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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 37 records · Page 2
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2025

Machine learning approaches for integrating multi-omics data to expand microbiome annotation (Final Technical Report)

We fulfilled all original three aims of the proposal. Following the earlier release (during the first phase of the project at Montana) of software that identifies and fills gaps in the annotation of metabolic proteins within bacterial genomes, we have nearly completed a second gap-filling tool that improves accuracy and explainability. We completed software for alignment-based annotation of protein coding DNA, allowing for coding frameshifts caused by sequencing error. Finally, we completed a neural embedding model for identifying similarities between protein sequences based on amino-wise latent vectors.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

Scaffolded and annotated nuclear and organelle genomes of the North American brown alga Saccharina latissima

Increasing the genomic resources of emerging aquaculture crop targets can expedite breeding processes as seen in molecular breeding advances in agriculture. High quality annotated reference genomes are essential to implement this relatively new molecular breeding scheme and benefit research areas such as population genetics, gene discovery, and gene mechanics by providing a tool for standard comparison. The brown macroalga Saccharina latissima (sugar kelp) is an ecologically and economically important kelp that is found in both the northern Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. Cultivation of Saccharina latissima for human consumption has increased significantly this century in both North America and Europe, and its single blade morphology allows for dense seeding practices used in the cultivation of its Asian sister species, Saccharina japonica. While Saccharina latissima has potential as a human food crop, insufficient information from genetic resources has limited molecular breeding in sugar kelp aquaculture. We present scaffolded and annotated Saccharina latissima nuclear and organelle genomes from a female gametophyte collected from Black Ledge, Groton, Connecticut. This Saccharina latissima genome compares well with other published kelp genomes and contains 218 scaffolds with a scaffold N50 of 1.35 Mb, a GC content of 49.84%, and 25,012 predicted genes. We also validated this genome by comparing the synteny and completeness of this Saccharina latissima genome to other kelp genomes. Our team has successfully performed initial genomic selection trials with sugar kelp using a draft version of this genome. This Saccharina latissima genome expands the genetic toolkit for the economically and ecologically important sugar kelp and will be a fundamental resource for future foundational science, breeding, and conservation efforts.

DeWeese, Kelly↗
NASA NTRS1981

A review and evaluation of the Langley Research Center's Scientific and Technical Information Program. Results of phase 5. Design and evaluation of STI systems: A selected, annotated bibliography

A selected, annotated bibliography of literature citations related to the design and evaluation of STI systems is presented. The use of manual and machine-readable literature searches; the review of numerous books, periodicals reports, and papers; and the selection and annotation of literature citations were required. The bibliography was produced because the information was needed to develop the methodology for the review and evaluation project, and a survey of the literature did not reveal the existence of a single published source of information pertinent to the subject. Approximately 200 citations are classified in four subject areas. The areas include information - general; information systems - design and evaluation, including information products and services; information - use and need; and information - economics.

Pinelli, T. E.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Documents of the JPL Photovoltaics Program Analysis and Integration Center: An annotated bibliography

A bibliography of internal and external documents produced by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, based on the work performed by the Photovoltaics Program Analysis and Integration Center, is presented with annotations. As shown in the Table of Contents, the bibliography is divided into three subject areas: (1) Assessments, (2) Methdological Studies, and (3) Supporting Studies. Annotated abstracts are presented for 20 papers.

Pearson, A. M.↗
NASA NTRS1998

The UNO Aviation Monograph Series: Aviation Security: An Annotated Bibliography of Responses to the Gore Commission

This monograph is a companion to UNOAI Monograph 96-2, "The Image of Airport Security: An Annotated Bibliography," compiled in June 1996. The White House Commission on Aviation Safety and Security, headed by Vice President Al Gore, was formed as a result of the TWA Flight 800 crash in August 1996. The Commission's final report included 31 recommendations addressed toward aviation security. The recommendations were cause for security issues to be revisited in the media and by the aviation industry. These developments necessitated the need for an updated bibliography to review the resulting literature. Many of the articles were written in response to the recommendations made by the Gore Commission. "Aviation Security: An Annotated Bibliography of Responses to the Gore Commission" is the result of this need.

