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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 37 records · Page 2
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2024

Development and Commercialization of a Nanosegrated Oxygen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalyst (CRADA)

This collaborative project leverages advanced characterization tools, catalyst treatment and electrochemical testing capabilities at LBNL to help commercialize a bimetallic nanosegrated catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction in proton-exchange membrane water electrolyzers. This project also has three industrial partners who are involved in catalyst scale-up synthesis, large electrode fabrication and large electrode electrochemical testing. This project investigates a broad range of topics including electrocatalysis, ink rheology and electrode fabrication and testing. This knowledge could help bridge the performance and durability gap from laboratory-developed materials (such as electrocatalysts) to applications in commercial devices. The research results also bring fundamental understanding of possible degradation mechanisms that occur under extremely oxidative potentials including material and morphological changes. The project will help accelerate the deployment of proton-exchange membrane water electrolyzers. The public benefits could include creating jobs and increasing public awareness of potential clean technologies for green hydrogen production. Ultimately, the project will help national wide effort of flighting climate change and achieving carbon neutrality by 2050.

30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION↗
DOE OSTI2022

Recent Developments of Commercially Fabricated Horn Antenna-Coupled Transition-Edge Sensor Bolometer Detectors for Next-Generation Cosmic Microwave Background Polarimetry Experiments

Here we report on the successful fabrication of orthomode transducer-coupled transition-edge sensor (TES) bolometer arrays for cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarimetry experiments with the superconductor electronics fabrication facility at SEEQC Inc. Commercial microfabrication foundry could provide increase in detector fabrication throughput for a next-generation CMB experiment, CMB-S4, that would deploy approximately one order of magnitude more detectors than current CMB experiments. We also developed TES bolometers with two TESs in series that have two different superconducting temperatures (Tc) using a superconducting proximity effect between niobium (Nb) and aluminum-manganese (AlMn) alloy. We will discuss the motivation, design considerations, fabrication processes, test results, and how industrial detector fabrication could be a path to fabricate hundreds of detector wafers for future CMB polarimetry experiments and other experiments that require TESs and superconducting RF circuits.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2026

Rare Earth Production in the United States: A Concise Review of Resource Development and Commercial Processes

This review article presents a concise review of estimated resources, processing methods and challenges involved in domestic rare earth mining projects in the United States (US). It also highlights the current status of major mining projects, anticipated rare earth production in the near future, and commercial projects utilizing non-traditional feedstocks for rare earth production and recycling. Based on the current industry outlook, opportunities for R&D have also been highlighted. Perspective on domestic rare earth production capability is essential because global rare earth production is currently dominated by China. Given potential export controls by China, this imbalance has created supply chain risk. The US and other countries have limited rare earth production capacity and relatively little expertise in rare earth processing. However, in the last decade, efforts have been made by several nations, including the US, to reduce their reliance on China for rare earth and other critical minerals. The US is currently investing in projects to develop domestic rare earth separation and refining capacity. These projects are discussed here. When backed by R&D and government support, these projects have potential to make significant progress towards establishment of domestic rare earth separation capabilities.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2022

Challenges and Opportunities for the Development of Commercial Maritime Surface Vessel Nuclear Propulsion (CMNP)

Maritime transport and trade are currently responsible for producing nearly 1 billion metric tons of CO2 emissions annually, representing 2.5% of global greenhouse gas emissions. While maritime shipping is acknowledged as the most efficient carrier of goods in terms of its costs and carbon intensity, the sector relies overwhelmingly on the use of heavy fuel oil (HFO). This fuel source currently is unmatched in terms of its global availability, safety, security of supply, price, and energy density. Combined, these characteristics are responsible for the outsized contribution of the sector to the global economy: roughly 90% of all transported goods spend time at sea. Commercial maritime nuclear propulsion provides opportunities to transition maritime trade to clean energy but also comes with challenges. Both are covered in this report based on 60+ interviews with professionals from the maritime and nuclear energy sectors.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗
DOE OSTI2023

