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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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NASA NTRS2008

Grading NASA's Solar System Exploration Program: A Midterm Report

The Committee on Assessing the Solar System Exploration Program has reviewed NASA's progress to date in implementing the recommendations made in the National Research Council's (NRC's) solar system exploration decadal survey covering the period 2003-2013, New Frontiers in the Solar System, and in its Mars Architecture report, Assessment of NASA s Mars Architecture 2007-2016. The committee assessed NASA's progress with respect to each individual recommendation in these two reports, assigning an academic-style grade, explaining the rationale for the grade and trend, and offering recommendations for improvement. The committee generally sought to develop recommendations in cases where it determined that the grade, the trend, or both were worrisome and that the achievement of a decadal survey recommendation would require some kind of corrective action on NASA's part. This usually meant that the committee sought to offer a recommendation when the grade was a "C" or lower. However, the committee did offer recommendations in connection with some higher grades when it believed that minor corrective action was possible and desirable. More importantly, the committee did not offer recommendations for some of the activities given lower grades, particularly in the enabling technologies area (Chapter 6), because the committee determined that only the restoration of funding and the development of a strategic technology development program would solve these problems.

Source record↗

NASA NTRS2023

Remote Plant Food Production Capability X-Hab

As human space exploration expands to long-duration missions, plant production capability serves as a solution to reduce the mass of consumables necessary to support human metabolic requirements and promote positive crew psychological health. A capability to remotely grow plants for a long-duration space mission could allow crops to be produced before a crew arrives at a staged habitat and could enable plant health to be maintained through remote operation with minimal local crew support. The University of Colorado Boulder was awarded a grant in the summer of 2012 to build a system capable of remote plant production as part of the NASA and National Space Grant Foundation eXploration Habitat (X-Hab) 2013 Academic Innovation Challenge. This report is presented as a review of the Robotic Gardening System that was designed and developed to meet the requirements outlined in the challenge. Each subsystem of the Robotic Gardening System is presented in detail. Included in this report are the design methodologies used, lessons learned throughout the design and development processes, and options or ideas for continued development and future upgrades. In addition to being a review of the Robotic Gardening System and its subsystems, this document is meant to aid with the continued development of this system in conjunction with other projects, such as team member Heather Hava’s NASA Space Technology Research Fellowship (NSTRF) work, X-Hab 2013-14 Plants Anywhere: Growing Plants in Free Habitat Spaces, and Dr. Nikolaus Correll’s NASA Early Career Professionals Fellowship.

Daniel Zukowski↗

NASA NTRS2020

NASA Exploration Systems & Habitation (X-Hab)Academic Innovation Challenge 2020: Microgravity Gas/Liquid Separator for the CO2 Revitalization System Final Report

This report outlines the efforts of UNT X-Hab Team on a project titled, Microgravity Gas/Liquid Separator for the CO2 Revitalization System. The project is executed as a senior design project during academic year 2019-2020. The X-Hab 2020 Academic Innovation Challenge has selected eleven senior design teams from colleges across the US to demonstrate working prototypes for exploration systems and habitation. UNT has been tasked with the creation of a gas-liquid separator for an air revitalization system. Air revitalization technology has been used to support spaceflight by removing CO2 from enclosed systems in order to maintain breathable air. Solid sorbents such as zeolites or lithium hydroxide have been used in the past for these systems but are difficult to handle in microgravity environments and require a large amount of energy. This challenge aims to demonstrate vortex phase separator (VPS) technology for removing H2O from a CO2 stream. However, VPS technology also has the capability of using liquid sorbents for removing CO2 from an air stream. Further research could be done on liquid sorbents, such as liquid amine, in use with VPS systems. This would potentially be an alternative technology in replacing use of solid sorbents in CO2 removal systems. In 2019, NASA proposed a design that uses a gas/liquid contactor to allow for efficient contact between the two fluid phase. This was integrated into an overall CO2 removal system. The subsystems for gas-liquid separation and storage in NASA’s previous models for CO2 removal system could be replaced with a VPS. Innovative vortex separator technology is expected to allow for high throughput flow and highly efficient CO2 removal compared to other gas-liquid separation technologies. VPS relies on centripetal driven buoyancy forces to form a gas-liquid vortex within a fixed, right circular cylinder. The gas stream enters the separator through a tangential nozzle and breaks into very small bubbles (<<1 mm) resulting in a very large contact surface area for interaction with the liquid stream via energy and mass exchange. VPS technology can handle mismatches in inlet and outlet flow rates and system volume changes through the range of liquid thickness held in the separator (i.e., buffering and accumulating capability), and requires low pressure differences (<5-10 in H2O in most cases) for operation. The X-Hab 2020 team leverages these characteristics to investigate VPS technology as an alternative CO2 removal technology.

