Analysis and performance of the gas-lubricated tilting pad thrust bearing.
Gas lubricated tilting pad thrust bearing analysis and performance, determining optimum hydrodynamic crown profile
Colsher, R.↗
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Analysis and computer program for evaluation of rotating incompressibly lubricated pressurized thrust bearings
Computer analysis of pressurized thrust bearing design using incompressible lubricant
Fleming, D. P.↗
The dual action gas thrust bearing - A new high load bearing concept
The principle of utilizing hydrodynamic effects in diverging films for improving load capacity in gas thrust bearings is discussed. A new concept of dual action bearing based on that principle is described and analyzed. The potential of the new bearing is demonstrated both analytically for an infinitely long slider and by numerical solution for a flat sector shaped thrust bearing. It is shown that the dual action bearing can extend substantially the range of load carrying capacity in gas lubricated thrust bearings and improve their efficiency.
Etsion, I.↗
Dual-action gas thrust bearing for improving load capacity
The principle of utilizing hydrodynamic effects in diverging films to improve the load carrying capacity in gas thrust bearings is discussed. A new concept of a dual action bearing based on that principle is described and analyzed. The potential of the new bearing is demonstrated both analytically for an infinitely long slider and by numerical solution for a flat sector shaped thrust bearing. It is shown that the dual action bearing can extend substantially the range of load carrying capacity in gas lubricated thrust bearings and can improve their efficiency.
Etsion, I.↗
An accurate solution of the gas lubricated, flat sector thrust bearing
A flat sector shaped pad geometry for gas lubricated thrust bearings is analyzed considering both pitch and roll angles of the pad and the true film thickness distribution. Maximum load capacity is achieved when the pad is tilted so as to create a uniform minimum film thickness along the pad trailing edge. Performance characteristics for various geometries and operating conditions of gas thrust bearings are presented in the form of design curves. A comparison is made with the rectangular slider approximation. It is found that this approximation is unsafe for practical design, since it always overestimates load capacity.
Etsion, I.↗
Analysis of oil lubricated, fluid film, thrust bearings with allowance for temperature dependent viscosity
A preliminary design study was performed to seek a fluid-film thrust bearing design intended to be part of a high-speed, hybrid (rolling element/fluid film) bearing configuration. The base line used is a design previously tested. To improve the accuracy of theoretical predictions of load capacity, flow rate, and friction power loss, an analytical procedure was developed to include curvature effects inherent in thrust bearings and to allow for the temperature rise in the fluid due to viscous heating. Also, a narrow-groove approximation in the treatment of the temperature field was formulated to apply the procedure to the Whipple thrust bearing. A comparative trade-off study was carried out assuming isothermal films; its results showed the shrouded-step design to be superior to the Whipple design for the intended application. An extensive parametric study was performed, employing isoviscous calculations, to determine the optimized design, which was subsequently recalculated allowing for temperature effects.
Pan, C. H. T.↗
Analytic Modeling of the Hydrodynamic, Thermal, and Structural Behavior of Foil Thrust Bearings
A simulation and modeling effort is conducted on gas foil thrust bearings. A foil bearing is a self acting hydrodynamic device capable of separating stationary and rotating components of rotating machinery by a film of air or other gaseous lubricant. Although simple in appearance these bearings have proven to be complicated devices in analysis. They are sensitive to fluid structure interaction, use a compressible gas as a lubricant, may not be in the fully continuum range of fluid mechanics, and operate in the range where viscous heat generation is significant. These factors provide a challenge to the simulation and modeling task. The Reynolds equation with the addition of Knudsen number effects due to thin film thicknesses is used to simulate the hydrodynamics. The energy equation is manipulated to simulate the temperature field of the lubricant film and combined with the ideal gas relationship, provides density field input to the Reynolds equation. Heat transfer between the lubricant and the surroundings is also modeled. The structural deformations of the bearing are modeled with a single partial differential equation. The equation models the top foil as a thin, bending dominated membrane whose deflections are governed by the biharmonic equation. A linear superposition of hydrodynamic load and compliant foundation reaction is included. The stiffness of the compliant foundation is modeled as a distributed stiffness that supports the top foil. The system of governing equations is solved numerically by a computer program written in the Mathematica computing environment. Representative calculations and comparisons with experimental results are included for a generation I gas foil thrust bearing.
Bruckner, Robert J.↗
Dynamics of gas-thrust bearings
Computer program calculates load coefficients, up to third harmonic, for hydrostatic gas thrust bearings. Program is useful in identification of industrial situations where gas-thrust bearings have potential applications.
Stiffler, A. K.↗
Analysis of an all-metallic resilient-pad gas-lubricated thrust bearing
A resilient-pad gas thrust bearing that does not contain any elastomers in the bearing assembly is described and analyzed. The bearing consists of sector-shaped pads mounted asymmetrically on resilient foil beams. The effects of bearing design parameters on performance are shown. Performance of a resilient-pad bearing is compared with that of a pivoted-pad bearing.
