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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1995

Magnetic Field Experiment Data Analysis System

The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL) Magnetic Field Experiment Data Analysis System (MFEDAS) has been developed to process and analyze satellite magnetic field experiment data from the TRIAD, MAGSAT, AMPTE/CCE, Viking, Polar BEAR, DMSP, HILAT, UARS, and Freja satellites. The MFEDAS provides extensive data management and analysis capabilities. The system is based on standard data structures and a standard user interface. The MFEDAS has two major elements: (1) a set of satellite unique telemetry processing programs for uniform and rapid conversion of the raw data to a standard format and (2) the program Magplot which has file handling, data analysis, and data display sections. This system is an example of software reuse, allowing new data sets and software extensions to be added in a cost effective and timely manner. Future additions to the system will include the addition of standard format file import routines, modification of the display routines to use a commercial graphics package based on X-Window protocols, and a generic utility for telemetry data access and conversion.

Holland, D. B.↗
NASA NTRS1988

The JPL MSAT mobile laboratory and the pilot field experiments

A Mobile Laboratory/Propagation Measurement Van (PMV) was developed to support the field experiments of the Mobile Satellite Experiment (MSAT-X) Project. This van was designed to provide flexibility, self-sufficiency and data acquisition to allow for both measurement of equipment performance and the mobile environment. The design philosophy and implementation of the PMV are described. The Pilot Field Experiments and an overall description of the three experiments in which the PMV was used are described.

Berner, Jeff B.↗
NASA NTRS1990

Advanced Solid-State Array Spectroradiometer (ASAS) support of 1989 field experiments

An overview of the ASAS data acquired in support of the 1989 field experiments is presented and data quality is discussed. The precision of the ASAS data is considered through the presentation of SNRs derived from both field and laboratory data. ASAS is an airborne, off-nadir pointing, imaging spectroradiometer that acquires digital image data for 29 visible and near-infrared spectral bands (465 to 871 nm) with a spectral resolution of 15 nm. Surfaces observed for the field experiments include volcanic surfaces and a playa within a sparsely vegetated semiarid ecosystem, grass canopies within a prairie ecosystem, and tree canopies within a northern forest ecosystem. It is shown that calibrated ASAS data are sufficiently exact for investigations of the directional distribution of radiation scattered from terrestrial surfaces.

Irons, James R.↗
NASA NTRS2008

The NASA Real Time Mission Monitor - A Situational Awareness Tool for Conducting Tropical Cyclone Field Experiments

The NASA Real Time Mission Monitor (RTMM) is a situational awareness tool that integrates satellite, aircraft state information, airborne and surface instruments, and weather state data in to a single visualization package for real time field experiment management. RTMM optimizes science and logistic decision-making during field experiments by presenting timely data and graphics to the users to improve real time situational awareness of the experiment's assets. The RTMM is proven in the field as it supported program managers, scientists, and aircraft personnel during the NASA African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analyses (investigated African easterly waves and Tropical Storm Debby and Helene) during August-September 2006 in Cape Verde, the Tropical Composition, Cloud and Climate Coupling experiment during July-August 2007 in Costa Rica, and the Hurricane Aerosonde mission into Hurricane Noel in 2-3 November 2007. The integration and delivery of this information is made possible through data acquisition systems, network communication links, and network server resources built and managed by collaborators at NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) and Dryden Flight Research Center (DFRC). RTMM is evolving towards a more flexible and dynamic combination of sensor ingest, network computing, and decision-making activities through the use of a service oriented architecture based on community standards and protocols. Each field experiment presents unique challenges and opportunities for advancing the functionality of RTMM. A description of RTMM, the missions it has supported, and its new features that are under development will be presented.

Goodman, Michael↗
NASA NTRS1968

Planetary magnetic field experiments.

Planetary magnetic field measurements near Venus, Mars, and moon, noting magnetic dipole comparison with earth and solar wind interactions

Smith, E. J.↗
NASA NTRS2015

Evaluation of Fast-Time Wake Models Using Denver 2006 Field Experiment Data

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration conducted a series of wake vortex field experiments at Denver in 2003, 2005, and 2006. This paper describes the lidar wake vortex measurements and associated meteorological data collected during the 2006 deployment, and includes results of recent reprocessing of the lidar data using a new wake vortex algorithm and estimates of the atmospheric turbulence using a new algorithm to estimate eddy dissipation rate from the lidar data. The configuration and set-up of the 2006 field experiment allowed out-of-ground effect vortices to be tracked in lateral transport further than any previous campaign and thereby provides an opportunity to study long-lived wake vortices in moderate to low crosswinds. An evaluation of NASA's fast-time wake vortex transport and decay models using the dataset shows similar performance as previous studies using other field data.

