Search NASA⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search NASA

Results for “SWITCHGRASS”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 379 records · Page 21
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2014

Translational Genomics for the Improvement of Switchgrass

Our objectives were to apply bioinformatics and high throughput sequencing technologies to identify and classify the genes involved in cell wall formation in maize and switchgrass. Targets for genetic modification were to be identified and cell wall materials isolated and assayed for enhanced performance in bioprocessing. We annotated and assembled over 750 maize genes into gene families predicted to function in cell wall biogenesis. Comparative genomics of maize, rice, and Arabidopsis sequences revealed differences in gene family structure. In addition, differences in expression between gene family members of Arabidopsis, maize and rice underscored the need for a grass-specific genetic model for functional analyses.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2014

Developing County-level Water Footprints of Biofuel Produced from Switchgrass and Miscanthus x Giganteus in the United States

Perennial grass has been proposed as a potential candidate for producing cellulosic biofuel because of its promising productivity and benefits to water quality, and because it is a non-food feedstock. While extensive research focuses on selecting and developing species and conversion technologies, the impact of grass-based biofuel production on water resources remains less clear. As feedstock growth requires water and the type of water consumed may vary considerably from region to region, water use must be characterized with spatial resolution and on a fuel production basis. This report summarizes a study that assesses the impact of biofuel production on water resource use and water quality at county, state, and regional scales by developing a water footprint of biofuel produced from switchgrass and Miscanthus × giganteus via biochemical conversion.

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Ethanol via Lignocellulosic Combustion of Switchgrass, Conversion

This process includes all inputs for the energy conversion for 1 kg of ethanol, based on lignocellulosic combustion of switchgrass. To access the model referenced in the report, please visit https://www.netl.doe.gov/energy-analysis/details?id=866646BE-B4A7-4BB0-A72C-040371B950BB

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Switchgrass Cultivation Assembly, Construction

Assembly process that apportions the construction requirements of equipment used for the cultivation of switchgrass biomass. Equipment includes tractors, tillers, and seeders. To access the model referenced in the report, please visit https://www.netl.doe.gov/energy-analysis/details?id=A12C1B19-F4AF-49BA-A890-F994FF7C6A57

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Switchgrass Cultivation, Operation

This unit process includes operation of farming activities for cultivation of Switchgrass including diesel, fertilizers, herbicides and water use, as well as emissions from diesel combustion, criteria air pollutants, and water emissions. To access the model referenced in the report, please visit https://www.netl.doe.gov/energy-analysis/details?id=71029790-172D-4D2F-BE84-8E47AD195554

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Switchgrass Harvesting & Storage, Operation

This unit process includes operation of farming activities for harvesting & storage of switchgrass including an input of combusted diesel and fugitive dust emissions. To access the model referenced in the report, please visit https://www.netl.doe.gov/energy-analysis/details?id=FF6912C9-547D-47F2-A38F-AFD23874C500

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Switchgrass Land Preparation Assembly, Construction

Assembly process that apportions the construction requirements of equipment used for land preparation for switchgrass. Equipment includes bulldozers and motor graders. To access the model referenced in the report, please visit https://www.netl.doe.gov/energy-analysis/details?id=B8C5A631-87A5-4368-BBB9-AB053D08A751

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Switchgrass, Land Preparation, Operation

Operations for land preparation for switchgrass, including an inputs of combusted diesel and required land area, and outputs of fugitive dust emissions. To access the model referenced in the report, please visit https://www.netl.doe.gov/energy-analysis/details?id=8D8C34A7-BDEB-4782-979D-13DA775944DD

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Switchgrass, Production and Transport

This process includes all inputs for the raw material acquisition and raw material transportation for 1 kg of delivered switchgrass. To access the model referenced in the report, please visit https://www.netl.doe.gov/energy-analysis/details?id=1B15930A-FAA8-4F43-92F0-8078795C3120

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Switchgrass, Production

This process includes all inputs for the raw material acquisition for 1 kg of cultivated and harvested switchgrass. To access the model referenced in the report, please visit https://www.netl.doe.gov/energy-analysis/details?id=0DAF1381-CE94-4836-928D-3A9318E2083B