Carrico, John S.↗
NASA NTRS2004

Injectors and Annotations

In a previous paper, we presented the Object Infrastructure Framework. The goal of that system is to simplify the creation of distributed applications. The primary claim of that work is that non-functional 'ilities' could be achieved by controlling and manipulating the communications between components, thereby simplifying the development of distributed systems. A secondary element of that paper is to argue for extending the conventional distributed objects model in two important ways: 1) The ability to insert injectors (filters, wrappers) into the communication path between components; 2) The ability to annotate communications with additional information, and to propagate these annotations through an application. Here we express the descriptions of that paper.

Filman, Robert E.↗
NASA NTRS2005

Interactive Display of Scenes with Annotations

ThreeDView is a computer program that enables high-performance interactive display of real-world scenes with annotations. ThreeDView was developed primarily as a component of the Science Activity Planner (SAP) software, wherein it is to be used to display annotated images of terrain acquired by exploratory robots on Mars and possibly other remote planets. The images can be generated from sets of multiple-texture image data in the Visible Scalable Terrain (ViSTa) format, which was described in "Format for Interchange and Display of 3D Terrain Data" (NPO-30600) NASA Tech Briefs, Vol. 28, No. 12 (December 2004), page 25. In ThreeDView, terrain data can be loaded rapidly, the geometric level of detail and texture resolution can be selected, false colors can be used to represent scientific data mapped onto terrain, and the user can select among navigation modes. ThreeDView consists largely of modular Java software components that can easily be reused and extended to produce new high-performance, application-specific software systems for displaying images of three-dimensional real-world scenes.

Vona, Marsette↗
DOE OSTI2025

Extracting Material Property Measurements from Scientific Literature with Limited Annotations

Extracting material property data from scientific text is pivotal for advancing data-driven research in chemistry and materials science; however, the extensive annotation effort required to produce training data for named entity recognition (NER) models for this task often makes it a barrier to extracting specialized data sets. Here, in this work, we present a comparative study of the conventional, supervised NER methodology to alternative few-shot learning architectures and large language model (LLM)-based approaches that mitigate the need to label large training data sets. We find that the best-performing LLM (GPT-4o) not only excels in directly extracting relevant material properties based on limited examples but also enhances supervised learning through data augmentation. We supplement our findings with error and data quality assessments to provide a nuanced understanding of factors that impact property measurement extraction.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2025

Enhancing tandem mass spectrometry-based metabolite annotation with online chemical labeling

Abstract Metabolite identification in non-targeted mass spectrometry-based metabolomics remains a major challenge due to limited spectral library coverage and difficulties in predicting metabolite fragmentation patterns. Here, we introduce Multiplexed Chemical Metabolomics (MCheM), which employs orthogonal post-column derivatization reactions integrated into a unified mass spectrometry data framework. MCheM generates orthogonal structural information that substantially improves metabolite annotation through in silico spectrum matching and open-modification searches, offering a powerful new toolbox for the structure elucidation of unknown metabolites at scale.

Science & Technology - Other Topics↗
DOE OSTI2024

Automated annotation of scientific texts for ML-based keyphrase extraction and validation

Advanced omics technologies and facilities generate a wealth of valuable data daily; however, the data often lack the essential metadata required for researchers to find, curate, and search them effectively. The lack of metadata poses a significant challenge in the utilization of these data sets. Machine learning (ML)–based metadata extraction techniques have emerged as a potentially viable approach to automatically annotating scientific data sets with the metadata necessary for enabling effective search. Text labeling, usually performed manually, plays a crucial role in validating machine-extracted metadata. However, manual labeling is time-consuming and not always feasible; thus, there is a need to develop automated text labeling techniques in order to accelerate the process of scientific innovation. This need is particularly urgent in fields such as environmental genomics and microbiome science, which have historically received less attention in terms of metadata curation and creation of gold-standard text mining data sets. In this paper, we present two novel automated text labeling approaches for the validation of ML-generated metadata for unlabeled texts, with specific applications in environmental genomics. Our techniques show the potential of two new ways to leverage existing information that is only available for select documents within a corpus to validate ML models, which can then be used to describe the remaining documents in the corpus. The first technique exploits relationships between different types of data sources related to the same research study, such as publications and proposals. The second technique takes advantage of domain-specific controlled vocabularies or ontologies. In this paper, we detail applying these approaches in the context of environmental genomics research for ML-generated metadata validation. Our results show that the proposed label assignment approaches can generate both generic and highly specific text labels for the unlabeled texts, with up to 44% of the labels matching with those suggested by a ML keyword extraction algorithm.

