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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 379 records · Page 21

MO-F-CAMPUS-T-02: An Electronic Whiteboard Platform to Manage Treatment Planning Process

Purpose: In an effort to improve patient safety and streamline the radiotherapy treatment planning (TP) process, a software based whiteboard had been developed and put in use in our facility Methods: The electronic whiteboard developed using SQL database (DB) and PHP/JavaScript based web interface, is published via department intranet and login credentials. The DB stores data for each TP process such as patient information, plan type, simulation/start dates, physician, dosimetrist, QA and the current status in planning process. Users interact with the DB per plan and perform status updates in real time as the planning process progresses. All user interactions with the DB are recorded with timestamps so as to calculate statistical information for TP process management such as contouring times, planning and review times, dosimetry, physics and therapist QA times. External beam and brachytherapy plans are categorized according to complexity (ex: IMRT, 3D, HDR, LDR etc) and treatment types and applicators. Each plan category is assigned specific timelines for each planning process. When a plan approaches or passes the predetermined timeline, users are alerted via color coded graphical cues. When certain process items are not completed in time, pre-determined actions are triggered such as a delay in treatment start date. Results: Our institution has been using the electronic whiteboard for two years. Implementation of pre-determined actions based on the statistical information collected by the whiteboard improved our TP process. For example, the average time for normal tissue contouring decreased from 0.73±1.37 to 0.24±0.33 days. The average time for target volume contouring decreased from 3.2±2.84 to 2.37±2.54 days. This increase in efficiency allows more time for quality assurance processes, improving patient safety. Conclusion: The electronic whiteboard has been an invaluable tool for streamlining our TP processes. It facilitates timely and accurate communication between all parties involved in the TP process increasing patient safety.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗

Separations and Waste Forms Campaign Implementation Plan

This Separations and Waste Forms Campaign Implementation Plan provides summary level detail describing how the Campaign will achieve the objectives set-forth by the Fuel Cycle Reasearch and Development (FCRD) Program. This implementation plan will be maintained as a living document and will be updated as needed in response to changes or progress in separations and waste forms research and the FCRD Program priorities.

Department of Energy↗

NIF progress and facility allocations through Q4FY2012

The National Ignition Facility (NIF) has had a highly successful operational period in the first three quarters of FY2011. This memorandum describes NIF progress through June 30, 2011, and provides an update to NIF facility allocations discussed in my memorandum of March 30, 2011 (see Attachment 1).

42 ENGINEERING↗

Study and Estimation of Planet-crossing Asteroid Populations: Discoveries and Analysis

The populations of the various classes of planet-crossing asteroids, based on the results of the systematic Planet-Crossing Asteroid Survey (PCAS) search program are evaluated. Knowledge of the populations is crucial to the stimation of lunar and terrestrial planet cratering rates from asteroidal and cometary sources needed to establish the chronology of other surface features on those bodies. A secondary objective is to identify the sources of these crater-forming objects and their relative importance in producing the observed planet-crossing asteroid population. Some key PCAS asteroid discoveries relevant to the population problem and the progress in using the available search data to update and refine earlier estimates of the planet-crossing asteroid population are described.

Helin, E. F.↗

Terrestrial Planet Finder Interferometer: Architecture, Mission Design and Technology Development

This overview paper is a progress report about the system design and technology development of two interferometer concepts studied for the Terrestrial Planet Finder (TPF) project. The two concepts are a structurally-connected interferometer (SCI) intended to fulfill minimum TPF science goals and a formation-flying interferometer (FFI) intended to fulfill full science goals. Described are major trades, analyses, and technology experiments completed. Near term plans are also described. This paper covers progress since August 2003 and serves as an update to a paper presented at that month's SPIE conference, 'Techniques and Instrumentation for Detection of Exoplanets.

formation - flying↗

Initial Investigation of Operational Concept Elements for NASA's NextGen-Airportal Project Research

