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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 37 records · Page 2
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1980

Annoyance due to noise and air pollution to the residents of heavily frequented streets

The residents of different streets with varying traffic density and building density were questioned about annoyance due to traffic noise and air pollution. Results show that annoyance felt is dependent not only on the measured noise levels and/or air pollution concentrations, but that there do exist interactions between the residential quarters and annoyance. These interactions should be considered when fixing the limits and standards.

Wanner, H. U.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Residence lifetimes of 1.79- to 2.15-MeV protons in the equatorial region of the Jovian magnetosphere

The magnitude of the strong flow of 1.79-2.15 MeV protons away from the Jovian magnetic equator is used to estimate the residence lifetimes of these protons in the equatorial source region. The lifetime is approximately 1.2 x 10 to the 5th/(R - 5.8)-squared sec, where R is distance in Jovian radii from Jupiter's center to the equatorial region of interest. At Europa and Ganymede (but not at Io) this lifetime is 1-2 orders of magnitude shorter than sweepup lifetimes by the moons. The fluxes of these protons, integrated over the observed range from 6 to 40 Jovian radii, amount to 3 x 10 to the 23rd particles per second, per degree of longitude and carry away about 9 x 10 to the 17th ergs per second per degree.

Northrop, T. G.↗
NASA NTRS1981

The annoyance caused by airplane noise in the vicinity of Orly Airport and the reaction of neighboring residents

General conclusions and the technical appendix of a report on the attitudes of people living near Orly Airport (Paris) toward airplane noise are presented. The noise was found to be very disruptive of residents' lifestyle and well being, although differences in perceived nuisance were noted. The factors inducing people to protest and who they blame for the present situation are discussed. It was found that the public image of protestors was generally positive and that people who did not protest were viewed as passive, uncaring, or else connected to aviation.

Francois, J.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Effects of aircraft noise on the equilibrium of airport residents: Supplementary analyses to the study carried out around Orly

The effects of aircraft noise on humans living near airports were studied. Two main questions were considered: do residents give evidence of psychological or physiological disturbances in unusually intense noise sectors; and do personality or health factors account for the high interindividual variability of annoyance? The methodology used and results obtained are presented. Samples of the survey questionnaires are included.

Francois, J.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Residents' annoyance responses to aircraft noise events

In a study conducted in the vicinity of Salt Lake City International Airport, community residents reported their annoyance with individual aircraft flyovers during rating sessions conducted in their homes. Annoyance ratings were obtained at different times of the day. Aircraft noise levels were measured, and other characteristics of the aircraft were noted by trained observers. Metrics commonly used for assessing aircraft noise were compared, but none performed significantly better than A-weighted sound pressure level. A significant difference was found between the ratings of commercial jet aircraft and general aviation propeller aircraft, with the latter being judged less annoying. After the effects of noise level were accounted for, no significant differences were found between the ratings of landings and takeoffs. Aircraft noise annoyance reactions are stronger in lowered ambient noise conditions. This is consistent with the theory that reduced nighttime and evening ambient levels could create different reactions at different times of day. After controlling for ambient noise in a multiple regression analysis, no significant differences were found between the ratings of single events obtained during the three time periods: morning, afternoon, and evenings.

Dempsey, T. K.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Human capabilities: Long residence - An uncharted field

In the context of the planned NASA space station, it is anticipated that a number of problems will be posed by permanent residence in space. Not only will the intensive training which has characterized earlier manned programs diminish under the pressure of increased launch rates, but the new and larger crews will socially, educationally, psychologically and physiologically constitute a far more heterogeneous group than those of the past. In addition, advanced computer technology will result in a degree of reliance on onboard data processing which will alter the relations of ground and space operators, requiring careful integration of people and technologies. Attention is given to questions of food, robotics, extravehicular activity, hygiene and environmental noise.

Chambers, A.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Numerical predictions of residence times behind a rearward facing step with transverse injection

A numerical investigation of the two-dimensional recirculation zone formed between a rear-ward facing step and a transverse hydrogen jet in a supersonic flow is presented. Calculations were made using an elliptic flow computer code with a time-relaxation finite difference integration algorithm. Cases were examined for jet static pressures between 2 and 5 times mainstream with jets located 3 to 7 step heights downstream of the step. Nominal mainstream flow conditions were Mach 2.4 air at 1 atm pressure and 1000K (1800R) static temperature. Results in the form of mean properties in the recirculation zone and residence time are presented. Calculations of the decay of hydrogen mass from the steady state are presented for selected cases. The combustion potential for each case is assessed by comparison of computed conditions in the recirculation zone with the results from a well-stirred reactor theory.

Rogers, R. C.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Numerical predictions of residence times behind a rearward facing step with transverse injection

A numerical investigation of the two-dimensional recirculation zone formed between a rearward facing step and a transverse hydrogen jet in a supersonic flow is presented. Calculations were made using an elliptic flow computer code with a time-relaxation finite difference integration algorithm. Cases were examined for jet static pressures between 2 and 5 times mainstream with jets located 3 to 7 step heights downstream of the step. Nominal mainstream flow conditions were Mach 2.4 air at 1 atm pressure and 1000 K (1800 R) static temperature. Results in the form of mean properties in the recirculation zone and residence time are presented. Calculations of the decay of hydrogen mass from the steady state are presented for selected cases. The combustion potential for each case is assessed by comparison of computed conditions in the recirculation zone with the results from a well-stirred reactor theory.

