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Thermally insensitive determinations of transition probabilities for CI, OI, NeI, AlII, SiI, SiII, Pi, PII, SI, SII, and ClI
Rocket observations of the dayglow spectrum between 530 and 1500A were obtained on 9 January 1978 at a solar zenith angle of 56 deg. Data were obtained from 80 to 260 km with viewing angles of 40, 90, and 180 deg to the local zenith. OI emissions were observed at 989, 1027, 1152, 1304, and 1356A. Analysis of these data with a radiative transfer model using the energy dependences of currently accepted excitation cross sections, branching ratios and photoelectron fluxes shows that electron impact excitation is the primary source of these emissions. The infrared emission rates at 7990 and 11287A are also calculated in this analysis for comparison with previous observations and estimates.
The transport of resonance radiation under optically thick conditions is shown to be accurately described by a Monte Carlo model of the atomic oxygen 1304 A airglow triplet in which partial frequency redistribution, temperature gradients, pure absorption and multilevel scattering are accounted for. All features of the data can be explained by photoelectron impact excitation and the resonant scattering of sunlight, where the latter source dominates below 100 and above 500 km and is stronger at intermediate altitudes than previously thought. It is concluded that the OI 1304 A emission can be used in studies of excitation processes and atomic oxygen densities in planetary atmospheres.
A first set of observations of the (OI) 3P to 3P1 (145.5 micron) transition was obtained. The line was observed both in a beam centered on the Trapezium, and in a 7 times wider beam encompassing most of the Orion Nebula. A wide beam map of the region was constructed which shows that most of the emission is confined to the central regions of the nebula. These observations may be compared with reported measurement of the 3P1 to 3P2 (63.2 micron) transition in Orion and are consistent with optically thin emission in the 145.5 micron line and self-adsorbed 63.2 micron emission lines. Mechanisms are discussed for the excitation of neutral oxygen. It is included that much of the observed emission originates in the thin, radio-recombination-line-emitting CII/HI envelope bordering on the HII region.
Attention is given to the morphology and origin of the OI 989 A emission in the tropical nightglow. Dielectronic recombination of O(+) is suggested as the mechanism responsible for populating the 3s' 3D0 state of this 2p4 3P 3s' 3D0 emission. The spectrometer used is that aboard the STP 78-1 satellite, which is in sun-synchronous orbit. The emission morphology is characterized by tropical arcs on each side of the dip equator.
The sensitivity of selected auroral emissions to anticipated changes in the neutral atmosphere was investigated from the results of a series of sensitivity studies conducted using an auroral emission code developed by Richards and Torr (1990). In particular, the behavior of OI 1356 and two Lyman Birge Hopfield (LBH) bands and their ratios to each other with changing atmospheric composition was examined. It was found that, for anticipated average uncertainties in the neutral atmosphere (factor 2 at auroral altitudes), the resultant change in the modeled intensities is comparable to or less than the uncertainty in the neutral atmosphere. The variation in the I 1356/I 1838 ratio over the equivalent of a solar cycle is less than 50 percent, and the summer-to-winter changes are approximately a factor of 2.
Interstellar CII and OI forbidden lines were observed by the Balloon-Borne Infrared Telescope (BIRT) with a Fabry-Perot spectrometer. Two balloon flights were successfully made. With a method of 'frequency switching', diffuse CII forbidden-line emission was efficiently detected and mapped in extended regions around HII/molecular cloud complexes and in a wide area of the Galactic plane. It has been shown that the CII forbidden-line emission is very strong and ubiquitously distributed in interstellar space in the Galaxy.
In the present work (this paper), we have measured the photoabsorption cross section of 0(sub 2) at the OI triplet lines (1302.17, 1304.86, 1306.03u at temperatures 295, 373, 473, and 573K.
We present a striking event that shows a prompt effect of an X-class solar flare (X6.2/3B) in the neutral optical dayglow emissions. This flare occurred on 13 December 2001 at 1424 UT and peaked at 1430 UT. The peak-to pre-flare X-ray intensity ratio as observed by GOES-10 was greater than 300 and the EUV flux observed by SEM/SOHO was greater by around 60%. As a response to this flare, the daytime redline (OI 630 nm) column integrated emission intensity measured from Carmen Alto (23.16degS, 70.66degW), in Chile, showed a prompt increase of around 50%. Our results show that this prompt enhancement in the thermospheric dayglow seems to be caused mainly due to an increase in photoelectrons due to a sudden increase in the solar EUV flux associated with this flare.
Context. HD 172555 is a young A7 star belonging to the Beta Pictoris Moving Group that harbours a debris disc. The Spitzer IRS spectrum of the source showed mid-IR features such as silicates and glassy silica species, indicating the presence of a warm dust component with small grains, which places HD 172555 among the small group of debris discs with such properties. The IRS spectrum also shows a possible emission of SiO gas. Aims. We aim to study the dust distribution in the circumstellar disc of HD 172555 and to asses the presence of gas in the debris disc. Methods. As part of the GASPS Open Time Key Programme, we obtained Herschel-PACS photometric and spectroscopic observations of the source. We analysed PACS observations of HD 172555 and modelled the Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) with a modified blackbody and the gas emission with a two-level population model with no collisional de-excitation. Results. We report for the first time the detection of [OI] atomic gas emission at 63.18 micrometers in the HD 172555 circumstellar disc.We detect excesses due to circumstellar dust toward HD 172555 in the three photometric bands of PACS (70, 100, and 160 m). We derive a large dust particle mass of (4.8 plus-minus 0.6)x10(exp -4) Mass compared to Earth and an atomic oxygen mass of 2.5x10(exp -2)R(exp 2) Mass compared to Earth, where R in AU is the separation between the star and the inner disc. Thus, most of the detected mass of the disc is in the gaseous phase.
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Spectroelectrophotometry of nitrogen molecules, nitrogen ions, oxygen iodide, & nitrogen iodide emissions in aurorae
Background measurements during photoelectric observations of atomic oxygen line emission for stellar and atmospheric continuum components
Resonance scattering of lyman alpha and oi/1300/ in upper atmosphere
Van Rhijn method used in determining height of 5577 angstrom airglow emission layer in Hawaii
Excitation and radiative heat transfer of atomic oxygen 1304 angstrom dayglow induced by solar radiation
Quiet aurora atomic O red and green lines intensity ratio measured from rocket
Excitation and radiative transport of 1304 A triplet of atomic oxygen for dayglow and aurora