Alyssa Sarvadi↗

NASA NTRS1991

NASA/DOD Aerospace Knowledge Diffusion Research Project. Report 6: The relationship between the use of US government technical reports by US aerospace engineers and scientists and selected institutional and sociometric variables

The relationship between the use of U.S. government technical reports by U.S. aerospace engineers and scientists and selected institutional and sociometric variables was investigated. The methodology used for this study was survey research. Data were collected by means of a self-administered mail questionnaire. The approximately 34,000 members of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronauts (AIAA) served as the study population. The response rate for the survey was 70 percent. A dependent relationship was found to exist between the use of U.S. government technical reports and three of the institutional variables (academic preparation, years of professional aerospace work experience, and technical discipline). The use of U.S. government technical reports was found to be independent of all of the sociometric variables. The institutional variables best explain the use of U.S. government technical reports by U.S. aerospace engineers and scientists.

Pinelli, Thomas E.↗

NASA NTRS2003

Study of the Helicon Source Operation in the Variable Specific Impulse Magnetoplasma Rocket (VASIMR) Experiment

During this research period the following models of the VASIMR helicon discharge have been further developed and applied to analyze the on-going VX- 10 ASPL experiment: A) 1D semi-analytical model for a mixed-collisional propellant flow B) OD power and balance model for the whole helicon discharge In this particular research period we have concentrated on the MW-level performance of the VASIMR helicon source. Favorable high-power scaling and reduced ionization costs were obtained, and presented at the VASIMR NASA review in the Fall '02. This Grant is continuation of the previous NAG9-1224 award. The research results are summarized in 14 publications; they were presented as 20+ talks at the major International Conferences and scientific seminars at the leading Academic and Research Institutions. The reported results allowed helicon discharge characterization, understanding of the several experimental observations, and helped to make predictions and propose structural modifications for the advanced VASIMR helicon source operation.

Molvig, Kim↗

NASA NTRS1982

The Shuttle Student Involvement Project for Secondary Schools - Reports on first flights

During the 1980-81 academic year, NASA established the Shuttle Student Involvement Project for Secondary Schools (SSIP), an annual competition which invites students to propose experiments suitable for flight aboard the Space Shuttle. The purpose of the project is to stimulate the teaching and study of science and engineering among students in grades 9 through 12. Results of the first year of the project have been reported. The second competition was announced in September 1981. With a February 1, 1982 deadline, 2,800 proposals were submitted. Twenty national winners were announced in May 1982. NASA is now pairing the 20 winners with a corporate sponsor and with a NASA scientist or engineer to work with the student. Most SSIP experiments are performed in the Orbiter's mid-deck, and receive up to one hour of crew time. Attention is given to the desired outcomes of SSIP, and the SSIP experiments.

Ladwig, A.↗

NASA NTRS2014

Summer 2014 Pathways Report

Over the summer I had the exciting opportunity to work for NASA at the Kennedy Space Center as a Mission Assurance Engineering intern. When I was offered a position in mission assurance for the Safety and Mission Assurance directorate's Launch Services Division, I didn't really know what I would be doing, but I knew it would be an excellent opportunity to learn and grow professionally. In this report I will provide some background information on the Launch Services Division, as well as detail my duties and accomplishments during my time as an intern. Additionally, I will relate the significance of my work experience to my current academic work and future career goals. This report contains background information on Mission Assurance Engineering, a description of my duties and accomplishments over the summer of 2014, and relates the significance of my work experience to my school work and future career goals. It is a required document for the Pathways program.

Pathways↗

NASA NTRS1986

Opportunity for academic research in a low-gravity environment - Crystal growth

The history of basic and applied research on crystal growth (CG), especially of semiconductor materials, is reviewed, stressing the dominance (at least in the U.S.) of industrial R&D projects over academic programs and the need for more extensive fundamental investigations. The NASA microgravity research program and the recommendations of the University Space Research Association are examined as they affect the availability of space facilities for academic CG research. Also included is a report on ground experiments on the effectiveness of magnetic fields in controlling vertical Bridgman CG and melt stability, using the apparatus employed in the Apollo-Soyuz experiments (Witt et al., 1978); the results are presented in graphs and briefly characterized. The role of NASA's microgravity CG program in stimulating academic work on CG, the importance of convection effects, CG work on materials other than semiconductors, and NSF support of CG research are discussed in a comment by R. F. Sekerka.

