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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 37 records · Page 2
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1982

Improved transistorized AC motor controller for battery powered urban electric passenger vehicles

An ac motor controller for an induction motor electric vehicle drive system was designed, fabricated, tested, evaluated, and cost analyzed. A vehicle performance analysis was done to establish the vehicle tractive effort-speed requirements. These requirements were then converted into a set of ac motor and ac controller requirements. The power inverter is a three-phase bridge using power Darlington transistors. The induction motor was optimized for use with an inverter power source. The drive system has a constant torque output to base motor speed and a constant horsepower output to maximum speed. A gear shifting transmission is not required. The ac controller was scaled from the base 20 hp (41 hp peak) at 108 volts dec to an expanded horsepower and battery voltage range. Motor reversal was accomplished by electronic reversal of the inverter phase sequence. The ac controller can also be used as a boost chopper battery charger. The drive system was tested on a dynamometer and results are presented. The current-controlled pulse width modulation control scheme yielded improved motor current waveforms. The ac controller favors a higher system voltage.

Peak, S. C.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Improved SCR ac Motor Controller for Battery Powered Urban Electric Vehicles

An improved ac motor controller, which when coupled to a standard ac induction motor and a dc propulsion battery would provide a complete electric vehicle power train with the exception of the mechanical transmission and drive wheels was designed. In such a system, the motor controller converts the dc electrical power available at the battery terminals to ac electrical power for the induction motor in response to the drivers commands. The performance requirements of a hypothetical electric vehicle with an upper weight bound of 1590 kg (3500 lb) were used to determine the power rating of the controller. Vehicle acceleration capability, top speed, and gradeability requisites were contained in the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Schedule 227a(d) driving cycle. The important capabilities contained in this driving cycle are a vehicle acceleration requirement of 0 to 72.4 kmph (0 to 45 mph) in 28 seconds a top speed of 88.5 kmph (55 mph), and the ability to negotiate a 10% grade at 48 kmph (30 mph). A 10% grade is defined as one foot of vertical rise per 10 feet of horizontal distance.

Latos, T. S.↗
DOE OSTI2025

A Comparison of Battery Charge Controller Technologies for Wave Energy Converters

Wave energy is a uniquely challenging field for electrical system designers. High peak and low average power potential with a constantly varying energy input is difficult to harness and control through conventional means. To power the blue economy, low-powered wave energy converters (WECs) need batteries for energy storage. Safely and effectively charging batteries from waves requires a charge controller to properly monitor and control voltage and current going to the battery. Currently, off-the-shelf charge controllers exist for other renewable generation such as wind, hydro, and solar. Two topologies were validated: a buck converter and a pulse width modulation (PWM) charge controller. Using an in-lab dry testbed, wave energy power inputs were simulated to properly validate the effectiveness of existing charge controller technologies, identifying the shortcomings and improvements needed to effectively harness wave energy.

battery storage↗
DOE OSTI2024

A Comparison of Battery Charge Controller Technologies for Wave Energy Converters: Preprint

Wave energy is a uniquely challenging field for electrical system designers. High peak and low average power potential with a constantly varying energy input is difficult to harness and control through conventional means. To power the blue economy, low-powered wave energy converters (WECs) need batteries for energy storage. Safely and effectively charging batteries from waves requires a charge controller to properly monitor and control voltage and current going to the battery. Currently, off-the-shelf charge controllers exist for other renewable generation such as wind, hydro, and solar. Two topologies were validated: a buck converter and a pulse width modulation (PWM) charge controller. Using an in-lab dry testbed, wave energy power inputs were simulated to properly validate the effectiveness of existing charge controller technologies, identifying the shortcomings and improvements needed to effectively harness wave energy.

battery storage↗
NASA NTRS1965

Automatic battery formation cycler and controller

Automatic battery formation cycler and controller to determine charge capacity and to perform charge-discharge operations for electrochemical cells intended for satellite power sources

CHARGE DISTRIBUTION↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

X-57 Cockpit Display System Development and Features

The X-57 Maxwell airplane [1,2] cockpit display system includes multiple, pilot-selectable pages in a multifunction display with detailed statuses of critical parameters from each of the cruise motors (CMs), cruise motor controllers (CMCs), and battery control modules (BCMs), as well as air temperature measurements at reference locations in the passive ram-air cooling ducts for the motors, controllers, and auxiliary equipment. The user (pilot or ground-test crew) can select overview pages that are part of the standard instrument panel scan pattern or switch to a series of detail or debug pages as the system is operating using a rotary position switch in the cockpit. This paper presents and describes each of these displays, and gives an overview of the development and verification process. The critical data condensed for cockpit handling from each of the major electric propulsion and traction power systems are discussed.