Rogers, R. C.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Charge and energy dependence of the residence time of cosmic ray nuclei below 15 GeV/nucleon

The relative abundance of nuclear species measured in cosmic rays at Earth has often been interpreted with the simple leaky box model. For this model to be consistent an essential requirement is that the escape length does not depend on the nuclear species. The discrepancy between escape length values derived from iron secondaries and from the B/C ratio was identified by Garcia-Munoz and his co-workers using a large amount of experimental data. Ormes and Protheroe found a similar trend in the HEAO data although they questioned its significance against uncertainties. They also showed that the change in the B/C ratio values implies a decrease of the residence time of cosmic rays at low energies in conflict with the diffusive convective picture. These conclusions crucially depend on the partial cross section values and their uncertainties. Recently new accurate cross sections of key importance for propagation calculations have been measured. Their statistical uncertainties are often better than 4% and their values significantly different from those previously accepted. Here, these new cross sections are used to compare the observed B/C+O and (Sc to Cr)/Fe ratio to those predicted with the simple leaky box model.

Soutoul, A.↗
NASA NTRS1986

Postdoctoral and Senior Postdoctoral Resident Research Associateship Program and Research Management Associateship Program for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Information on the status of all Resident Research Associated and Research Management Associates is provided. All Associated whose tenure continued as of June 1, 1985 are listed alphabetically by laboratory. Also included are their countries of citizenship and dates of tenure. The status of reporting obligations are summarized. A list of progress reports received during this reporting period is also provided. All Associates who terminated during the reporting period are listed.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1988

Resident database interfaces to the DAVID system, a heterogeneous distributed database management system

A methodology for building interfaces of resident database management systems to a heterogeneous distributed database management system under development at NASA, the DAVID system, was developed. The feasibility of that methodology was demonstrated by construction of the software necessary to perform the interface task. The interface terminology developed in the course of this research is presented. The work performed and the results are summarized.

Moroh, Marsha↗
NASA NTRS1991

An updated catalog of 318 social surveys of residents' reactions to environmental noise (1943-1989)

All social surveys of residents' reactions to environmental noise in residential areas which were described in English language publications from 1943 to 1989 are identified. A total of 318 surveys are described. The surveys are indexed by country, noise source, and data of survey. The publications and reports from each survey are listed in a bibliography. Twenty-four surveys are listed which are available for secondary analysis from a data archive.

Fields, James M.↗
NASA NTRS1990

A generalized strategy for building resident database interfaces

A strategy for building resident interfaces to host heterogeneous distributed data base management systems is developed. The strategy is used to construct several interfaces. A set of guidelines is developed for users to construct their own interfaces.

Moroh, Marsha↗
NASA NTRS1993

Thermal history of comets during residence in the Oort cloud - Effect of radiogenic heating in combination with the very low thermal conductivity of amorphous ice

The thermal history of long-period comets initially composed of amorphous ice is studied. It is shown that such comets with a small nucleus thermal conductivity (kappa) experience a runaway increase in the internal temperature during residence in the Oort cloud. The temperature increase is a result of rapid release of the latent heat at crystallization triggered by gradual heating due to decay of radioactive nuclides. The time of the runaway temperature increase is about ten to a hundred million years after the formation of the nucleus depending on the fraction of refractory grains which contain radioactive nuclides. Most of the amorphous ice in the nuclides except just beneath the surface transforms into crystalline ice due to the runaway temperature increase. This implies that the ice in short-period comets is crystalline from the initial time when the long-period comet becomes a short-period one. In comets with large kappa the temperature does not rise much compared to the small kappa case and the initial amorphous ice is preserved. A criterion for the crystallization of the nucleus ice is derived.

Haruyama, Jun'ichi↗
NASA NTRS1994

Determination of the Residence Time of Food Particles During Aseptic Sterilization

The paper describes a non-invasive method to measure the time an individual particle takes to move through a length of stainless steel pipe. The food product is in two phase flow (liquids and solids) and passes through a pipe with pressures of approximately 60 psig and temperatures of 270-285 F. The proposed problem solution is based on the detection of transitory amplitude and/or phase changes in a microwave transmission path caused by the passage of the particles of interest. The particles are enhanced in some way, as will be discussed later, such that they will provide transitory changes that are distinctive enough not to be mistaken for normal variations in the received signal (caused by the non-homogeneous nature of the medium). Two detectors (transmission paths across the pipe) will be required and place at a known separation. A minimum transit time calculation is made from which the maximum velocity can be determined. This provides the minimum residence time. Also average velocity and statistical variations can be computed so that the amount of 'over-cooking' can be determined.

Carl, J. R.↗
NASA NTRS2001

An Updated Catalog of 521 Social Surveys of Residents' Reactions to Environmental Noise (1943-2000)

This report describes all social surveys of residents' reactions to environmental noise in residential areas that have been located in English language publications from 1943 to December of 2000. A total of 521 surveys are described. The surveys are indexed by country, noise source, and date of survey. The publications and reports from each survey are listed in a bibliography.

Fields, James M.↗