Matthiesen, D. H.↗

NASA NTRS1994

Microgravity Science and Applications. Program Tasks and Bibliography for FY 1993

An annual report published by the Microgravity Science and Applications Division (MSAD) of NASA is presented. It represents a compilation of the Division's currently-funded ground, flight and Advanced Technology Development tasks. An overview and progress report for these tasks, including progress reports by principal investigators selected from the academic, industry and government communities, are provided. The document includes a listing of new bibliographic data provided by the principal investigators to reflect the dissemination of research data during FY 1993 via publications and presentations. The document also includes division research metrics and an index of the funded investigators. The document contains three sections and three appendices: Section 1 includes an introduction and metrics data, Section 2 is a compilation of the task reports in an order representative of its ground, flight or ATD status and the science discipline it represents, and Section 3 is the bibliography. The three appendices, in the order of presentation, are: Appendix A - a microgravity science acronym list, Appendix B - a list of guest investigators associated with a biotechnology task, and Appendix C - an index of the currently funded principal investigators.

Source record↗

NASA NTRS1993

Joint University Program for Air Transportation Research, 1991-1992

This report summarizes the research conducted during the academic year 1991-1992 under the FAA/NASA sponsored Joint University Program for Air Transportation Research. The year end review was held at Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, June 18-19, 1992. The Joint University Program is a coordinated set of three grants sponsored by the Federal Aviation Administration and NASA Langley Research Center, one each with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (NGL-22-009-640), Ohio University (NGR-36-009-017), and Princeton University (NGL-31-001-252). Completed works, status reports, and annotated bibliographies are presented for research topics, which include navigation, guidance and control theory and practice, intelligent flight control, flight dynamics, human factors, and air traffic control processes. An overview of the year's activities for each university is also presented.

Morrell, Frederick R.↗

NASA NTRS1995

FAA/NASA Joint University Program for Air Transportation Research: 1993-1994

This report summarizes the research conducted during the academic year 1993-1994 under the NASA/FAA sponsored Joint University Program for Air Transportation Research. The year end review was held at Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, July 14-15, 1994. The Joint University Program is a coordinated set of three grants sponsored by NASA Langley Research Center and the Federal Aviation Administration, one each with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (NGL-22-009-640), Ohio University (NGR-36-009-017), and Princeton University (NGL-31-001-252). Completed works, status reports, and annotated bibliographies are presented for research topics which include navigation, guidance and control theory and practice, aircraft performance, human factors, and expert systems concepts applied to aircraft and airport operations. An overview of the year's activities for each university is also presented.

Hueschen, Richard M.↗

NASA NTRS1993

Human factors in incident reporting

The paper proposes a cooperative research effort be undertaken by academic institutions and industry organizations toward the compilation of a human factors data base in conjunction with technical information. Team members in any discipline can benefit and learn from observing positive examples of decision making and performance by crews under stressful or less than optimal circumstances. The opportunity to note trends in interpersonal and interactive behaviors and to categorize them is terms of more or less desirable outcomes should not be missed.

Jones, S. G.↗

NASA NTRS1994

Airborne Windshear Detection and Warning Systems. Fifth and Final Combined Manufacturers' and Technologists' Conference, part 2

The Fifth Combined Manufacturers' and Technologists' Airborne Windshear Review Meeting was hosted by the NASA Langley Research Center and the Federal Aviation Administration in Hampton, Virginia, on September 28-30, 1993. The purpose was to report on the highly successful windshear experiments conducted by government, academic institutions, and industry; to transfer the results to regulators, manufacturers, and users; and to set initiatives for future aeronautics technology research. The formal sessions covered recent developments in windshear flight testing, windshear modeling, flight management, and ground-based systems, airborne windshear detection systems, certification and regulatory issues, and development and applications of sensors for wake vortices and for synthetic and enhanced vision systems. This report was compiled to record and make available the technology updates and materials from the conference.

Delnore, Victor E.↗

NASA NTRS2003

2002 NASA Faculty Fellowship Program at Glenn Research Center

While several objectives are served with this program, the central mechanism involved is the conduct of research assignments by faculty in direct support of NASA programs. In general, the results of the research will be assimilated by NASA program managers into an overall effort and will ultimately find their way into the literature. Occasionally, specific assignments result directly in reports for publication or conference presentation. Taken as a body, the assignments represent a large intellectual contribution by the academic community to NASA programs. It is appropriate therefore to summarize the research that was accomplished. The remainder of this report consists of research summaries arranged alphabetically by participant name. For each summary, the faculty fellow is briefly identified and the assignment prepared by the GRC host organization is given. This is followed by a brief narrative, prepared by the fellow, of the research performed. Narratives provided by the accompanying students immediately follow the narratives of their professors.

Prahl, Joseph M.↗

NASA NTRS1994

Airborne Windshear Detection and Warning Systems. Fifth and Final Combined Manufacturers' and Technologists' Conference, part 1

The Fifth (and Final) Combined Manufacturers' and Technologists' Airborne Windshear Review Meeting was hosted jointly by the NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in Hampton, Virginia, on September 28-30, 1993. The purpose of the meeting was to report on the highly successful windshear experiments conducted by government, academic institutions, and industry; to transfer the results to regulators, manufacturers, and users; and to set initiatives for future aeronautics technology research. The formal sessions covered recent developments in windshear flight testing; windshear modeling, flight management, and ground-based systems; airborne windshear detection systems; certification and regulatory issues; development and applications of sensors for wake vortex detection; and synthetic and enhanced vision systems.

