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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 397 records · Page 22
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS2006

X-Windows Socket Widget Class

The X-Windows Socket Widget Class ("Class" is used here in the object-oriented-programming sense of the word) was devised to simplify the task of implementing network connections for graphical-user-interface (GUI) computer programs. UNIX Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) socket programming libraries require many method calls to configure, operate, and destroy sockets. Most X Windows GUI programs use widget sets or toolkits to facilitate management of complex objects. The widget standards facilitate construction of toolkits and application programs. The X-Windows Socket Widget Class encapsulates UNIX TCP/IP socket-management tasks within the framework of an X Windows widget. Using the widget framework, X Windows GUI programs can treat one or more network socket instances in the same manner as that of other graphical widgets, making it easier to program sockets. Wrapping ISP socket programming libraries inside a widget framework enables a programmer to treat a network interface as though it were a GUI.

Barry, Matthew R.↗
DOE OSTI2022

Moments-based interface reconstruction, remap and advection

We present a new moment-of-fluid (MOF 2 ) interface reconstruction method. It uses the zeroth, first, and second moments of the fragment of material inside a cell of the mesh to reconstruct a convex material polygon or a union of convex polygons that approximate the respective material fragment. The new method requires information about the material moments only for the cell under consideration. Furthermore, the MOF 2 method allows to exactly reproduce several convex shapes: corners, filaments, and some concave shapes: cell-complements to corners and filaments.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
NASA NTRS2006

X-Windows Information Sharing Protocol Widget Class

The X-Windows Information Sharing Protocol (ISP) Widget Class ("Class") is used here in the object-oriented-programming sense of the word) was devised to simplify the task of implementing ISP graphical-user-interface (GUI) computer programs. ISP programming tasks require many method calls to identify, query, and interpret the connections and messages exchanged between a client and an ISP server. Most X-Windows GUI programs use widget sets or toolkits to facilitate management of complex objects. The widget standards facilitate construction of toolkits and application programs. The X-Windows Information Sharing Protocol (ISP) Widget Class encapsulates the client side of the ISP programming libraries within the framework of an X-Windows widget. Using the widget framework, X-Windows GUI programs can interact with ISP services in an abstract way and in the same manner as that of other graphical widgets, making it easier to write ISP GUI client programs. Wrapping ISP client services inside a widget framework enables a programmer to treat an ISP server interface as though it were a GUI. Moreover, an alternate subclass could implement another communication protocol in the same sort of widget.

Barry, Matthew R.↗
NASA NTRS1986

Hardware/Software Expansion of Display Terminal and CPU

IBM PC coupling used to expand capabilities of expensive specialpurpose system. IBM PC was interfaced to Tektronix CP1151 computer through teletype port of Tektronix 4010-1 computer display terminal. Electronic interface built to provide isolation, level shifting, and signal inversion between IBM PC RS-232 port and 4010-1 terminal teletype port. Modifications to 4010-1 terminal made to increase teletype rate from 110 to 9,600 baud. Software for both computers developed to give control of DPO system to IBM PC and provide data/program file exchange between two computers. Coupling demonstrates utilization of low-cost microcomputer hardware and software to expand capabilities of expensive special-purpose computer systems.

Adams, B. R.↗
DOE OSTI2022

Filament Formation in TaO x Thin Films for Memristor Device Application: Modeling Electron Energy Loss Spectra and Electron Transport

Abstract Although understanding filament formation in oxide‐based memristive devices by theory has emerged, there are still fundamental unanswered questions. Importantly, for practical application of thin films the material in its amorphous state is to be considered, but mostly lacking so far, and details on sub‐stoichiometry are also scarce. To gain insight into the optical and electronic properties of sub‐stoichiometric amorphous tantalum oxide (TaO x ), the electron energy loss spectrum (EELS) of model systems is characterized theoretically and electron transport characteristics are analyzed in detail. Calculated blue‐shifts by increasing sub‐stoichiometry explained the measurements, potentially suggesting estimation of oxygen vacancy concentrations through EEL spectra. Electron transport results based on TaO x material models validated by EELS measurements show that oxygen vacancy filamentary paths are initiated at low bias upon increasing sub‐stoichiometry yet noting an interplay with the local amorphous structure. Contact resistances at interfaces of the TaO x switching layer and a tantalum scavenging layer or titanium nitride electrode are quantified, indicating the possibility for either oxygen vacancy‐ or metal cluster‐based conduction mechanisms at the interface. The computational work, combined with experimental characterization for validation, provides a basis for investigating effects of sub‐stoichiometry on filament formation in TaO x thin film memristive devices.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Topology optimization of multiple deformable bodies in contact with large deformations