The NextGen-Airportal Project is organized into three research focus areas: Safe and Efficient Surface Operations, Coordinated Arrival/Departure Operations Management, and Airportal Transition and Integration Management. The content in this document was derived from an examination of constraints and problems at airports for accommodating future increases in air traffic, and from an examination of capabilities envisioned for NextGen. The concepts are organized around categories of constraints and problems and therefore do not precisely match, but generally reflect, the research focus areas. The concepts provide a framework for defining and coordinating research activities that are, and will be, conducted by the NextGen-Airportal Project. The concepts will help the research activities function as an integrated set focused on future needs for airport operations and will aid aligning the research activities with NextGen key capabilities. The concepts are presented as concept elements with more detailed sub-elements under each concept element. For each concept element, the following topics are discussed: constraints and problems being addressed, benefit descriptions, required technology and infrastructure, and an initial list of potential research topics. Concept content will be updated and more detail added as the research progresses. The concepts are focused on enhancing airportal capacity and efficiency in a timeframe 20 to 25 years in the future, which is similar to NextGen's timeframe.

Lohr, Gary↗

Long-Term Stewardship at a Former Uranium Mill Tailings Site in Riverton, Wyoming WM2017-17090

The US Department of Energy Office of Legacy Management (LM) is responsible for maintaining protective public health and environmental conditions at former uranium mill tailings sites nationwide via long-term stewardship. One of these sites, a former uranium mill near Riverton, Wyoming, is within the boundary of the Wind River Indian Reservation and operated from 1958 to 1963. Tailings and contaminated material associated with mill operations were removed and transported to an offsite disposal cell in 1989. The remedial action was completed under Title I of the Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act of 1978. Milling operations, which included an unlined tailings impoundment and an unlined evaporation pond, contaminated the shallow groundwater, resulting in a downgradient groundwater plume that discharges to the Little Wind River. A natural flushing compliance strategy was implemented in 1998. This strategy allows contaminants of concern to naturally flush from the groundwater, provided that contaminants flush below US Environmental Protection Agency maximum concentration limits within 100 years. As part of the compliance strategy, LM has implemented a groundwater monitoring program along with institutional controls that include the installation of an alternate water supply, continued sampling of private wells, and restrictions on well drilling and gravel pit construction. LM works closely with local stakeholders and community members to ensure that these institutional controls are in place and maintained. The Riverton site provides an interesting case study where contaminant remobilization due to river flooding prompted a reevaluation of the conceptual site model to verify if the current compliance strategy would remain protective of human health and the environment. Concentrations of groundwater contaminants, which include sulfate, molybdenum, and uranium, were transiently elevated following flooding of the Little Wind River in 2010 and 2016. These flood events provided the impetus to investigate other aspects of the hydrologic system, including the unsaturated zone, naturally reduced (sulfidic) zones, and evaporite deposits. New site conceptual models, field and laboratory studies, and numerical models are being developed to explain how biogeochemical sediment–water interactions contribute to plume persistence and flood-related increases in groundwater concentrations. Updated human health and ecological risk assessments are progressing to evaluate the risk to human health and the environment based on current site conditions. Groundwater concentrations may remain above US Environmental Protection Agency maximum concentration limits beyond the 100-year natural flushing regulatory time frame. LM in its capacity as a long-term steward continues to monitor the site to ensure protectiveness is maintained and to determine the feasibility of alternative compliance and remediation strategies.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Long-Term Stewardship at a Former Uranium Mill Tailings Site in Riverton, Wyoming - 17090