Ahmad, Nash’at N.↗
NASA NTRS2000

Field Experiments with Planetary Surface Rovers: Lessons for Mars Mission Architecture

Over the last decade, a variety of field experiments have been performed that simulate operations of a rover on Mars. These, in combination with the Pathfinder experience, lead to a realistic assessment of rover mission capabilities and to recommendations for rover technology and mission architecture to improve the science return of Mars exploration. A table summarizes field experiments that represent a range of possible mission designs and operational strategies. The experiments varied by the type and quality of imaging systems and other instrumentation, the use of orbital and aerial imaging and spectroscopy, the communcation bandwidth and command strategy, and the distance traveled. All mission simulations were blind field tests operated by science teams whose interpretations were compared to field ground truth providing an assessment of the accuracy of remote science interpretations and a better understanding of where improvements are needed.

Stoker, Carol↗
NASA NTRS1977

Magnetic field experiment for Voyagers 1 and 2

The magnetic field experiments of the Voyager program involve studies of the planetary fields of Jupiter, Saturn, possibly Uranus, and several satellites; the solar wind and satellite interactions with the planetary fields, as well as large- and micro-scale features of the interplanetary magnetic field will also be investigated. Dual low field and high field magnetometer systems with dynamic ranges of + or - 0.5 G and + or - 20 G respectively provide high reliability for the missions and permit the separation of the spacecraft and ambient fields. Quantization uncertainty, rms noise levels and data compaction schemes of the magnetometer systems are also mentioned.

Behannon, K. W.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Magnetic field experiment for Voyagers 1 and 2

The magnetic field experiment to be carried on the Voyager 1 and 2 missions consists of dual low field (LFM) and high field magnetometer (HFM) systems. The dual systems provide greater reliability and, in the case of the LFM's, permit the separation of spacecraft magnetic fields from the ambient fields. Additional reliability is achieved through electronics redundancy. The wide dynamic ranges of plus or minus 0.5G for the LFM's and plus or minus 20G for the HFM's, low quantization uncertainty of plus or minus 0.002 gamma in the most sensitive (plus or minus 8 gamma) LFM range, low sensor RMS noise level of 0.006 gamma, and use of data compaction schemes to optimize the experiment information rate all combine to permit the study of a broad spectrum of phenomena during the mission. Planetary fields at Jupiter, Saturn, and possibly Uranus; satellites of these planets; solar wind and satellite interactions with the planetary fields; and the large-scale structure and microscale characteristics of the interplanetary magnetic field are studied. The interstellar field may also be measured.

Behannon, K. W.↗
NASA NTRS1994

Field Experiments using Telepresence and Virtual Reality to Control Remote Vehicles: Application to Mars Rover Missions

This paper will describe a series of field experiments to develop and demonstrate file use of Telepresence and Virtual Reality systems for controlling rover vehicles on planetary surfaces. In 1993, NASA Ames deployed a Telepresence-Controlled Remotely Operated underwater Vehicle (TROV) into an ice-covered sea environment in Antarctica. The goal of the mission was to perform scientific exploration of an unknown environment using a remote vehicle with telepresence and virtual reality as a user interface. The vehicle was operated both locally, from above a dive hole in the ice through which it was launched, and remotely over a satellite communications link from a control room at NASA's Ames Research center, for over two months. Remote control used a bidirectional Internet link to the vehicle control computer. The operator viewed live stereo video from the TROV along with a computer-gene rated graphic representation of the underwater terrain showing file vehicle state and other related information. Tile actual vehicle could be driven either from within the virtual environment or through a telepresence interface. In March 1994, a second field experiment was performed in which [lie remote control system developed for the Antarctic TROV mission was used to control the Russian Marsokhod Rover, an advanced planetary surface rover intended for launch in 1998. Marsokhod consists of a 6-wheel chassis and is capable of traversing several kilometers of terrain each day, The rover can be controlled remotely, but is also capable of performing autonomous traverses. The rover was outfitted with a manipulator arm capable of deploying a small instrument, collecting soil samples, etc. The Marsokhod rover was deployed at Amboy Crater in the Mojave desert, a Mars analog site, and controlled remotely from Los Angeles. in two operating modes: (1) a Mars rover mission simulation with long time delay and (2) a Lunar rover mission simulation with live action video. A team of planetary geologists participated in the mission simulation. The scientific goal of the science mission was to determine what could be learned about the geologic context of the site using the capabilities of imaging and mobility provided by the Marsokhod system in these two modes of operation. I will discuss the lessons learned from these experiments in terms of the strategy for performing Mars surface exploration using rovers. This research is supported by the Solar System Exploration Exobiology, Geology, and Advanced Technology programs.