Adam Curry↗
NASA NTRS1979

Multiplexed battery-bypass control system

Cell-bypass control system senses low capacity cells before they overcharge or discharge. Relay automatically removes defective cell (when it is detected) from battery circuit. System shows promise for improving batteries in computer standby power systems, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems.

Bennett, J. C.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Microprocessor controlled advanced battery management systems

The advanced battery management system described uses the capabilities of an on-board microprocessor to: (1) monitor the state of the battery on a cell by cell basis; (2) compute the state of charge of each cell; (3) protect each cell from reversal; (4) prevent overcharge on each individual cell; and (5) control dual rate reconditioning to zero volts per cell.

W. T. Payne↗
DOE OSTI2024

A Highly Effective Polysulfide-Trapping Approach for the Development of High Energy Density, Scalable Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are identified as one of the most promising next-generation battery technologies owing to their high theoretical specific energy, sustainability, and affordability. However, the commercialization of Li-S batteries has been hindered by severe technical challenges, including the lithium polysulfide (PS) dissolution/shuttling effect, a major cause of fast capacity degradation over cycling. We demonstrated that, for the first time, nanolayer polymer coated high surface area porous carbons (NPCs) were coated directly on sulfur electrodes (NPC-S), which led to a high specific capacity of ∼1,600 mAh g −1 approaching the theoretical specific capacity limit in the NPC-S based Li-S batteries. The NPC-S based Li-S batteries maintained their large initial specific capacity gain compared with the Baseline-S based Li-S batteries (control) over extended cycles. A follow-on study indicated that the NPC-S approach is a necessary and critical step to boost the near-theoretical specific capacity while being stabilized over long cycles with a synergistic strategy. Our experimental and computational results suggest that NPC coated on sulfur electrodes provides not only an effective and strong PS-trapping power but also an increased redox reaction kinetics for sulfur ↔ PS’s conversions during battery charge and discharge, rendering the realization of near-theoretical discharge specific capacity in the NPC-S based Li-S batteries. The findings presented in this study may inspire a new, simple, low-cost, and commercially scalable approach, without adding any appreciable dead weight or volume to the batteries, in the effort to tackle the technical challenges facing SOA Li-S batteries.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
NASA NTRS2006

The 2004 NASA Aerospace Battery Workshop

Topics covered include: Super NiCd(TradeMark) Energy Storage for Gravity Probe-B Relativity Mission; Hubble Space Telescope 2004 Battery Update; The Development of Hermetically Sealed Aerospace Nickel-Metal Hydride Cell; Serial Charging Test on High Capacity Li-Ion Cells for the Orbiter Advanced Hydraulic Power System; Cell Equalization of Lithium-Ion Cells; The Long-Term Performance of Small-Cell Batteries Without Cell-Balancing Electronics; Identification and Treatment of Lithium Battery Cell Imbalance under Flight Conditions; Battery Control Boards for Li-Ion Batteries on Mars Exploration Rovers; Cell Over Voltage Protection and Balancing Circuit of the Lithium-Ion Battery; Lithium-Ion Battery Electronics for Aerospace Applications; Lithium-Ion Cell Charge Control Unit; Lithium Ion Battery Cell Bypass Circuit Test Results at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory; High Capacity Battery Cell By-Pass Switches: High Current Pulse Testing of Lithium-Ion; Battery By-Pass Switches to Verify Their Ability to Withstand Short-Circuits; Incorporation of Physics-Based, Spatially-Resolved Battery Models into System Simulations; A Monte Carlo Model for Li-Ion Battery Life Projections; Thermal Behavior of Large Lithium-Ion Cells; Thermal Imaging of Aerospace Battery Cells; High Rate Designed 50 Ah Li-Ion Cell for LEO Applications; Evaluation of Corrosion Behavior in Aerospace Lithium-Ion Cells; Performance of AEA 80 Ah Battery Under GEO Profile; LEO Li-Ion Battery Testing; A Review of the Feasibility Investigation of Commercial Laminated Lithium-Ion Polymer Cells for Space Applications; Lithium-Ion Verification Test Program; Panasonic Small Cell Testing for AHPS; Lithium-Ion Small Cell Battery Shorting Study; Low-Earth-Orbit and Geosynchronous-Earth-Orbit Testing of 80 Ah Batteries under Real-Time Profiles; Update on Development of Lithium-Ion Cells for Space Applications at JAXA; Foreign Comparative Technology: Launch Vehicle Battery Cell Testing; 20V, 40 Ah Lithium Ion Polymer Battery for the Spacesuit; Low Temperature Life-Cycle Testing of a Lithium-Ion Battery for Low-Earth-Orbiting Spacecraft; and Evaluation of the Effects of DoD and Charge Rate on a LEO Optimized 50 Ah Li-Ion Aerospace Cell.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1993