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2026

Pyrolysis_Molecular_Beam_Mass_Spectrometry_Analysis_of_Specific_Switchgrass_Genotypes

Select natural variant switchgrass genotypes grown in Tifton, GA were analyzed by Pyrolysis-Molecular Beam Mass Spectrometry (Py-MBMS). Biomass was harvested, milled, several genotypes were analyzed with and without being destarched and extracted with ethanol prior to analysis (indicated with -DE if destarched and extracted). Py-MBMS analysis was conducted using approximately 4 mg of biomass and each sample was analyzed in duplicate. A Frontier PY2020 unit pyrolyzed samples at 500°C for 30 s in 80 µL deactivated stainless steel cups. An Extrel Super-Sonic MBMS Model Max 1000 was used to collect mass spectral data fromm/z30 to 450 at 17 eV and processed using Merlin Automation software (V3). Spectral ion intensities were normalized to the total ion chromatogram signal for each sample for analysis of spectral variance. Lignin content (wt %) was estimated based on relative responses from standards of known Klason lignin content using mean-normalized ion intensities ofm/z120, 124 (G), 137 (G), 138 (G), 150 (G), 152, 154 (S), 164 (G), 167 (S), 168 (S), 178 (G), 180, 181, 182 (S), 194 (S), 208 (S) and 210 (S) where G indicates guaiacyl-derived ions, S indicates syringyl-derived ions, and other ions either derive from other lignin monomers or multiple sources. Ratios of S and G lignin monomer units (S/G) were obtained by dividing the sum of S-based ions by the sum of G-based ions using mean-normalized ion intensities.

CBI↗
DOE OSTI2018

Bioconversion of Pelletized Big Bluestem, Switchgrass, and Low-Diversity Grass Mixtures Into Sugars and Bioethanol

Three crops of warm-season grasses are being developed for biomass production on northern rain-fed marginal farmland: big bluestem (BBS), switchgrass (SG), and a low diversity mixture of grasses (LDM). In this study, biomass harvested from established fields were compared for pelletization and subsequent conversion to sugars and ethanol. Each biomass was successfully pelletized to similar bulk densities without adding a binder at a commercial feed operation. Pelletizing increased the bulk density by 407% on average and was equally effective on all three biomass samples (528–554 kg/m 3 ). Chemical analysis of the samples indicated that glucan and xylan contents were slightly reduced during pelletizing (by 23 and 16 g/kg, respectively), as well as theoretical ethanol yields, which are based upon total carbohydrate contents. Pellets and milled straws were pre-treated with either liquid hot-water or low-moisture ammonium hydroxide (LMA) and subsequently hydrolyzed with cellulases. Glucose and total sugar yields were similar for non-pellets and pellets using either pre-treatment; carbohydrates present in pellets were more efficiently recovered compared to non-pellets. LMA pretreated samples were separately hydrolyzed and fermented to ethanol using Scheffersomyces stipitis yeast. Hydrolysis recovered 69.7–76.8% of the glucose and 66.5–73.3% of the xylose across all samples. Glucose yields were 251–279 g/kg, db and were significantly lower for SG as compared to the other biomass samples. Recovered sugars were fermented to ethanol at 77.7–86.7% of theoretical yield. As a result, final ethanol yields (245.9–275.5 L/Mg, db) were similar for all of the grasses and estimated to equate to production levels for BBS, LDM, and SG of 1,952, 2,586, and 2,636 l of ethanol per ha, respectively.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

Photosynthesis and rhizome carbohydrate concentrations of switchgrass grown from reserve-depleted rhizomes

A long-standing question in perennial grass breeding and physiology is whether yield improvement strategies could compromise winter survival. Perennial grasses rely on the pool of carbohydrates accumulated in storage organs from the previous growing season for winter maintenance and spring regrowth. Yield improvement strategies could reduce winter survival if they increase biomass and grain yields at the expense of carbon allocation to storage. Therefore, it is crucial to better understand the dependence of regrowth on storage reserves. We experimentally depleted switchgrass ( Panicum virgatum L.) rhizome reserves by storing rhizomes for two weeks at 5 °C (control treatment) and 25 °C (reserve-depleted treatment).

bioenergy↗