Development and Commercialization of Heavy-Duty Battery Electric Trucks Under Diverse Climate Conditions (DTNA EMG Innovation eCascadia 2.0 Final Technical Report)

During this project DTNA advanced heavy-duty transportation technologies to produce the eCascadia 2.0, a fully commercialized Class 7/8 electric tractor with the range and durability to meet the needs of 70% of freight movement in the United States. The eCascadia2.0 provides flexibility, operational performance, efficiency, and maintenance cost savings to the end user. The most direct outcome of this project is a commercially viable zero-emission heavy duty option with a 250-mile daily range and sufficient payload for regional haul duty cycles. The larger outcome is an acceleration of the market transformation away from petroleum-based fuels. DTNA’s comprehensive sales team, dealer network, customer network and maintenance and support teams will ensure that this is not a standalone zero-emission truck, but rather one that can be produced, marketed, and operated at scale to realize vast greenhouse gas and criteria pollutant emissions reductions, while also bringing zero emission vehicles closer to cost parity.

33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Development and Commercialization of a Nanosegrated Oxygen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalyst

The research under this CRADA adds to the understanding of how catalyst activity and durability should be balanced and tailored for oxygen evolution reaction. The research also provides technical insights in how catalyst degradation might occur under long-term operation under highly oxidative and acidic conditions. In longer term, the project could benefit the pubic by enabling more efficient, affordable and reliable electrolysis technologies.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2018

Considerations of Alloy N Code Extension for Commercial Molten Salt Reactor Development and Deployment

For commercial development and deployment of the molten salt reactor, a structural alloy that provides both strength at high temperature and resistance to very corrosive molten salt environment is required. To meet this requirement, a survey is conducted on domestic and international candidate alloys. Alloy N turns out to be the sole frontrunner in readiness for qualification to enable the desired deployment within an estimated 10 years. A review of the qualification for commercial nuclear applications indicates that Alloy N has met a large portion of the requirements. Gaps in the qualification are also identified. A search for historical data is underway to retrieve information needed for filling the gaps and upgrading the qualification. Scope of the discovered historical data is briefly discussed and strategic planning for research and development pathway is suggested to ensure successful evolution in commercial deployment of the molten salt reactor system.

Ren, Weiju↗
DOE OSTI2024

WETO Software Stack Best Practices

Wind energy researchers typically share one key characteristic: a passion for increasing wind energy in the global energy mix. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) supports this mission in a number of ways including allocating funding directly to various aspects of wind energy research through the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) via the Wind Energy Technologies Office (WETO). While the traditional output of research is academic publication, software development efforts are increasingly a major focus. Software tools in the research environment allow researchers to describe an idea and quickly increase the scope and scale as they study it further. As a product of research, these tools represent a direct pipeline from researcher to industry practitioners since they are the implementation of ideas described in academic publications. Given this vital role in wind energy research and commercial development, the broad research software portfolio supported by WETO must maintain a minimum level of quality to support the wind energy field in the growing transition to renewable energy. This report outlines a series o f best practices to be adopted by all WETO-supported software projects, as well as expectations that the communities interacting with these projects should have of the developers and tools themselves. Wind energy research software has a unique standing in the field of scientific software. The stakeholders are varied with a subset being: (1) DOE EERE leadership, (2) DOE WETO leadership and program managers, (3) National lab leadership, (4) Associated project principle investigators, (5) Research software engineers, (6) Wind energy researchers in academia (including graduate students, post docs, and national lab staff), (7) Industry researchers and practitioners, (8) Commercial software developers, and (9) The general public interested in wind energy. These software are typically the end-user of other generic software libraries, so the funding cycles are often tied to applied research rather than the development of the software itself. Since the developers are also wind energy researchers, these tools are typically designed in a way that closely resembles the application in which they're used. Additionally, the expertise and incentives for the developers have a high variability, and often neither are aligned with software engineering or computer science. Given the unique environment in which wind energy research software is produced and consumed, it is critical for model owners to understand the context of their software. A framework for developing this understanding is to answer the following questions of a given software project: What is it's purpose? What is its role in the field of wind energy? What is the profile of the expected users? For how long will it be relevant? What is the expected impact? These questions allow model owners to identify the appropriate methods for the design, development, and long term maintenance of their software. Additionally, the answer provide context for future planners to understand why particular decisions were made and discern the consequences of changing course. The information is aggregated from experience within WETO-supported software development groups as well as external organizations and efforts to define the craft of research software engineering. These best practices aim to make the collaborative development process efficient and effective while improving the model understanding across stakeholders. Additionally, the general adoption of a common framework for software quality ensures that the end users of WETO software can trust these tools and accurately understand the risks to workflow integration.