The US Department of Energy Office of Legacy Management (LM) is responsible for maintaining protective public health and environmental conditions at former uranium mill tailings sites nationwide via long-term stewardship. One of these sites, a former uranium mill near Riverton, Wyoming, is within the boundary of the Wind River Indian Reservation and operated from 1958 to 1963. Tailings and contaminated material associated with mill operations were removed and transported to an offsite disposal cell in 1989. The remedial action was completed under Title I of the Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act of 1978. Milling operations, which included an unlined tailings impoundment and an unlined evaporation pond, contaminated the shallow groundwater, resulting in a down-gradient groundwater plume that discharges to the Little Wind River. A natural flushing compliance strategy was implemented in 1998. This strategy allows contaminants of concern to naturally flush from the groundwater, provided that contaminants flush below US Environmental Protection Agency maximum concentration limits within 100 years. As part of the compliance strategy, LM has implemented a groundwater monitoring program along with institutional controls that include the installation of an alternate water supply, continued sampling of private wells, and restrictions on well drilling and gravel pit construction. LM works closely with local stakeholders and community members to ensure that these institutional controls are in place and maintained. The Riverton site provides an interesting case study where contaminant remobilization due to river flooding prompted a reevaluation of the conceptual site model to verify if the current compliance strategy would remain protective of human health and the environment. Concentrations of groundwater contaminants, which include sulfate, molybdenum, and uranium, were transiently elevated following flooding of the Little Wind River in 2010 and 2016. These flood events provided the impetus to investigate other aspects of the hydrologic system, including the unsaturated zone, naturally reduced (sulfidic) zones, and evaporite deposits. New site conceptual models, field and laboratory studies, and numerical models are being developed to explain how biogeochemical sediment-water interactions contribute to plume persistence and flood-related increases in groundwater concentrations. Updated human health and ecological risk assessments are progressing to evaluate the risk to human health and the environment based on current site conditions. Groundwater concentrations may remain above US Environmental Protection Agency maximum concentration limits beyond the 100-year natural flushing regulatory time frame. LM in its capacity as a long-term steward continues to monitor the site to ensure protectiveness is maintained and to determine the feasibility of alternative compliance and remediation strategies. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗

Methodology for Waste Forecasting and Informing an Integrated Waste Strategy at CNL - 18055

CNL is Canada's premier nuclear science and technology organization. CNL is a world leader in developing peaceful and innovative applications from nuclear technology through its expertise in physics, metallurgy, chemistry, biology and engineering. CNL is responsible for managing wastes from various locations across Canada. As a result of this work, legacy wastes have been generated and ongoing operations will continue to generate wastes. In order to identify gaps and ensure that paths are available to manage wastes, a waste forecast was developed. The waste forecast is intended to inform corporate strategy based on the volume of waste generated and into the future. One of the key pieces of output has been an estimate on the variability for forecasted volumes of wastes. Various sources of information were analyzed to provide a high-level summary. Many inputs were considered due to the various locations of waste generation, continuing operations, capital construction, decommissioning activities, and environmental remediation activities. In order to allow a holistic view, all waste streams were considered, including conventional industrial wastes to high-level wastes. The resulting output has mainly been used in identifying potential gaps in future storage requirements and disposition routes. It allows for the identification of the magnitude and the timing, if a gap is present. This information becomes a critical dataset to an Integrated Waste Strategy. Critical decisions regarding waste management can then be prioritized and scheduled. As the waste forecast is a living document, the existing information currently captured represents a baseline. To ensure quality management, future changes are to be documented through a change control process. Such changes can be from actual data or from updates to estimates through characterization, etc. As time progresses, comparisons between actual waste volumes versus forecasted volumes can then be used to further refine predictions on future waste generation. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗

Organization Change: Leadership Speaks the Future, Management Makes It Happen - 18462

