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DOE OSTI2023

Los Alamos National Laboratory Internal Audit Strategic Plan

Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL or the Laboratory) is managed under a management and operations (M&O) contract by Triad National Security, LLC (Triad), a nonprofit, public-focused consortium that includes Battelle Memorial Institute, the Texas A&M University System, and the University of California. The Internal Audit Group (IA) at LANL creates a formal strategic plan every five years in order to establish longer-range goals and initiatives to ensure the group fulfills its purpose as established in the Audit Charter, conforms with relevant standards, and is focused on continuous improvement. This document establishes the five-year strategic plan for fiscal year’s (FY) 2024 - 2028.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

DOE OSTI2023

Development of a Metocean Reference Site near the Massachusetts and Rhode Island Wind Energy Areas

This project developed the first long-term U.S.-based offshore MetOcean Reference Site (MORS-1) by capitalizing on a unique combination of one of the few existing publicly available offshore wind energy metocean observational campaigns in the United States and the only existing research-grade offshore fixed tower. Data collected at MORS-1 has facilitated improved wind resource assessments, improved short-term power production estimates, and reduced costs for sensor validation and calibration efforts, which translate into reduced overall wind energy project risk and cost for developers. Now operational, MORS-1 serves the needs of both industry and researchers using a nonprofit, joint industry-academic partnership model. Led by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, the MORS-1 development effort focused on creating both a recognized organizational structure that will ensure support of the MORS-1 by the wider wind energy industry and research community, and a highly validated data collection and sensor validation facility that will serve as the premier location for cost- and uncertainty-reducing resource characterization and research efforts.

17 WIND ENERGY↗

DOE OSTI2023

Sustainable Chemistry in RD&D to Transform the Chemicals Sector Roundtable

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Industrial Efficiency and Decarbonization Office and Change Chemistry (formerly the Green Chemistry & Commerce Council, GC3) co-hosted the Sustainable Chemistry in RD&D [research, development, and demonstration] to Transform the Chemicals Sector Roundtable on March 7, 2023. The event brought together about 50 participants—from industry, national laboratories, small businesses, startups, nonprofits, and government—to gather input on how to effectively leverage sustainable chemistry to advance industrial decarbonization, industrial efficiency, and environmental justice goals. This report is a summary of the views expressed by individual participants during the roundtable; it is not intended to represent DOE’s views or programmatic priorities.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗

DOE OSTI2023

Bringing Solar to BIPOC Houses of Worship - Solar Energy Innovation Network (Final Technical Report)

As is well documented in the research, there is a great disparity of where solar is installed in the US based on race and ethnicity. Black, Indigenous and People of Color (BIPOC) communities have significantly less solar power installed on average than non-BIPOC communities. However, when solar installations do occur in BIPOC communities, the rate of subsequent adoption by neighbors is faster on average than in non-BIPOC communities. In addition, nonprofit organizations, such as houses of worship, have limited access to solar financing options. The goal of this initiative by RE-volv, Interfaith Power & Light, and Green the Church is to help BIPOC-led houses of worship go solar, and in doing so, demonstrate the benefits of solar energy to their community. This report details the progress achieved during the contract term of February 2022 through May 2023.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗

DOE OSTI2024

Clean Energy Workforce and Employment Gap Analysis in the Hill District of Pittsburgh, PA [Slides]

Through Communities LEAP, a community coalition focused on the Hill District neighborhood of Pittsburgh is working with a technical assistance provider network led by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). The coalition includes community organizations, nonprofits, the city government, and the utility. Technical assistance provides analysis and information to support Hill District stakeholders in their goals to create informed residential energy efficiency and renewable energy transition strategies that improve housing conditions and lower energy bills, incorporate energy efficiency and renewable energy strategies into existing, community-driven development efforts; and generate quality local jobs. This presentation provides a summary of potential employment impacts of residential energy efficiency investments in the Hill District, aligned with NREL's housing stock analysis; a scan of existing energy efficiency and clean energy workforce and education stakeholders in and around the Hill District; and gaps and potential opportunities for new or expanded training to align with energy efficiency and clean energy goals.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

DOE OSTI2024

Residential Home Repairs, Energy Efficiency, and Electrification in the Hill District of Pittsburgh [Slides]