17 WIND ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2019

Technical and Programmatic Consequences of a Hypersonic Vehicle Flight Test Ban

The hypersonic vehicle (HV) is defined as any vehicle capable of traveling at or above five times the local speed of sound (Mach 5). Development of hypersonic flight has been pursued since the late 1950s, especially for reentry of missile warheads and returning orbiting spacecraft. Although considerable progress has been made since then, air- breathing and gliding hypersonic flight remains in the development and testing phase. Concerns have been raised, however, about continued HV flight tests because of HV's potential military use, which has the potential to encourage hair-trigger tactics that would increase crisis instability. In recent years, non-governmental organizations have called for a ban on HV flight testing for the primary purpose of halting continued development of the HV as a weapon. The emphasis on banning flight tests is due to its vital role in aerospace programs. Without it, significant technical uncertainties remain, creating safety and reliability issues that would discourage commercial development. Although the cost and time involved in flight tests have already spurred the use of other test methods, none can completely reproduce the flight test environment. Flight tests are important for reasons such as generating data unique to flight test environments to use in validating models and verifying ground test data, identifying unanticipated problems, and reducing risk. Commercial HV technology development today depends on advancements in four areas: propulsion; aerodynamics; critical guidance, navigation and control; and thermal management. This report summarizes the ramifications on HV technology development if flight tests were banned.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2022

Techno-Economic Analysis of Integrated Gasification Fuel Cell Systems

This National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) study describes the results of a pathway study for coal-based integrated gasification and solid oxide fuel cell (IGFC) power systems with and without carbon capture and storage. Two pathway scenarios are considered, based on the operating pressure of the SOFC. Three gasification technologies, including a conventional technology, differing in the syngas methane content, which has a significant effect on the IGFC system performance, were considered. The performance and cost benefits were estimated for a series of projected gains made through the development of advances in the component technologies or improvements in plant costs and availability. The objective of the study is to provide targeted research and development guidance to the FECM SOFC Program and SOFC commercial developers.

30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION↗
DOE OSTI2026

Wyoming CarbonSAFE Phase III: Site Characterization and Permitting Commercial-Scale Carbon Storage Complex Feasibility Study at Dry Fork Station, Wyoming

This report presents the findings of the technical and non-technical site characterization and permitting activities (“Phase III”) conducted under the Wyoming CarbonSAFE: Accelerating CCUS Commercialization and Deployment at Dry Fork Power Station (DFS) and the Wyoming Integrated Test Center project (“Wyoming CarbonSAFE”). Wyoming CarbonSAFE is part of the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) Carbon Storage Assurance Facility Enterprise (“CarbonSAFE”) Initiative. The results of Phase III demonstrate that the Wyoming CarbonSAFE project - referred to as the Northern Powder River Basin Carbon Sequestration Hub (NPRB-CSH) - meets the technical, regulatory, and commercial feasibility requirements necessary to advance toward commercial development and construction. The activities completed under this project Phase make the NPRB-CSH one of the region’s most commercially ready carbon storage sites. Completion of this Phase included the finalization of all site surface and subsurface characterization activities, completion and testing of two Class VI standard wells, 10 draft Class VI permits-to construct to address the future needs of a storage complex, finalized NEPA assessments, transportation and capture FEED studies, and a full commercialization strategy with economic modeling, operation and site closure strategies. The NPRB-CSH meets all requirements to progress to a CarbonSAFE Phase IV program or advance to full commercial operations under the development of a business partner.

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT↗