Delnore, Victor E.↗

NASA NTRS2004

Spatial Information Technology Center at Fulton-Montgomery Community College

The Spatial Information Technology Center (SITC) at Fulton-Montgomery Community College (FMCC) continued to fulfill its mission and charter by successfully completing its third year of operations under Congressional funding and NASA sponsorship. Third year operations (01 Oct 02 - 30 Sep 03) have been funded and conducted utilizing two authorized Research Grants NAG 13-00043 (via a one-year no-cost extension expiring Sep 03) and NAG 13-02053 (one-year no-cost extension expiring Sep 04). Drawdowns and reporting of fiscal activities for SlTC operations continues to pass through the Institute for the Application of Geo-spatial Technology (IAGT) at Cayuga Community College in Auburn, New York. Fiscal activity of the Center is reported quarterly via SF 272 to IAGT, thus this report contains only a budgetary overview and forecast of future expenditures for the remaining funds of NAG 13 - 02053. Funds from NAG 13 - 00043 were exhausted during the fourth quarter of fiscal year FY02 - 03, which necessitated initial draw down of NAG 13 - 02053. The IAGT receives no compensation for administrative costs as authorized and approved by NASA in each award budget. This report also includes the necessary addendums for each NAG award, as required by federal guidelines, though no reportable activities took place within this report period. Attached are the signed Report of New Technology/lnventions and a Final Property Report identifying qualifying equipment purchased by the Center. As an academic, economic and workforce development oriented program, the Center has made significant strides in bringing the technology, knowledge and applications of the spatial information technology field to the region it serves. Through the mission of the Center, the region's educational, economic development and work force communities have become increasingly educated to the benefits of spatial (Geospatial) technology, particularly in the region's K-12 arena. SlTC continues to positively affect the region's education, employment and economic development, while expanding its services and operations designed to be customer driven, growing infrastructure and affecting systemic change.

Flinton, Michael E.↗

NASA NTRS2021

A Practical Guide to Writing a Radiative Transfer Code

Using our decades-long experience in radiative transfer (RT) code development for Earth science, we endeavor to reduce the knowledge gap of bringing RT from theory to code quickly. Despite numerous classic and recent literature, it is still hard to develop anRT code from scratch within a few weeks. It is equally hard to understand, not to mention modify, an existing “monster” RT code, for which the developer is either located remotely or has retired. Following the format of “Numerical Recipes” by Press et al., we collocate in this paper small pieces of necessary theory with corresponding small pieces of RT code. These are arranged in an order that is natural for code development, which is often opposite of the natural order for laying out the theoretical basis. We focus on the transfer of unpolarized monochromatic solar radiation in a plane-parallel atmosphere over a reflecting surface. Both the surface and the atmosphere are homogeneous (uniform) at all directions. The multiple scattering is numerically solved using the deterministic method of Gauss-Seidel iterations. Except for the presented Python-Numba open-source RT code gsit, the paper does not report any new scientific results, but rather serves as an academic demonstration. If development time is an issue or the reader is familiar with basic concepts of RT theory, we recommend proceeding directly to Sec.3 “RT code development.

multiple light scattering↗

NASA NTRS1994

A hypertext-based Internet-assessable database for the MSFC Technology Transfer Office

There exists a continuing need to disseminate technical information and facilities capabilities from NASA field centers in an effort to promote the successful transfer of technologies developed with public funds to the private sector. As technology transfer is a stated NASA mission, there exists a critical need for NASA centers to document technology capabilities and disseminate this information on as wide a basis as possible. Certainly local and regional dissemination is critical, but global dissemination of scientific and engineering facilities and capabilities gives NASA centers the ability to contribute to technology transfer on a much broader scale. Additionally, information should be disseminated in a complete and rapidly available form. To accomplish this information dissemination, the unique capabilities of the Internet are being exploited. The Internet allows widescale information distribution in a rapid fashion to aid in the accomplishment of technology transfer goals established by the NASA/MSFC Technology Transfer Office. Rapid information retrieval coupled with appropriate electronic feedback, allows the scientific and technical capabilities of Marshall Space Flight Center, often unique in the world, to be explored by a large number of potential benefactors of NASA (or NASA-derived) technologies. Electronic feedback, coupled with personal contact with the MSFC Technology Transfer Office personnel, allows rapid responses to technical requests from industry and academic personnel as well as private citizens. The remainder of this report gives a brief overview of the Mosaic software and a discussion of technology transfer office and laboratory facilities data that have been made available on the Internet to promote technology transfer.

Jackson, Jeff↗