Nickel-hydrogen CPV battery update

The multicell common pressure vessel (CPV) nickel hydrogen battery manufactured by Johnson Controls Battery Group, Inc. has completed full flight qualification, including random vibration at 19.5 g for two minutes in each axis, electrical characterization in a thermal vacuum chamber, and mass-spectroscopy vessel leak detection. A first launch is scheduled for late in 1992 or early 1993 by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). Specifics of the launch date are not available at this time due to the classified nature of the program. Release of orbital data for the battery is anticipated following the launch.

Jones, Kenneth R.↗
NASA NTRS1994

Some observations on battery charge control

The following topics are discussed: NiCd charge control; GSFC TCVL control; program specific TCVL's; and v/t changes with time/temperature/cycling. The discussion is presented in viewgraph format.

Methlie, George J.↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Hierarchical Control of Distributed Battery Energy Storage Systems in a DC Microgrid

Contents - NASA Future Power Systems - DC Microgrid with Distributed Battery Energy Storage - A simplified gateway power system - Droop Control (Primary Control) - Distributed battery units, droop control, and load sharing characteristics - Simulation results - Three-Level Hierarchical Control of Distributed Battery Units During Eclipse - Secondary Control - Objective and definition of unit control error - Implementation of secondary control - Simulation results - Tertiary Control - Schedule BU current sharing with the objective of equal SoC - Simulation results•Conclusions

Jing Zhang↗
NASA NTRS1981

Laboratory evaluation of a pilot cell battery protection system for photovoltaic applications

An energy storage method for the 3.5 kW battery power system was investigated. The Pilot Cell Battery Protection System was tested for use in photovoltaic power systems and results show that this is a viable method of storage battery control. The method of limiting battery depth of discharge has the following advantages: (1) temperature sensitivity; (2) rate sensitivity; and (3) state of charge indication. The pilot cell concept is of interest in remote stand alone photovoltaic power systems. The battery can be protected from damaging overdischarge by using the proper ratio of pilot cell capacities to main battery capacity.

Cataldo, R. L.↗
NASA NTRS1990

Hubble Space Telescope electrical power system

The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) electrical power system (EPS) is supplying between 2000 and 2400 W of continuous power to the electrical loads. The major components of the EPS are the 5000-W back surface field reflector solar array, the six nickel-hydrogen (NiH2) 22-cell 88-Ah batteries, and the charge current controllers, which, in conjunction with the flight computer, control battery charging. The operation of the HST EPS and the results of the HST NiH2 six-battery test are discussed, and preliminary flight data are reviewed. The HST NiH2 six-battery test is a breadboard of the HST EPS on test at Marshall Space Flight Center.

Whitt, Thomas H.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Development of a multiplexed bypass control system for aerospace batteries

A breadboard bypass control system was developed to control a battery comprised of 26 JPL-developed negative limited Ni-Cd cells. The system was designed to automatically remove cells from the circuit when their voltages exceeded a fixed limit on charge and fell below a fixed limit on discharge. Major components of the system consisted of a cell voltage monitor, a multiplexing circuit, and individual electromechanical relays for each cell. The system was found to function well in controlling the battery during a simulated 10-month MM-71 mission and a 2-month simulated low earth orbit cycling mission. A flight version of the bypass system was estimated to have a total parts count of 150 and total weight of 1.63 kg. When fully developed, the system shows promise for improving life and reliability of spacecraft batteries.

Frank, H. A.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Experimental investigation and model development of the Skylab ATM secondary nickel-cadmium batteries

The performance of a Ni-Cd battery was evaluated and the cyclic battery controls to be used on the ATM batteries were determined. Cell and battery performance models were developed which to predict the performance of the secondary Ni-Cd batteries on the ATM. Capacity degradation and charge acceptance characteristics were considered. Mathematical models for each of these operating areas were developed based on data from two separate test programs. The capacity degradation model describes the expected usable battery capacity as a function of time, temperature, and depth-of-discharge. The charge acceptance model describes the cell charge acceptance as a function of charge rate, temperature, and state of charge. The models were designed for computer use and to facilitate possible battery modification. They can be used to predict expected performance or to compare real time performance during flight.

Kirsch, W. W.↗