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗

DOE OSTI2024

Advanced Energy Topics for Hill District Community Leaders [Slides]

Through Communities LEAP, a community coalition focused on the Hill District neighborhood of Pittsburgh is working with a technical assistance provider network led by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). The coalition includes community organizations, nonprofits, the city government, and the utility. Technical assistance provides analysis and information to support Hill District stakeholders in their goals to create informed residential energy efficiency and renewable energy transition strategies that improve housing conditions and lower energy bills, incorporate energy efficiency and renewable energy strategies into existing, community-driven development efforts, and generate quality local jobs. The Advanced Energy Topics resource is intended to support Hill District community leaders with strategic planning on energy-related topics. The topics included are intended to serve as a technical reference for community leaders to help inform decision-making around energy. The Advanced Energy Topics resource was informed by engagement through the Communities LEAP pilot program with three Hill District Registered Community Organizations: the Hill District Collaborative, the Hill District Consensus Group, and the Hill Community Development Corporation.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗

DOE OSTI2024

Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE) Study for Vernon County, Wisconsin [Slides]

Viroqua is a town in Wisconsin with a population of approximately 4,500. The Vernon County Energy district is a local nonprofit in Viroqua that provides energy education, individualized energy consulting and coaching to residents and businesses. They have a very good relationship with our county government and wish to support their efforts. The Vernon County government is currently working on a comprehensive plan and would like to include planning for electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure in the plan. They are seeking guidance on logical phases for implementation and identifying the best locations for Level 2 and Level 3 EV chargers. NREL provided technical input on strategic planning for electric vehicle (EV) adoption and electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) expansion in Vernon County through the Clean Energy to Communities (C2C) Expert Match technical assistance program. NREL provided strategic planning support for EV expansion planning in Vernon County and siting considerations for locating EVSE.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗

DOE OSTI2025

Circularity Futures Workshop Series: Summary Report

The aim of this report is to synthesize key feedback received from the three-part Circularity Futures workshop series held in Spring 2024. The workshop series was conducted by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) on behalf of U.S. Department of Energy, Office Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), and was broken into three workshops: Workshop 1 - Circularity Analysis Needs and Priorities; Workshop 2 - Circularity Metrics and Indicators; and Workshop 3 - Circularity Data. Together, the workshops focused on identifying the existing priorities and gaps in the circularity modeling space, understanding different stakeholders' use and interpretation of circularity metrics and indicators, identifying common data gaps and data quality challenges, and assessing the robustness of available solutions. The workshop series brought a diverse group of stakeholders - including representatives from U.S. government offices, national labs, nonprofit organizations, industry, and academia - to collect first-hand feedback on needs, priorities, challenges and opportunities in the circularity modeling and analysis space. The workshop discussions highlighted numerous common needs, priorities and challenges among the interviewed groups. Several topics were frequently discussed, including: 1) Circularity as a pathway for sustainable economic growth: While circularity is generally defined in terms of resource conservation and reducing wasteful disposal of materials, participants agreed that circular strategies should serve broader economic, environmental, and social goals. It is therefore crucial for circularity analysis to look beyond waste reduction and instead evaluate a variety of impact metrics such as cost savings, job creation, air quality, and pollutant emissions. Mutli-criteria decision-making frameworks may be useful for making sense of disparate metrics and evaluating tradeoffs between impact categories.; 2) Economic and social factors are not well understood: Underdevelopment of existing end-of-life (EOL) management infrastructure, inconsistent standardization codes and policy space in reusing recycled content, and suboptimal collection and sorting strategies collectively contribute to uncertainty about the economic potential of circular pathways. The latter observation is consistent among all technologies but more emphasized for renewable energy systems. Social impacts of circularity practices are less understood and less researched than other sustainability aspects.; 3) Inconsistent methods for assessing emerging technologies: LCA and TEA results vary widely depending on the assumptions made with regards to market adoption of new technologies. Emerging technologies suffer limited availability of data needed to conduct a robust circularity analysis. Yet, understanding projected impacts of proposed nascent technology is a key need for different stakeholder groups.; and 4) Lack of temporally and geospatially explicit data: There is a need for open data that represents variations in circularity technologies over time and location. The lack thereof leads to aggregated and potentially misrepresented results in circularity analysis. Sensitivity analyses should be included to verify whether options perceived as more sustainable align with real-world practices.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

