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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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DOE OSTI2024

Best Practices for Resilience in Smart Grid-Interactive Efficient Buildings

The Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) supports federal agencies' energy decisions with information and guidance on design, funding, and operations to ensure federal buildings are efficient and resilient. The modernization of building infrastructure and the evolution of buildings to support decarbonization involves complex implementation of multiple components across several systems. This includes energy-efficient equipment, on-site energy generation and storage systems, and control systems. These systems have operational modes that can operate more efficiently if they are able to behave responsively to the conditions of the electrical grid. These grid-interactive efficient buildings (GEB) allow facilities to manage power demand according to operational constraints and market signals issued by grid operators. With proper design and planning, these same capabilities have the potential to enable building and facility resilience - coordinating with microgrids, maintaining power on critical circuits to sustain essential operations, and monitoring building health and safety status during an outage. By managing the load of buildings, GEBs can also reduce the cost of backup generation and make better use of renewable power sources on site. This document outlines some of the processes and considerations to guide the design and operation of GEBs in ways that promote facility resilience.

building decarbonization↗
DOE OSTI2024

Hybrid metal additive/subtractive machine tools and applications

Additive manufacturing creates parts by depositing a preform, typically layer by layer. Subtractive manufacturing involves removing material from a preform to create parts. Hybrid machine tools combine both additive and subtractive processes in the same workspace. They can be used to create parts that meet functional tolerance and surface finish requirements, or to create features that are difficult to produce using additive or subtractive processes alone. Here, this paper describes hybrid metal additive/subtractive machine tools. It covers design considerations, sensors and controls, process management, programming and software, and the impact on the design space. It also identifies future research challenges.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2025

Genomic insights into local adaptation and migration success in reintroduced Coho Salmon of the Wenatchee River basin

ABSTRACT Objective Reintroduction of salmonids into regions where they have been extirpated is a common conservation strategy that is often implemented through natural recolonization, translocation of natural populations, or hatchery-based programs. Locally adapting to specific environmental conditions is critical for long-term population viability, particularly for species like Coho Salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch, which face diverse selective pressures during their migration. This study focused on the mid-Columbia River Coho Salmon reintroduction program managed by Yakama Nation Fisheries, which has successfully reintroduced Coho Salmon into the Wenatchee and Methow River basins, Washington. Notably, these populations have adapted to the longer migration route than those in the founding stock, with selection favoring individuals with an earlier arrival time and that can navigate a 15-km, high-gradient canyon to reach optimal spawning grounds. The objectives of this study were to investigate whether specific genomic regions are under selection for traits associated with return location and timing in Coho Salmon. Methods Low-coverage whole-genome resequencing data were used to screen for genomic regions associated with the phenotypes of interest. Results A weak polygenic signal in female Coho Salmon was found to be associated with return group, with a subset of candidate adaptive regions occurring across eight chromosomes. Conclusions These findings provide insights into the genomic mechanisms underlying local adaptation in reintroduced salmon populations and inform broodstock selection strategies aimed at promoting natural production and long-term population sustainability.

Horn, Rebekah L.↗
DOE OSTI2024

Where are the Data? Automating a Workflow for Carbon Storage Data Gap Analyses

This presentation demonstrates a spatial analysis workflow to assess data availability for the many components of geologic carbon storage technical viability. The workflow relies upon a knowledge-data framework that links the different components of GCS technical viability to the data types needed for evaluation. Using this contextual information, a combination of data science methods (e.g., natural language processing) and spatial analyses are applied to identify areas where sufficient data exists for a given component. The results are aggregated into maps illustrating data density and spatial gaps across all technical viability factors and data categories, as well as the individual component and category level for a more nuanced understanding. Presented at the FECM NETL Carbon Management Program Review Meeting 2024.

Creason, Christopher↗
DOE OSTI2024

Best Practices for Renewable Energy Installations in the National Parks

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) and National Park Service (NPS) have partnered to support the development and utilization of renewable energy technology at federal facilities and on federal lands. FEMP provides technical support to NPS on renewable energy projects to identify and generate significant cost savings and efficiency benefits, investigate opportunities to reduce carbon footprint and/or achieve carbon neutrality, and improve resilience to NPS-owned facilities and sites. The purpose of this report is to support NPS staff as they evaluate whether and how to use renewable energy technologies in park operations.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2024

Analysis of Ground Source Heat Pump ECMs: Implemented Under DOE ESPC IDIQ Contract

