Evaluation of high strength columbium alloys for alkali metal containment interim report no. 2, jul. 25, 1962 - jul. 10, 1964
Alkali metal containment of three high strength columbium alloy reflex capsules
HIGH STRENGTH ALLOY↗
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Hands-free, precision control for small hovering vehicles - A flying qualities study Final report
Flight simulator determination of human balancing reflex for control of small hovering vehicles
HOVERING ROCKET↗
Tests of canal function with special reference to central vestibular pathways
Techniques for examination of controlling mechanisms of vestibular reflex arc due to rotary and caloric stimulation
Anderson, A.↗
The Oxygen Regime of the Organism and Its Regulation /Symposium/
Reflexes and control of respiration and oxygen circulation in human body
Lauer, N. V.↗
A molecular resonance AFC system for millimeter oscillators.
Millimeter wave oscillator AFC system utilizing inherent stability of molecular rotational transition applied to reflex klystron stabilization
Cram, M. E.↗
Behavioral responses to short periods of lowered gravitational force in blind goldfish.
Blind goldfish behavioral responses to short lowered gravitational force cycles during vertical flight classified as vestibular reflexes resulting from otolith displacement
Atema, J.↗
A resume of sessions on motion sickness
Neurological elements in vomiting sequence and components of emetic reflex in motion sickness
Borison, H. L.↗
Hands-free precision control for EVA
Human foot-balancing reflex as basis for hands- free EVA control system
Breul, H. T.↗
The effects of noise on man
Book on noise effects on man covering audiometry, aural reflex, hearing damage risk, physiological responses, motor performance and speech communication
Kryter, K. D.↗
Stimulation of cardiovascular adaptability during prolonged space exposure
The deconditioning effects of weightlessness on the cardiovascular system of astronauts are discussed. It is believed that man cannot tolerate indefinite exposure to weightlessness without considerable circulatory deterioration. Analyses of data collected from space flights to date substantiate these beliefs, and confirm the fact that some form of compensation must be provided to keep the cardiovascular system of space travelers properly conditioned. Sequential pulsatile devices were investigated to produce periodic hydrostatic pressure gradients in the venous system of eight subhuman primates. Intermittent venous pooling of blood in the extremities triggers and stimulates the vascular reflex mechanisms of the cardiovascular system that may have significant benefits in maintaining the circulatory system in proper tone under weightless conditions. Electrocardiograms, blood pressure measurements, cardiac output and stroke volume determinations were used to evaluate the efficiency of the described technique. Results were amazingly consistent to indicate an efficient system for intermittently exercising the heart within safe and medically acceptable limits.
Gorman, H. A.↗
Bioassay of body fluids, experiment M005
Preflight and postflight urine and plasma samples from the Gemini 7 and Gemini 9 crewmembers were analyzed. Electrolyte and water retention observed immediately postflight was consistent with the assumption that the Gauer-Henry atrial reflex was responsive to a change from the weightless to the unit-gravity environment. Immediately postflight, plasma 17-hydroxycorticosteroid concentrations were increased and plasma uric acid concentration was decreased. The increased excretion of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids immediately postflight probably was caused by the stress of entry. The postflight increase of plasma protein, and the slightly smaller increase of plasma electrolytes postflight, was consistent with an inflight water and electrolyte loss that resulted in postflight retention of water and electrolytes.
Dietlein, L. F.↗
Effect of gravitoinertial force on ocular counterrolling.
The effect of G loading on the magnitude of ocular counterrolling at various angles of tilt up to 63 deg. was measured on normal subjects and compared with the effect on persons with severe or complete loss of vestibular function. The group of six normal subjects manifested a compensatory eye roll which increased as a direct and essentially linear function of the component of the gravitoinertial force acting laterally on the subject. This increase in response was not observed in the five deaf subjects with severe or complete bilateral loss of their vestibular organs. These findings confirmed similar results found by other authors using other measuring techniques which show that the reflex eye movement is dependent on and limited to the magnitude of the gravitoinertial stimulus (within the range used) when the otolithocular system is functioning normally. However when this function is severely impaired or lost, the magnitude of the compensatory eye roll is limited to that manifested at 1 G and possibly to nonotolithic contributions. These findings offer means for differentiation between otolithic-defective and ?normal' persons who exhibit little counterrolling.
