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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 37 records · Page 2
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

Mathematical Models for Optimization of Grid-Integrated Energy Storage Systems

Energy storage has been proven to yield positive effects on planning, operation and control of electric grids. It has become a crucial task to properly model the energy storage systems (ESS) under the framework of grid optimization on transmission and distribution networks including microgrids. This paper presents a review on mathematical models and test cases of ESSs used for grid optimization studies, where the network constraints of power systems are included. The existing ESS models are mainly classified into two categories – linear and nonlinear models. The two main categories are further divided into several subcategories respectively; such as mixed-integer linear and convex nonlinear sub-categories. Based on the review and discussions, this paper aims at providing suggestions for choosing proper ESS models for specific grid optimization studies considering the chosen power network model.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2013

Energy Storage Systems

Energy Storage Systems – An Old Idea Doing New Things with New Technology article for the International Assoication of ELectrical Inspectors

Conover, David R.↗
DOE OSTI2021

Energy storage system

Energy storage systems are disclosed. The systems may store energy as heat in a high temperature liquid, and the heat may be converted to electricity by absorbing radiation emitted from the high temperature liquid via one or more photovoltaic devices when the high temperature liquid is transported through an array of conduits. Some aspects described herein relate to reducing deposition of sublimated material from the conduits onto the photovoltaic devices.

Henry, Asegun↗
DOE OSTI2017

Cost Benefit and Alternatives Analysis of Distribution Systems with Energy Storage Systems: Preprint

This paper explores monetized and non-monetized benefits from storage interconnected to distribution system through use cases illustrating potential applications for energy storage in California's electric utility system. This work supports SDG&E in its efforts to quantify, summarize, and compare the cost and benefit streams related to implementation and operation of energy storage on its distribution feeders. This effort develops the cost benefit and alternatives analysis platform, integrated with QSTS feeder simulation capability, and analyzed use cases to explore the cost-benefit of implementation and operation of energy storage for feeder support and market participation.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
DOE OSTI2016

PNNL Development and Analysis of Material-Based Hydrogen Storage Systems for the Hydrogen Storage Engineering Center of Excellence

The Hydrogen Storage Engineering Center of Excellence is a team of universities, industrial corporations, and federal laboratories with the mandate to develop lower-pressure, materials-based, hydrogen storage systems for hydrogen fuel cell light-duty vehicles. Although not engaged in the development of new hydrogen storage materials themselves, it is an engineering center that addresses engineering challenges associated with the currently available hydrogen storage materials. Three material-based approaches to hydrogen storage are being researched: 1) chemical hydrogen storage materials 2) cryo-adsorbents, and 3) metal hydrides. As a member of this Center, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) has been involved in the design and evaluation of systems developed with each of these three hydrogen storage materials. This report is a compilation of the work performed by PNNL for this Center.

08 HYDROGEN↗
DOE OSTI2021

Operating Characteristics of Metal Hydride-Based Solar Energy Storage Systems

Thermochemical energy storage systems, based on a high-temperature metal hydride coupled with a low-temperature metal hydride, represent a valid option to store thermal energy for concentrating solar power plant applications. The operating characteristics are investigated for a tandem hydride bed energy storage system, using a transient lumped parameter model developed to identify the technical performance of the proposed system. The results show that, without operational control, the system undergoes a thermal ratcheting process, causing the metal hydride concentrations to accumulate hydrogen in the high-temperature bed over time, and deplete hydrogen in the low temperature. This unbalanced system is compared with a ’thermally balanced’ system, where the thermal ratcheting is mitigated by thermally balancing the overall system. The analysis indicates that thermally balanced systems stabilize after the first few cycles and remain so for long-term operation, demonstrating their potential for practical thermal energy storage system applications.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
DOE OSTI2012

Modeling the Performance of Large-Scale CO2 Storage Systems: A Comparison of Different Sensitivity Analysis Methods

NRAP is an initiative within DOE’s Office of Fossil Energy and is led by the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL). It is a multi-national-lab effort that leverages broad technical capabilities across the DOE complex to develop an integrated science base that can be applied to risk assessment for long-term storage of carbon dioxide (CO2). NRAP involves five DOE national laboratories: NETL-RUA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). The NETL-RUA is an applied research collaboration that combines NETL’s energy research expertise in the Office of Research and Development (ORD) with the broad capabilities of five nationally recognized, regional universities.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2021

Performance evaluation of a dynamic wall integrated with active insulation and thermal energy storage systems