Several federal performance and decarbonization objectives are driving the U.S. government to transition to net-zero emissions across the federal building portfolio. The overarching purpose of this Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP)-Geothermal Technologies Office (GTO) work is to support federal facilities in accomplishing the administration’s federal building decarbonization goals. Creating awareness of existing geothermal (or ground-source) heat pump (GHP) systems deployed on federal property, implemented using performance contracts and evaluating the energy and environmental impacts of these systems, this work will assist federal facilities in considering inclusion of GHP technology energy conservation measures (ECMs) in future performance contracting project awards. This report summarizes analyses of data from GHP ECMs installed under the DOE ESPC IDIQ contract across various climate areas and geographic locations, agencies, and building use types. Through the analysis of proposed GHP ECMs and understanding key metrics on implemented GHP systems in a variety of applications, FEMP and GTO can further support federal agencies in meeting decarbonization and net-zero building goals by evaluating and incorporating GHP systems into performance contracts and communicate the benefits of this technology.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2024

Conference Support for 2024 MagNetUS Meeting

The 4th annual MagNetUS meeting was held from April 14-18, 2024 in Los Angeles, California at the UCLA Lake Arrowhead Conference Center. The goal of the meeting was to continue the successful template of a mix of invited talks, contributed talks, posters, and discussion sessions established by the first three MagNetUS meetings, in order to 1) communicate physics advances relevant for basic magnetized plasma research which can be performed at small and mid-size experimental facilities; 2) allow collaborator facilities to connect and interact with existing users and potential new users; and 3) grow the community of potential users of collaborator facilities, as well as scientists who focus on theory/modeling and spacecraft observations. The meeting was attended by 77 participants (71 in person) from 23 unique institutions and included 14 invited talks, 19 contributed talks, 22 posters, and six discussion sessions. Topics covered by the meeting included fusion research, space and astrophysical systems (including laboratory analogs), magnetic reconnection, plasma thrusters, turbulence, waves, dusty plasmas, laser plasmas, plasma vortices, plasma sources, and software ecosystems. Discussion sessions included discussions on science communication, with NSF and DOE program managers, on the MagNetUS application process for new users, on experimental facility capabilities, and as a tie-in to the Solar Wind Machine meeting.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2024

WETO Software Stack Best Practices

Wind energy researchers typically share one key characteristic: a passion for increasing wind energy in the global energy mix. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) supports this mission in a number of ways including allocating funding directly to various aspects of wind energy research through the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) via the Wind Energy Technologies Office (WETO). While the traditional output of research is academic publication, software development efforts are increasingly a major focus. Software tools in the research environment allow researchers to describe an idea and quickly increase the scope and scale as they study it further. As a product of research, these tools represent a direct pipeline from researcher to industry practitioners since they are the implementation of ideas described in academic publications. Given this vital role in wind energy research and commercial development, the broad research software portfolio supported by WETO must maintain a minimum level of quality to support the wind energy field in the growing transition to renewable energy. This report outlines a series o f best practices to be adopted by all WETO-supported software projects, as well as expectations that the communities interacting with these projects should have of the developers and tools themselves. Wind energy research software has a unique standing in the field of scientific software. The stakeholders are varied with a subset being: (1) DOE EERE leadership, (2) DOE WETO leadership and program managers, (3) National lab leadership, (4) Associated project principle investigators, (5) Research software engineers, (6) Wind energy researchers in academia (including graduate students, post docs, and national lab staff), (7) Industry researchers and practitioners, (8) Commercial software developers, and (9) The general public interested in wind energy. These software are typically the end-user of other generic software libraries, so the funding cycles are often tied to applied research rather than the development of the software itself. Since the developers are also wind energy researchers, these tools are typically designed in a way that closely resembles the application in which they're used. Additionally, the expertise and incentives for the developers have a high variability, and often neither are aligned with software engineering or computer science. Given the unique environment in which wind energy research software is produced and consumed, it is critical for model owners to understand the context of their software. A framework for developing this understanding is to answer the following questions of a given software project: What is it's purpose? What is its role in the field of wind energy? What is the profile of the expected users? For how long will it be relevant? What is the expected impact? These questions allow model owners to identify the appropriate methods for the design, development, and long term maintenance of their software. Additionally, the answer provide context for future planners to understand why particular decisions were made and discern the consequences of changing course. The information is aggregated from experience within WETO-supported software development groups as well as external organizations and efforts to define the craft of research software engineering. These best practices aim to make the collaborative development process efficient and effective while improving the model understanding across stakeholders. Additionally, the general adoption of a common framework for software quality ensures that the end users of WETO software can trust these tools and accurately understand the risks to workflow integration.

17 WIND ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2024

Case Studies in Leveraging Performance Contracts for Resilience Projects

The resilience of federal facilities has become increasingly important among lawmakers, agency leadership, and the American public as high impact natural hazards occur more frequently over time. Resilience is broadly defined as the ability of a federal facility to withstand, respond to, and recover rapidly from disruptions to maintain critical functions. The Department of Energy (DOE) Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) was codified to facilitate the strengthening of federal energy and water efficiency and resilience. Performance contracting is one of the mechanisms through which federal agencies can finance projects at their facilities, but resilience improvement measures do not always result in utility cost savings, which are the primary driver behind performance contracts. This report provides example cases where performance contracts, specifically energy savings performance contracts (ESPC) or utility energy service contracts (UESCs), were used to implement a resilience measure at a federal facility.