Stoker, Carol↗
NASA NTRS2011

Vegetation Water Content Mapping in a Diverse Agricultural Landscape: National Airborne Field Experiment 2006

Mapping land cover and vegetation characteristics on a regional scale is critical to soil moisture retrieval using microwave remote sensing. In aircraft-based experiments such as the National Airborne Field Experiment 2006 (NAFE 06), it is challenging to provide accurate high resolution vegetation information, especially on a daily basis. A technique proposed in previous studies was adapted here to the heterogenous conditions encountered in NAFE 06, which included a hydrologically complex landscape consisting of both irrigated and dryland agriculture. Using field vegetation sampling and ground-based reflectance measurements, the knowledge base for relating the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) and the vegetation water content was extended to a greater diversity of agricultural crops, which included dryland and irrigated wheat, alfalfa, and canola. Critical to the generation of vegetation water content maps, the land cover for this region was determined from satellite visible/infrared imagery and ground surveys with an accuracy of 95.5% and a kappa coefficient of 0.95. The vegetation water content was estimated with a root mean square error of 0.33 kg/sq m. The results of this investigation contribute to a more robust database of global vegetation water content observations and demonstrate that the approach can be applied with high accuracy. Keywords: Vegetation, field experimentation, thematic mapper, NDWI, agriculture.

Cosh, Michael H.↗
NASA NTRS1986

The first International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project (ISLSCP) Field Experiment - FIFE

The International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project (ISLSCP) will verify the use of satellite data for the estimation of land-surface properties through field experiments using point measurements on the ground and areal measurements from aircraft overflights. It will study approaches for obtaining areal averages of the radiation, moisture, and heat fluxes made using remotely sensed data, by combining the surface point measurements of the fluxes with the aircraft areal observations using a surface energy balance model. Surface parameters to be estimated from aircraft observations include: surface radiation temperature, albedo, land cover or vegetation index, and surface soil moisture. The latter will be obtained using passive and active microwave approaches. The area-averages of the surface properties will be compared with satellite data. The First ISLSCP Field Experiment is planned for a site having relatively uniform vegetation cover in the central great plains of the U.S.A.

Schmugge, T. J.↗
NASA NTRS1985

The First International Satellite Land-Surface Climatology Project (ISLSCP) Field Experiment (FIFE)

The International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project (ISLSCP) will verify the use of satellite data for the estimation of land-surface properties through field experiments using point measurements on the ground and areal measurements from aircraft overflights. In addition to validating satellite estimates of surface properties, it studies approaches for obtaining areal averages of the radiation, moisture and heat fluxes made using remotely sensed data. The procedure suggested combines the surface point measurements of the fluxes with the aircraft areal observations using a surface energy balance model to interpolate between the point estimates of these fluxes and calculate area-averaged quantities. The surface parameters to be estimated from aircraft observations include: surface radiation temperature, albedo, land cover or vegetation index, and surface soil moisture (the latter to be obtained using passive and active microwave approaches). The area-averages of the surface properties are compared with satellite data where possible. The First ISLSCP Field Experiment is planned for l987 at a site having relatively uniform vegetation cover in the central great plains of the USA. for 1987 at a site having relatively uniform vegetation cover in the central great plains of the USA.

Schmugge, T. J.↗
NASA NTRS1994

MODIS airborne simulator visible and near-infrared calibration, 1991 FIRE-Cirrus field experiment. Calibration version: FIRE King 1.1

Calibration of the visible and near-infrared channels of the MODIS Airborne Simulator (MAS) is derived from observations of a calibrated light source. For the 1991 FIRE-Cirrus field experiment, the calibrated light source was the NASA Goddard 48-inch integrating hemisphere. Laboratory tests during the FIRE Cirrus field experiment were conducted to calibrate the hemisphere and from the hemisphere to the MAS. The purpose of this report is to summarize the FIRE-Cirrus hemisphere calibration, and then describe how the MAS was calibrated from observations of the hemisphere data. All MAS calibration measurements are presented, and determination of the MAS calibration coefficients (raw counts to radiance conversion) is discussed. Thermal sensitivity of the MAS visible and near-infrared calibration is also discussed. Typically, the MAS in-flight is 30 to 60 degrees C colder than the room temperature laboratory calibration. Results from in-flight temperature measurements and tests of the MAS in a cold chamber are given, and from these, equations are derived to adjust the MAS in-flight data to what the value would be at laboratory conditions. For FIRE-Cirrus data, only channels 3 through 6 were found to be temperature sensitive. The final section of this report describes comparisons to an independent MAS (room temperature) calibration by Ames personnel using their 30-inch integrating sphere.

Arnold, G. Thomas↗