96 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND PRESERVATION↗
DOE OSTI2024

Dataset: Breaking the barrier of human-annotated training data for machine-learning-aided plant research using aerial imagery

This dataset supports the implementation described in the manuscript "Breaking the Barrier of Human-Annotated Training Data for Machine-Learning-Aided Biological Research Using Aerial Imagery." It comprises UAV aerial imagery used to execute the code available at https://github.com/pixelvar79/GAN-Flowering-Detection-paper. For detailed information on dataset usage and instructions for implementing the code to reproduce the study, please refer to the GitHub repository.

generative and adversarial learning↗
DOE OSTI2024

Review of Literature and Utility Commission Proceedings Relevant to Integrated System Planning: Annotated Bibliography Prepared to Support the Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission

In 2024 the Washington State Legislature passed the Decarbonization Act for Large Combination Utilities (Engrossed Substitute House Bill 1589 – the Act). The Act requires a large combination electric and gas utility to conduct integrated system planning supporting electrification and gas system decarbonization, including a reduction in the gas rate base. The utility is required to submit the first integrated system plan (ISP) by January 1, 2027. The requirements are to be developed and adopted by the Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission (UTC) by July 1, 2025. In October 2024 Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) began providing technical assistance to the UTC to support the ISP rulemaking. PNNL and LBNL have prepared this annotated bibliography of research and reports, and state examples of coordinated gas and electric planning, future of gas, and future of heat proceedings in other U.S. States and one Canadian Province. The items described here have been selected by the authors for their potential relevance to the UTC’s integrated system planning rule discussions.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2025

Co-Located Wave Energy Converter (WEC) and Aquaculture System Annotated Bibliography

This annotated bibliography includes references that could aid in the design of a co-located WEC and aquaculture system off the coast of Guam. The breadth of this work covers multiple co-location archetypes such as: 1. WEC seawater desalination system a) Nearshore and deepwater WEC deployment b) Onshore and offshore aquaculture 2. WEC powering an offshore aquaculture platform a) Nearshore or deepwater WEC deployment 3. WEC powering an onshore aquaculture system a) Nearshore WEC deployment 4. Wave powered seawater pump a) Nearshore WEC deployment b) Onshore aquaculture There are two archetypes that may be of immediate interest to the community in Guam are to service the existing Fadian Hatchery (Mangilao) and to support freshwater aquaculture activities. First, the seawater pump at the hatchery that fills the facility’s seawater storage unit is broken. A nearshore seawater pumping WEC could be a solution to this issue. In addition, due to the high frequency of typhoons/extreme conditions and the island’s bathymetry, the likelihood of community support for an offshore aquaculture platform or WEC deployed in deepwater is low. Proactive and resilient solutions not just for power, but for freshwater are of interest as well to support any freshwater aquaculture activities. Therefore, a nearshore WEC desalination system is another archetype to consider.

16 TIDAL AND WAVE POWER↗
DOE OSTI2025

Introduction to Digital Image Correlation (DIC) with annotated bibliography

Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is “a non-contact means of measuring motion and deformation using digital images of the object of interest”, capable of full-field measurements over large areas. Getting started in DIC can be difficult, since there are many different techniques, and the body of literature on DIC is extensive. IEEE Xplore alone lists nearly 11,000 references, including magazines, conference proceedings, journal articles, books, etc. A Google search returns around 145 million results. The intent of this annotated bibliography is to provide an entry point for beginners and to collect references that may be useful to more advanced practitioners.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2024

Transporter annotations are holding up progress in metabolic modeling

Mechanistic, constraint-based models of microbial isolates or communities are a staple in the metabolic analysis toolbox, but predictions about microbe-microbe and microbe-environment interactions are only as good as the accuracy of transporter annotations. A number of hurdles stand in the way of comprehensive functional assignments for membrane transporters. These include general or non-specific substrate assignments, ambiguity in the localization, directionality and reversibility of a transporter, and the many-to-many mapping of substrates, transporters and genes. In this perspective, we summarize progress in both experimental and computational approaches used to determine the function of transporters and consider paths forward that integrate both. Investment in accurate, high-throughput functional characterization is needed to train the next-generation of predictive tools toward genome-scale metabolic network reconstructions that better predict phenotypes and interactions. More reliable predictions in this domain will benefit fields ranging from personalized medicine to metabolic engineering to microbial ecology.

Casey, John↗