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Results for “PHOTODECOMPOSITION”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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26 records · Page 2
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1988

Chemistry of the CO dimer at low temperatures

Researchers conducted a series of experiments on the chlorine-catalyzed photodecomposition of O sub 3 both in the gas and in inert solvents such as CF sub 4 and CO sub 2 in the temperature range about 190 to 225 K. The liquid medium was chosen in order to minimize possible surface loss of long-lived ClO dimer, and to aid in the stabilization of transient excited intermediates. The mechanism of dimer formation was as follows: (1) Cl sub 2 + hv yields Cl + Cl; (2) Cl + O sub 3 yields ClO + O sub 2; (3) ClO + ClO yields Cl sub 2 O sub 2. The experiments were done in cooled low temperature cells, with irradiation from an Osram high pressure mercury arc, filtered to remove radiation below 325 nm. Spectral analysis was by means of a Cary Model 2200 UV spectrometer. The principal objectives were: (1) to determine the lifetime of the dimer as a function of temperature; (2) to observe spectral changes in the mixtures which could be attributed to dimer or related products; and (3) to observe chemical or photochemical reactions of the dimer.

Demore, W. B.↗
NASA NTRS1990

A laboratory investigation of the production and properties of molecular and radical species pertinent to planetary atmospheres

Vinylidene (H2C=C) is shown to be the largest photodecomposition channel in the direct photolysis of both C2H2 and C2H4. The chemistry of H2C=C as it relates to planetary atmospheres is discussed. The vinyl radical (C2H3), important in the acetylene chemistry cycle, has been directly observed spectroscopically and the kinetics of several key reactions of this species measured.

Fahr, Askar↗
NASA NTRS1994

Deposition of tantalum carbide coatings on graphite by laser interactions

Graphite surfaces can be hardened and protected from erosion by hydrogen at high temperatures by refractory metal carbide coatings, which are usually prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or chemical vapor reaction (CVR) methods. These techniques rely on heating the substrate to a temperature where a volatile metal halide decomposes and reacts with either a hydrocarbon gas or with carbon from the substrate. For CVR techniques, deposition temperatures must be in excess of 2000 C in order to achieve favorable deposition kinetics. In an effort to lower the bulk substrate deposition temperature, the use of laser interactions with both the substrate and the metal halide deposition gas has been employed. Initial testing involved the use of a CO2 laser to heat the surface of a graphite substrate and a KrF excimer laser to accomplish a photodecomposition of TaCl5 gas near the substrate. The results of preliminary experiments using these techniques are described.

Veligdan, James↗
NASA NTRS2003

Formation and Survival of Amino Acids in Space

The detection of deuterium enrichments in meteoritic hydroxy and amino acids demonstrates that there is a connection between organic material in the interstellar medium and in primitive meteorites. It has generally been assumed that such molecules formed via reactions of small deuterium enriched insterstellar precursors in liquid water on a large asteroidal or cometary parent body. We have recently show that the W photolysis of interstellar/presolar ices can produce the amino acids alanine, serine, and glycine, as well as hydroxy acids, and glycerol, all of which have been extracted from the Murchison meteorite. Thus, some of the probiologically interesting organic compounds, compounds found in meteorites may have formed in presolar ice and have not solely been a product of parent body liquid water chemistry. We will report on our isotopic labeling studies of the mechanism of formation of these interesting compounds, and on astrophysically relevant kinetic studies UV photodecomposition of amino acid precursors in the solid state. This is our first year of exobiology funding on this project.

Bernstein, M. P.↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Degradation Characterization of Unsteady Pressure-Sensitive Paint Under Various Pressures

The lifetime and intensity techniques are two distinct methods used to measure the surface pressure of wind tunnel models with pressure-sensitive paint (PSP). When exposed to 405 nm light for extended periods, both the luminescence and the lifetime ratio were observed to decrease, affecting perceived pressure values. To help further the implementation of the uPSP, this paper describes the efforts to characterize the degradation of both the intensity of the paint and its lifetime ratio, as well as the change in intensity calibration. It was found that the paint degrades at different rates depending on the partial pressure of oxygen during excitation. It was also found that the calibration curves exhibit greater changes when under higher oxygen concentrations, both indicating photodegradation due to photodecomposition and photo-oxidation processes. These effects are observed on models in a subsonic 14” × 14” wind tunnel. The work provides insight into the dynamic degradation behavior of PSP and uPSP, paving the way to reduce the error in pressure measurements obtained through these techniques.

Pressure-Sensitive Paint↗