, O is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two Si ato

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Li5V3P8O29 by Materials Project

Li5V3P8O29 crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are ten inequivalent Li1+ sites. In the first Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.89–2.31 Å. In the second Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with four PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 65–72°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.85–2.41 Å. In the third Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.97–2.38 Å. In the fourth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.88–2.23 Å. In the fifth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.92–2.22 Å. In the sixth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.92–2.13 Å. In the seventh Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with four PO4 tetrahedra and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.97–2.18 Å. In the eighth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with four PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 67–72°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.87–2.33 Å. In the ninth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.99–2.23 Å. In the tenth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form distorted LiO6 octahedra that share corners with six PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 2.15–2.57 Å. There are six inequivalent V+4.33+ sites. In the first V+4.33+ site, V+4.33+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra and corners with six PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.84–1.98 Å. In the second V+4.33+ site, V+4.33+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra and corners with six PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.82–2.02 Å. In the third V+4.33+ site, V+4.33+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.88–2.01 Å. In the fourth V+4.33+ site, V+4.33+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.88–2.02 Å. In the fifth V+4.33+ site, V+4.33+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra and corners with six PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.87–2.05 Å. In the sixth V+4.33+ site, V+4.33+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.85–2.04 Å. There are sixteen inequivalent P5+ sites. In the first P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 35–43°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.61 Å. In the second P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO6 octahedra, corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 41–47°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.63 Å. In the third P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO6 octahedra, corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 39–45°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.63 Å. In the fourth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 31–34°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.62 Å. In the fifth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 30–34°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.60 Å. In the sixth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 38–49°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.60 Å. In the seventh P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO6 octahedra, corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 39–53°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.62 Å. In the eighth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 39–40°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.60 Å. In the ninth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 39–46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.60 Å. In the tenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO6 octahedra, corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 38–55°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.60 Å. In the eleventh P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 38–48°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.62 Å. In the twelfth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 30–35°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.61 Å. In the thirteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 26–34°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.62 Å. In the fourteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO6 octahedra, corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 41–45°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.62 Å. In the fifteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO6 octahedra, corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 41–49°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.63 Å. In the sixteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 36–46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.61 Å. There are fifty-eight inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+4.33+ and one P5+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+4.33+ and one P5+ atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+4.33+ and one P5+ atom. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+4.33+ and one P5+ atom. In the thirteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one P5+ atom. In the fourteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the fifteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the sixteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+4.33+ and one P5+ atom. In the seventeenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the eighteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the nineteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to two P5+ atoms. In the twentieth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the twenty-first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the twenty-second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+4.33+ and one P5+ atom. In the twenty-third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ ato

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Li5V3P8O29 by Materials Project

Li5V3P8O29 crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are ten inequivalent Li1+ sites. In the first Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.94–2.16 Å. In the second Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.91–2.20 Å. In the third Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with four PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 66–67°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.91–2.17 Å. In the fourth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.88–2.26 Å. In the fifth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.87–2.25 Å. In the sixth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.96–2.22 Å. In the seventh Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.87–2.22 Å. In the eighth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.92–2.19 Å. In the ninth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.87–2.25 Å. In the tenth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.94–2.24 Å. There are six inequivalent V+4.33+ sites. In the first V+4.33+ site, V+4.33+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with six PO4 tetrahedra and edges with two LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.88–1.98 Å. In the second V+4.33+ site, V+4.33+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and edges with two LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.89–2.01 Å. In the third V+4.33+ site, V+4.33+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and edges with two LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.84–1.99 Å. In the fourth V+4.33+ site, V+4.33+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with six PO4 tetrahedra and an edgeedge with one LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.82–2.03 Å. In the fifth V+4.33+ site, V+4.33+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with six PO4 tetrahedra and an edgeedge with one LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.84–2.02 Å. In the sixth V+4.33+ site, V+4.33+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.87–2.00 Å. There are sixteen inequivalent P5+ sites. In the first P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 46–47°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.62 Å. In the second P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 40–48°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.61 Å. In the third P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 38–43°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.62 Å. In the fourth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 31–36°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.60 Å. In the fifth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 34–35°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.60 Å. In the sixth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 44–46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.61 Å. In the seventh P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 41–47°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.62 Å. In the eighth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.61 Å. In the ninth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 37–43°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.63 Å. In the tenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 38–40°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.62 Å. In the eleventh P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 39–40°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.62 Å. In the twelfth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 30–36°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.61 Å. In the thirteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 28–35°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.61 Å. In the fourteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 39–47°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.61 Å. In the fifteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 38–47°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.62 Å. In the sixteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 40–47°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.61 Å. There are fifty-eight inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+4.33+ and one P5+ atom. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+4.33+ and one P5+ atom. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+4.33+ and one P5+ atom. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+4.33+ and one P5+ atom. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the thirteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the fourteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one P5+ atom. In the fifteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the sixteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the seventeenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the eighteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+4.33+, and one P5+ atom. In the nineteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to two P5+ atoms. In the twentieth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the twenty-first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ ato

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Li7V3P8O29 by Materials Project

