Ligand Control of Oxidation and Crystallographic Disorder in the Isolation of Hexavalent Uranium Mono-Oxo Complexes
Here, the development of high-valent transuranic chemistry requires robust methodologies to access and fully characterize reactive species. We have recently demonstrated that the reducing nature of imidophosphorane ligands supports the two-electron oxidation of U 4+ to U 6+ and established the use of this ligand to evaluate the inverse-trans-influence (ITI) in actinide metal-ligand multiple bond (MLMB) complexes. To extend this methodology and analysis to transuranic complexes, new small-scale synthetic strategies and lower-symmetry ligand derivatives are necessary to improve crys-tallinity and reduce crystallographic disorder. To this end, the synthesis of two new imidophosphorane ligands, [N=P t Bu(pip) 2 ]¯ (NPC 1 ) and [N=P t Bu(pyrr) 2 ]¯ (NPC 2 ) (pip = piperidinyl; pyrr = pyrrolidinyl) is presented, which break pseudo-C 3 axes in the tetravalent complexes, U[NPC 1 ] 4 and U[NPC 2 ] 4 . The reaction of these complexes with two-electron oxygen atom transfer reagents (N 2 O, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and 2,3:5,6-dibenzo-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-2,5-diene (dbabhNO)) yields the U 6+ mono-oxo complexes U(O)[NPC 1 ] 4 and U(O)[NPC 2 ] 4 . This methodology is optimized for direct translation to transuranic elements. Of the two ligands, the NPC 2 framework is most suitable for facilitating detailed bonding analysis and assessment of the ITI. Theoretical evaluation of the U–(NPC) bonding confirms a substantial difference between axially and equatorially-bonded N atoms, revealing mark-edly more covalent U–N ax interactions. The U 6d+5f combined contribution for U–N ax is nearly double that of U–N eq , accounting for ITI shortening and increased bond order of the axial bond. Two distinct N-atom hybridizations in the pyrrolidine/piperidine rings are noted across the complexes, with approximate sp 2 and sp 3 configurations describing the slightly shorter P–N “planar” and slightly longer P–N “pyramidal” bonds, respectively. In all complexes, the NPC 2 ligands feature more planar N atoms than NPC 1 , in accordance with a higher electron-donating capacity of the former.