Previous works in topology optimization of structures with contact boundary conditions have concentrated on the two-dimensional rigid obstacle problem. This is because the contact analysis of multiple three-dimensional deformable bodies with meshes that are non-matching across the contact interface requires computationally complex contact algorithms beyond the scope of previous optimization investigations. Here, our research is devoted to addressing topology design problems with multiple deformable three-dimensional components in contact using state-of-the-art contact algorithms.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2024

PlasmoData.jl — A Julia framework for modeling and analyzing complex data as graphs

Datasets encountered in scientific and engineering applications appear in complex formats (e.g., images, multivariate time series, molecules, video, text strings, networks). Graph theory provides a unifying framework to model such datasets and enables the use of powerful tools that can help analyze, visualize, and extract value from data. In this work, we present PlasmoData.jl, an open-source, Julia framework that uses concepts of graph theory to facilitate the modeling and analysis of complex datasets. The core of our framework is a general data modeling abstraction, which we call a DataGraph. We show how the abstraction and software implementation can be used to represent diverse data objects as graphs and to enable the use of tools from topology, graph theory, and machine learning (e.g., graph neural networks) to conduct a variety of tasks. We illustrate the versatility of the framework by using real datasets: (i) an image classification problem using topological data analysis to extract features from the graph model to train machine learning models; (ii) a disease outbreak problem where we model multivariate time series as graphs to detect abnormal events; and (iii) a technology pathway analysis problem where we highlight how we can use graphs to navigate connectivity. Further, our discussion also highlights how PlasmoData.jl leverages native Julia capabilities to enable compact syntax, scalable computations, and interfaces with diverse packages. Overall, we show that the DataGraph abstraction and PlasmoData.jl Julia package are able to model data within graphs and enable useful analysis.

96 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND PRESERVATION↗
DOE OSTI2025

Numerical assessment of triply periodic minimal surfaces for direct air capture of carbon dioxide

Direct air capture (DAC) systems often consist of packing material wetted by a capture fluid that reacts with CO 2 in the airstream. The efficiency of the contactor is determined by a complex relationship of fluid dynamics, heat and mass transfer, contactor geometry, and chemical properties. The efficiency of the contactor must be balanced with other factors, primarily pressure drop through the system. Triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) are a class of differential surfaces that have been explored in multiple engineering applications and have been shown to exhibit excellent performance when used in heat exchangers. Their tortuous path provides a high surface-to-volume ratio and favorable trade-off between contact area and pressure drop. In this work, a gyroid-type TPMS contactor was evaluated using computational fluid dynamics for a variety of geometric parameters to explore the potential benefit of TPMS shapes for DAC applications. A thin-film model was employed to model the flow and distribution of the capture solvent, allowing efficient simulations of TPMS structures at scale by eliminating the need for a computationally intensive interface capturing method. A liquid-gas mass transfer model was implemented in the commercial software STAR-CCM+ and used to predict the CO 2 capture efficiency and study the trade-off between capture performance and pressure drop through analysis of capture rates, mass transfer coefficients, and other relevant variables. TPMS contactors with a variety of geometric parameters and two capture solvent options were investigated to determine the effect of design choices on the operational performance of DAC systems. In conclusion, results showed that while contactor geometry is the dominant factor in efficiency and pressure drop, the physiochemical properties of the solvent are an important secondary influence on the contactor performance.