DOE OSTI2025

Revising the Feasibility Study for Solar PV Deployment Conducted for Pueblo of Zia in 2013

The project team comprising ICAST (International Center for Appropriate and Sustainable Technology), a national 501 c3 nonprofit, and Pueblo of Zia worked to determine the feasibility of constructing two different types of solar projects. The first is a 5 MW solar farm on tribal land, adjacent to the Tri-State Generation and Transmission substation, the utility that has exclusive rights to serve the Pueblo of Zia. The second is behind-the-meter solar installations on or near Pueblo of Zia buildings, such as the Zia Enrichment Library, the T'siya Enrichment Center, the Health and Wellness Center, the Tribal Administration Building, and Zia Pueblo Senior Center.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗

DOE OSTI2025

Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Monitoring for Space Farming Institute [Slides]

Through the U.S. Department of Energy's Energy to Communities (E2C) program, NREL, other national laboratory experts, and select organizations provide Expert Match - free, short-term technical assistance to address near-term energy challenges and questions. Expert Match is for community stakeholders who have decision-making power or influence in their community but need access to additional energy expertise to inform key upcoming decisions. This Expert Match request supported the Space Farming Institute, a nonprofit organization located in Anchorage, AK, with an indoor air quality analysis. The NREL team analyzed indoor air quality data provided by the Space Farming Institute, which experts at PNNL used to design an indoor bioreactor to grow Ulva algae for indoor air quality mitigation purposes.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

DOE OSTI2026

High-Latitude, Low-Altitude SAI: Overview of G6-1.5K-HiLLA Simulations in E3SMv3

This report details a contribution of Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 3 (E3SMv3) simulations to a proposed model intercomparison project funded and organized by Reflective, a nonprofit group studying the possible global impacts of SAI. Using annual feedback control and seasonally-variable injection sites to achieve a desired global near-surface temperature target, the simulated SAI campaign indicates robust maintenance of the 2020-2039 climatic state over 60 years into the future.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2020

Mind the Gap: A Design for a New Energy Technology Commercialization Foundation

The United States is struggling to move innovative energy technologies from discovery to scale. This gap could put the climate and U.S. investments at risk. A nonprofit foundation working with the Department of Energy could help fill the gap.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

DOE OSTI2026

Solar Training and Education Partnership for Underserved Populations

Solar Landscape’s STEP-UP program provided high quality solar installation training in partnership with community-based organizations (CBOs) in various regions within the U.S. Solar Landscape leveraged internal subject matter experts (SME’s) industry guidance and regional training assessments to provide customized training designed to support the growing solar and broader energy sector. Upon completion of the program, the team assisted trainees and nonprofit partners with connections to Solar Landscape contractors as well as local and National residential solar installation companies to facilitate placement into careers and apprenticeships.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗

DOE OSTI2022

Scaling Sustainable Biochar Research & Commercialization for Agriculture & Conservation: A Summary from a Stakeholder Convening

Biochar is a carbon-rich substance with the potential to increase soil carbon sequestration, reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and improve soil health. When used as part of soil health management systems, biochar can provide multiple synergistic benefits for the agricultural sector and society, while also supporting the production of renewable, climate-neutral biofuels. Establishing a pyrolysis biochar bioenergy industry (PBBI) is necessary to harness the environmental benefits of biochar. To galvanize the necessary coordination to support a PBBI, the Foundation for Food & Agriculture Research (FFAR), the National Center for Appropriate Technology (NCAT), and American Farmland Trust (AFT) co-hosted a virtual convening event on biochar research and commercialization in March 2022. Participants represented a diverse set of stakeholders, including biochar producers, agricultural producers, and members of nonprofit, industry and government agencies. This whitepaper offers a summary of the convening, as well as insights from subsequent stakeholder engagement. Sustainably sourced, fit-for-purpose biochar can be a powerful tool in the soil health management systems and climate-smart toolbox, with decades of research supporting the soil, environment, production, and climate benefits. However, because biochar represents a range of feedstocks, processes and products, there is a critical need to: • Coordinate efforts to characterize and test the application of biochar types across locations with diverse soil and management conditions • Address research and decision-support gaps • Support the growing industry These objectives can be addressed or advanced through a coordinated strategy. To support establishment of this strategy, the convening participants identified key gaps in implementation and research. The experiences of foresters, ranchers, and farmers already using biochar, some of whom participated in the convening, helped inform priorities. Key gaps include: • Practical, applied on-farm research • Supporting management for agricultural productivity • Maximum benefits for conservation • Decision support • Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) • Quantification of climate mitigation potential Existing research gaps include: • Potential synergies among biochar, soil organic matter, and enhanced rock weathering • Development of new storage reservoirs for biochar in industrial products Convening participants further provided next steps for rapidly developing a PBBI to produce sustainable, fit-for-purpose biochars that increase soil health and mitigate climate change. Participants also stressed the need for actionable, coordinated, large-scale research relevant to commercial production in the next five years. To have a chance to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, we need an array of tools that would aid in mitigation; a coordinated strategy to enable biochar to be an effective tool in the climate-smart toolbox must be created; We cannot wait 50 years.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2026