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
DOE OSTI2025

MARSAME Release Report for Replacement Water Lines From TA-48 to TA-55, Revision 2

Environmental Protection and Compliance, Environmental Stewardship (EPC-ES) has determined that only a portion of the soil associated with Replacement Water Lines from Technical Area (TA)-48 to TA 55 (Figure 1) meets the criteria for unrestricted release to the public under Department of Energy (DOE) Order 458.1, Radiation Protection for the Public and the Environment (DOE, 2020). The remaining soil did not meet the criteria for unrestricted release and must be managed appropriately. These conclusions are based on the known history of the area combined with soil sample data collected in 2022; the findings are consistent with DOE Order 458.1 and Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) Functional Series Document EPC-ES-FSD-004, Environmental Radiation Protection (LANL, 2021). Sampling and data analysis, as described in this report, were sufficient to meet measurement quality objectives (MQOs) under the Multi-Agency Radiation Survey and Assessment of Materials and Equipment (MARSAME) manual (NUREG, 2009) and LANL procedures (LANL, 2020). Final approvals for waste disposition will come from LANL’s Waste Management Program.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

2024 ASER Summary: Annual Site Environmental Report Summary (Rev. 2)

The Laboratory’s Governing Policy for the Environment: (1) We are committed to act as stewards of our environment to achieve our mission in accordance with all applicable environmental requirements. (2) We set continual improvement objectives and targets, measure and document our progress, and share our results with our workforce, sponsors, and the public. (3) We reduce our environmental risk through legacy cleanup, pollution prevention, and long-term management programs.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

Life-Cycle Cost Analysis Framework for Water Efficiency Measures

Life-Cycle Cost Analysis Framework for Water Efficiency Measures: Guidance Designed for Federal Agencies (hereafter referred to as “this report”) provides a technical framework for federal agencies to conduct a life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) for water efficiency projects in accordance with 42 U.S.C. § 8253. This report leverages insights from the 2023 report, PNNL-34006, Water and Wastewater Annual Price Escalation Rates for Selected Cities Across the United States: 2023 Edition (Unger et al. 2023). The primary objective of this report is to provide a framework to assist federal agencies with evaluating the full economic impact of water efficiency projects by assessing both initial investments and long-term operational benefits. An LCCA can provide a comprehensive view of all costs associated with a water efficiency project, including initial investment, ongoing operations and maintenance (O&M), and eventual disposal or replacement, ensuring the most cost-effective solution is selected. The LCCA methodology outlined in this report enables users to compare base case scenarios with potential alternatives using a standardized present value approach. It incorporates key cost components such as energy, water and wastewater, installation, O&M, and equipment replacement. Additionally, the framework introduces relevant evaluation metrics, such as the net savings and the savings-to-investment ratio, to ensure that water efficiency measures are economically justified over the lifespan of the project. To support practical application, this report also describes various water efficiency strategies that may be analyzed using an LCCA, including plumbing retrofits, irrigation upgrades, alternative water use, and cooling system improvements. By applying this framework, federal agencies can ensure compliance with regulatory mandates while maximizing the return on investment and contributing to resilient water management practices. The information provided in this report is aligned with the Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) life-cycle cost (LCC) methodology, as conveyed in National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Handbook 135 (Kneifel and Webb 2022). This report is intended to provide relatively high-level guidance, acting as a complement to, rather than a substitute for, that resource.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2025

United States Nuclear Data Program Work Plan for Fiscal Year 2026

The work plan described in this document has been developed to cover work to be performed by the U. S. Nuclear Data Program (USNDP) during Fiscal Year 2026 that begins on October 1, 2025. Previously, 26 work plans have been prepared for the nuclear data program covering FYs 2000-2025. This plan has been prepared in consultation with the members of the Coordinating Committee who represent the organizations participating in the program. Each Coordinating Committee member prepared a draft plan for his/her organization. Each contribution was integrated into a unified work plan. The draft plan was then circulated to the Coordinating Committee for comments and corrections before the final document was submitted to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). As was done in previous years, the tasks proposed by the various organizations were reviewed internally according to the following criteria, which were developed considering the mission and goals outlined in past review panel reports and oversight committee discussions, and in consultation with the DOE program manager.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2026

Federal Water Management Planning Manual

FEMP developed this Federal Water Management Planning Manual to provide a resource for designing a comprehensive water management program. The manual describes strategies to optimize water use at federal facilities, use water balance analysis methods, identify design elements and procurement best practices, and expand use of alternative water.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