Miller, E. F., II↗
In-situ measurement of objective lens data of a high-resolution electron microscope.
Bragg-reflex images of small individual crystallites in the size range of 20-100 A diameter with known crystallographic orientation were used in a transmission electron microscope to determine in-situ: (a) the relationship between objective lens current (or accelerating voltage) changes in discrete steps and corresponding defocus, (b) the spherical aberration coefficient, and (c) the axial chromatic aberration coefficient of the objective lens. The accuracy of the described method is better than 5%. The same specimen can advantageously be used to properly aline the illuminating beam with respect to the optical axis.
Heinemann, K.↗
Advance techniques for monitoring human tolerance to +Gz accelerations.
Standard techniques for monitoring the acceleration-stressed human subject have been augmented by measuring (1) temporal, brachial and/or radial arterial blood flow, and (2) indirect systolic and diastolic blood pressure at 60-sec intervals. Results show that the response of blood pressure to positive accelerations is complex and dependent on an interplay of hydrostatic forces, diminishing venous return, redistribution of blood, and other poorly defined compensatory reflexes.
Pelligra, R.↗
A remote manipulator system for the space shuttle.
Shuttle mission objectives are examined. The outstanding characteristic of the payload handling system will be its versatility. A practical system is needed that combines man's adaptability, skill, and reflexes with the strength, endurance, and relative indestructibility of a machine. Systems that meet these standards, called teleoperators, have been in use for many years. The other half of the problem, the retention of man's natural manipulative skills, is solved by use of a 'master-slave' control system. Two independent, parallel preliminary design studies based on the requirements considered were conducted.
Livingston, L. E.↗
Polarization of the solar corona.
A method of obtaining polarized photographs of the solar corona during total eclipse is described. The required equipment is a reflex viewing type camera with a lens of adequate focal length to give an image of the corona a few millimeters in diameter at the focal plane. A sheet of linear polarizing filter material is placed directly in front of the lens. The filter is mounted in such a way so as to permit a set of four exposures of equal length to be taken after totality begins. Since the light of the corona is highly polarized, the resultant set of photographs will show marked differences in the shape of the corona.
Feibelman, W. A.↗
Some of the mechanisms underlying motion sickness
Some of the mechanisms contributing to the occurrence of motion sickness are discussed. It is stated that the primary factor is a loss of stability in the vestibular system caused by repetitive sensory inputs that are abnormal in terms of the central vestibular patterning encountered. Evidence is presented supporting the opinion that motion sickness is an epiphenomenon superimposed on any responses in the reflex category due to vestibular influences that cross a temporary linkage to reach nonvestibular sites where first-order motion sickness symptoms have their immediate origin.
Graybiel, A.↗
Objective evaluation of cutaneous thermal sensivity
The possibility of obtaining reliable and objective quantitative responses was investigated under conditions where only temperature changes in localized cutaneous areas evoked measurable changes in remote sudomotor activity. Both male and female subjects were studied to evaluate sex difference in thermal sensitivity. The results discussed include: sweat rate responses to contralateral cooling, comparison of sweat rate responses between men and women to contralateral cooling, influence of the menstrual cycle on the sweat rate responses to contralateral cooling, comparison of threshold of sweating responses between men and women, and correlation of latency to threshold for whole body sweating. It is concluded that the quantitative aspects of the reflex response is affected by both the density and activation of receptors as well as the rate of heat loss; men responded 8-10% more frequently than women to thermode cooling, the magnitude of responses being greater for men; and women responded 7-9% more frequently to thermode cooling on day 1 of menstruation, as compared to day 15.
Vanbeaumont, W.↗