Implementing an organization change is challenging, because many changes touch unexpected organizational units and processes, requiring unplanned inter-group communications and collaboration. Organization change communications can be designed to engage people, and to coordinate their actions for a successful change completion. Leadership communication focuses on presenting the idea for an organization change as a purposeful and worthwhile process that will deliver benefits to the organization and its customers and stakeholders. A series of discussions with personnel to clarify the change objectives, success metrics, and timelines serve to engage them in productive participation in the change process. Management communication ensures that the actions taken will be effective to accomplish the intended results and benefits of the change. The depth, detail, and orientation of the information delivered in these three types of communication is different, but the intention, in all cases, is to have people work together to successfully complete the goal(s) of the change. An example of these communications is included in this paper, focusing on the communications of a change leader. Change leadership communications are usually delivered by high-level people but can be delivered by individuals at any level. They speak a vision for a possibility, i.e., a new future, in a way that engages people in its value and desirability. The shift from change leadership communications to change management communications is best made as a collection of dialogues with groups of people who will be leading, managing, supporting and/or participating in various aspects of the change. These dialogues take several forms, including Q and A sessions, dialogues to clarify what 'success' will look like, and discussions that develop management tools and practices for the change. These 'engagement' discussions create a bridge from leadership vision to management implementation. Change managers often head up departments, teams, or smaller groups. Their communications are designed to have group members participate in refining the change goals into team goals, measures, and assignments; collaboration with key players; and tracking and updating elements of the change process as it progresses toward completion. This work is often more daunting than the leadership phase, due to forces of increasing detail, complexity, and disorganization over time, such as unexpected interruptions, changes in resources, and new requirements for coordination. (authors)

96 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND PRESERVATION↗

Uranium from Seawater Cost Analysis: Recent Updates

While it is not meant to be a direct competitor with conventionally mined uranium, seawater uranium has significant potential to sway policy makers and the public toward the long term viability of nuclear power. Given the large mass of uranium contained within the ocean and its continual replenishment by freshwater run-off and the ocean floor, seawater uranium can be considered for all practical purposes a renewable resource. In addition to this assurance of supply security placing nuclear power on equal footing with other renewable energy generation technologies, seawater uranium removes a key uncertainty by establishing a cost ceiling on uranium based fuels. Given the evolving nature of this technology, this paper aims to provide an update of the economic model to reflect recent progress. This analysis will reference a passive collection system currently under development by Oak Ridge and Pacific Northwest National Labs. This system consists of a polymer modified to contain amidoxime functional groups, a ligand with high uranium affinity. The adsorbing material is then braided into long segments so it may be moored to the bottom of the ocean where it passively collects uranium for a period on the order of weeks to months. Upon completion of its soaking campaign adsorbent is winched to the surface by work boats so the uranium may be eluted off the braids. After a chemical rinse the braids may then be redeployed for another soaking campaign and uranium elution. The adsorbent can be redeployed as many times as is economically feasible, which is a function of the degradation the material suffers upon each reuse. Noteworthy experimental progress has tightened the gap separating estimates of the optimistic and pessimistic case uranium production cost relative to the most recent analysis. It has been demonstrated before that significant uncertainty in adsorbent performance, and thus recovery cost, arises primarily from variability in adsorbent degradation upon reuse and the effects of marine biofouling on uptake. While the underlying recovery mechanism remains, significant changes have been made regarding the method of adsorbent synthesis, propagating to improvements in adsorbent durability. Additionally, further experimentation regarding the area of marine biofouling has tightened the range of expected adsorbent performance when placed in true marine conditions.