CFD↗
DOE OSTI2021

eQuilibrator 3.0: a database solution for thermodynamic constant estimation

Abstract eQuilibrator (equilibrator.weizmann.ac.il) is a database of biochemical equilibrium constants and Gibbs free energies, originally designed as a web-based interface. While the website now counts around 1,000 distinct monthly users, its design could not accommodate larger compound databases and it lacked a scalable Application Programming Interface (API) for integration into other tools developed by the systems biology community. Here, we report on the recent updates to the database as well as the addition of a new Python-based interface to eQuilibrator that adds many new features such as a 100-fold larger compound database, the ability to add novel compounds, improvements in speed and memory use, and correction for Mg2+ ion concentrations. Moreover, the new interface can compute the covariance matrix of the uncertainty between estimates, for which we show the advantages and describe the application in metabolic modelling. We foresee that these improvements will make thermodynamic modelling more accessible and facilitate the integration of eQuilibrator into other software platforms.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

A Scoping Study to Determine the Location-Specific WEC Threshold Size for Wave-Powered AUV Recharging

The aim of this study is to determine the threshold wave energy converter (WEC) type and size to charge a fleet of U.S. Navy autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) in various geographic locations of interest. The U.S. Navy deploys AUVs in locations around the world that must be charged manually, decreasing their operational endurance and creating operational limitations. Ocean waves are a potential power source that can be converted into electricity using a WEC and stored using a battery. It would be beneficial to develop a WEC that could autonomously charge AUVs offshore. Numerous locations were analyzed to determine the minimum size of a WEC capable of providing sufficient charging power and offering a strategic advantage. By predicting the WEC efficiency (based on empirical equations) and wave resource (based on available data), electrical power generation across numerous WEC types and locations was compared in MATLAB. The generalized process developed here could be used to determine the required size and type of WECs to charge a fleet of AUVs in different locations around the world.

16 TIDAL AND WAVE POWER↗
DOE OSTI2022

Computational design of mechanically coupled axle-rotor protein assemblies

Natural molecular machines contain protein components that undergo motion relative to each other. Designing such mechanically constrained nanoscale protein architectures with internal degrees of freedom is an outstanding challenge for computational protein design. Here we explore the de novo construction of protein machinery from designed axle and rotor components with internal cyclic or dihedral symmetry. We find that the axle-rotor systems assemble in vitro and in vivo as designed. Using cryo–electron microscopy, we find that these systems populate conformationally variable relative orientations reflecting the symmetry of the coupled components and the computationally designed interface energy landscape. These mechanical systems with internal degrees of freedom are a step toward the design of genetically encodable nanomachines.

Science & Technology - Other Topics↗
DOE OSTI2025

ASCENT-TRAME BRIDGE

SF-25-116 Bridge for accessing Ascent extracts in a Trame application to create intuitive computational steering interfaces for HPC simulations.

MARRINAN, THOMASJOHN [Argonne National Laboratory ↗
DOE OSTI2023

The Suisun Summit 2022: Emerging Themes and Open Questions in qEEG and Neurotherapies

The Suisun Summit 2022 was a gathering of 70 clinicians, educators, and researchers in quantitative electroencephalography and neurofeedback. During this 5-day event, several themes emerged in talks or discussion groups: EEG/qEEG Reading Skills; Medication Effects and Pharmaco-EEG; Technological Advancements; Emerging Concerns; and Growing Community Prestige through Research. Participants were asked to summarize what they believed to be the most important messages from the event to share with colleagues who were not in attendance, resulting in this review. A unifying concept for all the themes was a desire for higher quality, standardized EEG/qEEG education that provides depth as well as breadth. Models of clinical care that encourage open communication with prescribers and functional medicine specialists were strongly emphasized. Abstracts from all presentations are attached in Addendum B.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
NASA NTRS1975

Low cost computer subsystem for the Solar Electric Propulsion Stage (SEPS)

The Solar Electric Propulsion Stage (SEPS) subsystem which consists of the computer, custom input/output (I/O) unit, and tape recorder for mass storage of telemetry data was studied. Computer software and interface requirements were developed along with computer and I/O unit design parameters. Redundancy implementation was emphasized. Reliability analysis was performed for the complete command computer sybsystem. A SEPS fault tolerant memory breadboard was constructed and its operation demonstrated.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1976

Propulsion system/flight control integration for supersonic aircraft

Digital integrated control systems are studied. Such systems allow minimization of undesirable interactions while maximizing performance at all flight conditions. One such program is the YF-12 cooperative control program. The existing analog air data computer, autothrottle, autopilot, and inlet control systems are converted to digital systems by using a general purpose airborne computer and interface unit. Existing control laws are programed and tested in flight. Integrated control laws, derived using accurate mathematical models of the airplane and propulsion system in conjunction with modern control techniques, are tested in flight. Analysis indicates that an integrated autothrottle autopilot gives good flight path control and that observers are used to replace failed sensors.

Reukauf, P. J.↗