Energy Storage Siting and Permitting Outreach Workshop Report

On March 24th, 2026, under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Electricity, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) staff hosted the Energy Storage Siting & Permitting Outreach Workshop at PNNL’s Grid Storage Launchpad (GSL) facility in Richland, Washington. The workshop convened a cohort of state and regional stakeholders from across the country to build a shared understanding of energy storage technologies, regulatory frameworks, and best practices for engaging in the permitting process. Participants left with a deeper understanding of energy storage technologies, grid uses and benefits, interconnection and regulatory processes, battery safety standards and risk management, and local engagement strategies and approaches. The workshop concluded with a guided tour of the GSL for hands-on exposure to energy storage research and development. The workshop had 17 external participants. The attendees represented a range of backgrounds, including state and local governments, nonprofits or other local organizations, project developers, and utility stakeholders.

Battery Energy Storage↗

DOE OSTI2022

End-User Perspectives on Using Quantitative Real-Time PCR and Genomic Sequencing in the Field

Quantitative real-time PCR and genomic sequencing have become mainstays for performing molecular detection of biological threat agents in the field. There are notional assessments of the benefits, disadvantages, and challenges that each of these technologies offers according to findings in the literature. However, direct comparison between these two technologies in the context of field-forward operations is lacking. Most market surveys, whether published in print form or provided online, are directed to product manufacturers who can address their respective specifications and operations. One method for comparing these technologies is surveying end-users who are best suited for discussing operational capabilities, as they have hands-on experience with state-of-the-art molecular detection platforms and protocols. These end-users include operators in military defense and first response, as well as various research scientists in the public sector such as government and service laboratories, private sector, and civil society such as academia and nonprofit organizations performing method development and executing these protocols in the field. Our objective was to initiate a survey specific to end-users and their feedback. We developed a questionnaire that asked respondents to (1) determine what technologies they currently use, (2) identify the settings where the technologies are used, whether lab-based or field-forward, and (3) rate the technologies according to a set list of criteria. Of particular interest are assessments of sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility, scalability, portability, and discovery power. This article summarizes the findings from the end-user perspective, highlighting technical and operational challenges.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2021

EarthScope Seismic Station A21K (A21K-6) Field Campaign Report

Seismic station A21K has been successfully operating over the last five years. The station was constructed on 4/24/2014 by creating a borehole using an auger drill and inserting a PVC pipe casing. Roughly one month later, on 6/2/2014, the seismometer, weather station (Vaisala WXT520 meteorological sensor), enclosure, and electronics were installed. Collected data is being reported in real-time and is publicly available. On rare occasion, the station has required in-person service/maintenance visits, occurring on 4/29/2015 (fix faulty cable), 4/5/2016 (swap VIE), and 8/4/2017 (general check-up visit while in the area). This station is one in a 280-station seismic array/grid that make up the EarthScope: Transportable Array (USArray) project, funded by the National Science Foundation. USArray is operated by the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS), a nonprofit 503(c) Corporation founded in 1984, that is a consortium of over 100 US universities dedicated to the operation of science facilities for the acquisition, management, and distribution of seismological data.

North Slope of Alaska, seismology, Earth system↗