Anderson, W. J.↗
Design, Fabrication, and Performance of Foil Gas Thrust Bearings for Microturbomachinery Applications
A methodology for the design and construction of simple foil thrust bearings intended for parametric performance testing and low marginal costs is presented. Features drawn from a review of the open literature are discussed as they relate to bearing performance. The design of fixtures and tooling required to fabricate foil thrust bearings is presented, using conventional machining processes where possible. A prototype bearing with dimensions drawn from the literature is constructed, with all fabrication steps described. A load-deflection curve for the bearing is presented to illustrate structural stiffness characteristics. Start-top cycles are performed on the bearing at a temperature of 425 C to demonstrate early-life wear patterns. A test of bearing load capacity demonstrates useful performance when compared with data obtained from the open literature.
Dykas, Brian↗
Analysis of the gas-lubricated flat-sector-pad thrust bearing
A flat sector-shaped pad geometry for a gas-lubricated thrust bearing is analyzed considering both the pitch and roll of the pad. It is shown that maximum load capacity is achieved when the pad is tilted so as to create uniform minimum film thickness along the pad trailing edge. Performance characteristics for various geometries and operating conditions of gas thrust bearings are presented in the form of design curves, and a comparison is made with the rectangular slider approximation. It is found that this approximation is unsafe for practical design, since it always overestimates load capacity.
Etsion, I.↗
Static stiffness and dynamic angular stiffness of the combined hydrostatic journal - Thrust bearing
Static stiffness and dynamic angular stiffness of combined hydrostatic journal-thrust bearing
THRUST BEARING↗
Experimental evaluation of foil-supported resilient-pad gas-lubricated thrust bearing
A new type of resilient-pad gas thrust bearing was tested to determine the feasibility of the design. The bearing consists of carbon graphite pads mounted asymmetrically on foil beams. Two bearing configurations were tested at thrust loads from 27 to 80 newtons at speeds to 9000 rpm. The outside diameter of the bearing was 8.9 centimeters.
Nemeth, Z. N.↗
Optimization of self-acting step thrust bearings for load capacity and stiffness.
Linearized analysis of a finite-width rectangular step thrust bearing. Dimensionless load capacity and stiffness are expressed in terms of a Fourier cosine series. The dimensionless load capacity and stiffness were found to be a function of the dimensionless bearing number, the pad length-to-width ratio, the film thickness ratio, the step location parameter, and the feed groove parameter. The equations obtained in the analysis were verified. The assumptions imposed were substantiated by comparing the results with an existing exact solution for the infinite width bearing. A digital computer program was developed which determines optimal bearing configuration for maximum load capacity or stiffness. Simple design curves are presented. Results are shown for both compressible and incompressible lubrication. Through a parameter transformation the results are directly usable in designing optimal step sector thrust bearings.
Hamrock, B. J.↗
Foil Gas Thrust Bearings for High-Speed Turbomachinery
A methodology has been developed for the design and construction of simple foil thrust bearings intended for parametric performance testing and low marginal costs, supporting continued development of oil-free turbomachinery. A bearing backing plate is first machined and surface-ground to produce flat and parallel faces. Partial-arc slots needed to retain the foil components are then machined into the plate by wire electrical discharge machining. Slot thicknesses achievable by a single wire pass are appropriate to accommodate the practical range of foil thicknesses, leaving a small clearance in this hinged joint to permit limited motion. The backing plate is constructed from a nickel-based superalloy (Inconel 718) to allow heat treatment of the entire assembled bearing, as well as to permit hightemperature operation. However, other dimensionally stable materials, such as precipitation-hardened stainless steel, can also be used for this component depending on application. The top and bump foil blanks are cut from stacks of annealed Inconel X-750 foil by the same EDM process. The bump foil has several azimuthal slits separating it into five individual bump strips. This configuration allows for variable bump spacing, which helps to accommodate the effects of the varying surface velocity, thermal crowning, centrifugal dishing, and misalignment. Rectangular tabs on the foil blanks fit into the backing plate slots. For this application, a rather traditional set of conventionally machined dies is selected, and bump foil blanks are pressed into the dies for forming. This arrangement produces a set of bump foil dies for foil thrust bearings that provide for relatively inexpensive fabrication of various bump configurations, and employing methods and features from the public domain.
Edmonds, Brian↗
Summary of investigations of entrance effects in circular thrust bearings
Pressure distribution near single axial supply hole of externally pressurized circular thrust bearing - investigation of entrance effects
PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION↗
An analysis of experimental data on entrance effects in circular thrust bearings
Empirical method for considering entrance effects in computing flow rates and load capacities of circular thrust bearings
THRUST BEARING↗
Analysis of an all-metallic resilient pad gas-lubricated thrust bearing
A new type of resilient pad gas thrust bearing that does not contain any elastomers in the bearing assembly is described and analyzed. The bearing consists of sector-shaped pads mounted asymmetrically on resilient foil beams. The effects of bearing design parameters on performance are shown. Performance of a resilient pad bearing is compared with that of a pivoted pad bearing.
Anderson, W. J.↗