Li7V3P8O29 crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are fourteen inequivalent Li1+ sites. In the first Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.94–2.14 Å. In the second Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.92–2.18 Å. In the third Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.97–2.15 Å. In the fourth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with four PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 67–68°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.87–2.21 Å. In the fifth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with four PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 67–69°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.87–2.21 Å. In the sixth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.97–2.16 Å. In the seventh Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.92–2.19 Å. In the eighth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 2.00–2.18 Å. In the ninth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.94–2.14 Å. In the tenth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with four PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 68–72°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.86–2.35 Å. In the eleventh Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with four PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 68–72°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.85–2.34 Å. In the twelfth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 2.00–2.17 Å. In the thirteenth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.97–2.57 Å. In the fourteenth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.97–2.57 Å. There are six inequivalent V+3.67+ sites. In the first V+3.67+ site, V+3.67+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and edges with two LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 2.02–2.06 Å. In the second V+3.67+ site, V+3.67+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra and corners with six PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.83–2.02 Å. In the third V+3.67+ site, V+3.67+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.86–1.99 Å. In the fourth V+3.67+ site, V+3.67+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.88–1.99 Å. In the fifth V+3.67+ site, V+3.67+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra and corners with six PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.84–2.01 Å. In the sixth V+3.67+ site, V+3.67+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and edges with two LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 2.02–2.06 Å. There are sixteen inequivalent P5+ sites. In the first P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 37–48°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.60 Å. In the second P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 42–45°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.60 Å. In the third P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 45–46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.62 Å. In the fourth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 30–38°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.58 Å. In the fifth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 30–38°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.58 Å. In the sixth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 45–46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.63 Å. In the seventh P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with four LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 47–48°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.60 Å. In the eighth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 42–44°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.60 Å. In the ninth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 43–46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.62 Å. In the tenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 36–48°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.60 Å. In the eleventh P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 47–48°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.62 Å. In the twelfth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 26–34°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.59 Å. In the thirteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 26–34°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.60 Å. In the fourteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 47–48°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.62 Å. In the fifteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 42–46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.62 Å. In the sixteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with four LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 47–48°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.60 Å. There are fifty-eight inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+3.67+ and one P5+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+3.67+ and one P5+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+3.67+, and one P5+ atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V+3.67+, and one P5+ atom. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+3.67+, and one P5+ atom. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+3.67+, and one P5+ atom. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V+3.67+, and one P5+ atom. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+3.67+, and one P5+ atom. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V+3.67+, and one P5+ atom. In the thirteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the fourteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Li1+ and one P5+ ato

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Li7V3P8O29 by Materials Project

Li7V3P8O29 crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are fourteen inequivalent Li1+ sites. In the first Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a distorted see-saw-like geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.99–2.08 Å. In the second Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 2.01–2.70 Å. In the third Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with four PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 66–70°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.87–2.22 Å. In the fourth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a distorted rectangular see-saw-like geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.96–2.12 Å. In the fifth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.96–2.29 Å. In the sixth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a distorted see-saw-like geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.99–2.13 Å. In the seventh Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a distorted see-saw-like geometry to four O2- atoms. There are two shorter (2.00 Å) and two longer (2.12 Å) Li–O bond lengths. In the eighth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.93–2.10 Å. In the ninth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with four PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 66–69°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.89–2.26 Å. In the tenth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a distorted see-saw-like geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.99–2.10 Å. In the eleventh Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.99–2.60 Å. In the twelfth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.95–2.29 Å. In the thirteenth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.85–1.98 Å. In the fourteenth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 2.26–2.49 Å. There are six inequivalent V+3.67+ sites. In the first V+3.67+ site, V+3.67+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra and corners with six PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.99–2.07 Å. In the second V+3.67+ site, V+3.67+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.98–2.08 Å. In the third V+3.67+ site, V+3.67+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra and corners with six PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.91–2.01 Å. In the fourth V+3.67+ site, V+3.67+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.90–2.06 Å. In the fifth V+3.67+ site, V+3.67+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra and corners with six PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.88–2.02 Å. In the sixth V+3.67+ site, V+3.67+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra and corners with six PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.87–2.03 Å. There are sixteen inequivalent P5+ sites. In the first P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 45–46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.61 Å. In the second P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 42–46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.52–1.59 Å. In the third P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 39–46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.53–1.62 Å. In the fourth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 29–35°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.59 Å. In the fifth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 34–39°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.61 Å. In the sixth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 46–47°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.62 Å. In the seventh P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 43–47°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.52–1.62 Å. In the eighth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 46–50°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.62 Å. In the ninth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 46–49°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.63 Å. In the tenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 43–47°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.52–1.62 Å. In the eleventh P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 44–48°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.52–1.62 Å. In the twelfth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 35–39°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.60 Å. In the thirteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 30–40°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.60 Å. In the fourteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 40–45°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.52–1.61 Å. In the fifteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 38–47°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.52–1.61 Å. In the sixteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 47–50°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.61 Å. There are fifty-eight inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+3.67+, and one P5+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+3.67+ and one P5+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+3.67+, and one P5+ atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+3.67+ and one P5+ atom. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+3.67+ and one P5+ atom. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+3.67+, and one P5+ atom. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to one Li1+, one V+3.67+, and one P5+ atom. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+3.67+ and one P5+ atom. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted T-shaped geometry to one Li1+, one V+3.67+, and one P5+ atom. In the thirteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the fourteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the fifteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V+3.67+, and one P5+ atom. In the sixteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+3.67+, and one P5+ atom. In the seventeenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V+3.67+, and one P5+ atom. In the eighteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+3.67+, and one P5+ atom. In the nineteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two P5+ atoms. In the twentieth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the twenty-first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the twenty-second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V+3.67+, and one P5+ atom. In the twenty-third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to one Li1+, one V+3.67+, and one P5+ ato

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