07 ISOTOPE AND RADIATION SOURCES↗

Update On the Status of the FLUKA Monte Carlo Transport Code*

The FLUKA Monte Carlo transport code is a well-known simulation tool in High Energy Physics. FLUKA is a dynamic tool in the sense that it is being continually updated and improved by the authors. We review the progress achieved since the last CHEP Conference on the physics models, some technical improvements to the code and some recent applications. From the point of view of the physics, improvements have been made with the extension of PEANUT to higher energies for p, n, pi, pbar/nbar and for nbars down to the lowest energies, the addition of the online capability to evolve radioactive products and get subsequent dose rates, upgrading of the treatment of EM interactions with the elimination of the need to separately prepare preprocessed files. A new coherent photon scattering model, an updated treatment of the photo-electric effect, an improved pair production model, new photon cross sections from the LLNL Cullen database have been implemented. In the field of nucleus-- nucleus interactions the electromagnetic dissociation of heavy ions has been added along with the extension of the interaction models for some nuclide pairs to energies below 100 MeV/A using the BME approach, as well as the development of an improved QMD model for intermediate energies. Both DPMJET 2.53 and 3 remain available along with rQMD 2.4 for heavy ion interactions above 100 MeV/A. Technical improvements include the ability to use parentheses in setting up the combinatorial geometry, the introduction of pre-processor directives in the input stream. a new random number generator with full 64 bit randomness, new routines for mathematical special functions (adapted from SLATEC). Finally, work is progressing on the deployment of a user-friendly GUI input interface as well as a CAD-like geometry creation and visualization tool. On the application front, FLUKA has been used to extensively evaluate the potential space radiation effects on astronauts for future deep space missions, the activation dose for beam target areas, dose calculations for radiation therapy as well as being adapted for use in the simulation of events in the ALICE detector at the LHC.

Ferrari, A.↗

SAM Developments for MSR Modeling (FY21)

An advanced system analysis tool, SAM, is under development for advanced non-LWR reactor safety analysis, including molten salt reactors (MSR). To support the development and utilization of the SAM code for MSR safety analysis and licensing, continuous efforts have been devoted to enhancing code capabilities and updating reference models for the MSRs. This report documents the FY21 progress in SAM code development, capability enhancements, and reference model development to support transient safety analysis of MSRs, including code enhancements in reactor kinetics and reactivity feedback modeling for liquid fuel reactors, updates of the Molten Salt Reactor Experiment (MSRE) primary system model, developments and updates of the molten salt fast reactor (MSFR) model based on EVOL design, and implementation of a drift flux model for modeling gas transport in MSR systems.

21 SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED PLANTS↗

Revolution…Now The Future Arrives for Five Clean Energy Technologies – 2015 Update

In 2013, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) released the Revolution Now report, highlighting four transformational technologies: land-based wind power, silicon photovoltaic (PV) solar modules, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and electric vehicles (EVs). That study and its 2014 update showed how dramatic reductions in cost are driving a surge in consumer, industrial, and commercial adoption for these clean energy technologies—as well as yearly progress. In addition to presenting the continued progress made over the last year in these areas, this year’s update goes further. Two separate sections now cover large, central, utility-scale PV plants and smaller, rooftop, distributed PV systems to highlight how both have achieved significant deployment nationwide, and have done so through different innovations, such as easier access to capital for utility-scale PV and reductions of non-hardware costs and third-party ownership for distributed PV. Along with these core technologies

Revolution, future, clean, energy, wind, pv, solar↗

SFWST Disposal Research R&D 5-Year Plan - FY2021 Update.

In the planning for FY2020 in the U.S. DOE NE-81 Spent Fuel and Waste Science and Technology (SFWST) Campaign, the DOE requested development of a plan for activities in the Disposal Research (DR) Research and Development (R&D) over a five (5)-year period, and DOE requested periodic updates to this plan. The DR R&D 5-year plan was provided to the DOE based on the FY2020 priorities and program structure (Sassani et al., 2020) and represents a strategic guide to the work within the DR R&D technical areas (i.e., the Control Accounts), focusing on the highest priority technical thrusts. This FY2021 report is the first update to the DR R&D 5-year plan for the SFWST Campaign DR R&D activities. This 5-year plan will be a living document and is planned to be updated periodically to provide review of accomplishments and for prioritization changes based on aspects including mission progress, external technical work, and changes in SFWST Campaign objectives and/or funding levels (i.e., Program Direction). The updates to this 5-year plan will address the DR R&D that has been completed (accomplishments) and the additional knowledge gaps to be investigated, with any updates to the DR R&D priorities for the next stages of activities.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