Thermal energy storage systems in buildings can store cooling/heating energy during non-peak load hours or when renewable energy sources are available for later use when demanded. Using the building envelope as a thermal battery can help to shave the peak load, reduce the burden in electric grids, and enhance the occupant's thermal comfort. Sensible energy storage on wall systems such as thermally activated building systems can provide an active thermal storage strategy. However, most of the stored energy is used through passive means directed by the thermal lag, which can impede the on-demand release of the stored energy. Integrating active insulation systems with building thermal storage systems can increase the flexibility of charging and discharging time and duration. In this study, a wall system equipped with an active insulation system and thermally activated storage system was designed, and its performance on active cooling energy contribution was studied. The performances of energy storage (charging), release (discharging) of the thermal energy storage energy, and the active insulation system were studied separately and together as an integrated system. Results showed that the thermal properties of the thermal energy storage core material and the pipe spacing of both embedded pipes in the thermal energy storage and hydronic pipes used in the active insulation system affected the wall performance the most out of all the tested wall system parameters. During discharging, the heat flux into the wall was as high as 81.92 W/m 2 . This active insulation system's dynamic R-value varied between less than 1ft 2 •°F•h/BTU (0.18 m 2 •K/W) to 98% of the equally thick foam insulation's R-value.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
DOE OSTI2019

Storage Systems and Input/Output: Organizing, Storing, and Accessing Data for Scientific Discovery. Report for the DOE ASCR Workshop on Storage Systems and I/O. [Summary Brief]

In September, 2018, the Department of Energy, Office of Science, Advanced Scientific Computing Research Program convened a workshop to identify key challenges and define research directions that will advance the field of storage systems and I/O over the next 5-7 years.The workshop concluded that addressing these combined challenges and opportunities requires tools and techniques that greatly extend traditional approaches and require new research directions. Key research opportunities were identified. This summary brief highlights three areas: The Impact of Storage and I/O, Research Opportunities, and, A new and productive Storage and I/O Environment. The full report from the workshop can be viewed at DOI: 10.2172/1491994.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2018

Storage Systems and Input/Output: Organizing, Storing, and Accessing Data for Scientific Discovery. Report for the DOE ASCR Workshop on Storage Systems and I/O. [Full Workshop Report]

In September, 2018, the Department of Energy, Office of Science, Advanced Scientific Computing Research Program convened a workshop to identify key challenges and define research directions that will advance the field of storage systems and I/O over the next 5–7 years. The workshop concluded that addressing these combined challenges and opportunities requires tools and techniques that greatly extend traditional approaches and require new research directions. Key research opportunities were identified.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2013

Computational analysis of a pipe flow distributor for a thermocline based thermal energy storage system

In this paper, the overall efficiency of a concentrating solar power (CSP) plant depends on the effectiveness of thermal energy storage (TES) system. A single tank TES system consists of a thermocline region which produces the temperature gradient between hot and cold storage fluid by density difference. Preservation of this thermocline region in the tank during charging and discharging cycles depends on the uniformity of the velocity profile at any horizontal plane. Our objective is to maximize the uniformity of the velocity distribution using a pipe-network distributor by varying the number of holes, distance between the holes, position of the holes and number of distributor pipes. For simplicity, we consider that the diameter of the inlet, main pipe, the distributor pipes and the height and the width of the tank are constant. We use Hitec ® molten salt as the storage medium and the commercial software Gambit 2.4.6 and Fluent 6.3 for the computational analysis. We analyze the standard deviation in the velocity field and compare the deviations at different positions of the tank height for different configurations. Since the distance of the holes from the inlet and their respective arrangements affects the flow distribution throughout the tank; we investigate the impacts of rearranging the holes position on flow distribution. Impact of the number of holes and distributor pipes are also analyzed. We analyze our findings to determine a configuration for the best case scenario.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2016

Mathematical Modelling-Based Energy System Operation Strategy Considering Energy Storage Systems

Renewable energy resources are widely recognized as an alternative to environmentally harmful fossil fuels. More renewable energy technologies will need to penetrate into fossil fuel dominated energy systems to mitigate the globally witnessed climate changes and environmental pollutions. It is necessary to prepare for the potential problems with increased proportions of renewable energy in the energy system, to prevent higher costs and decreased reliability. Motivated by this need, this paper addresses the operation of an energy system with an energy storage system in the context of developing a decision-supporting framework.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