Electroimpulse deicing - Electrodynamic solution by discrete elements
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Bernhart, W. D.↗
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Electrodynamics of solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere interactions
The paper presents a coherent picture of fundamental physical processes in three basic elements of the solar-wind/magnetosphere/ionosphere coupling system: (1) the field-aligned potential structure which leads to the formation of auroral arcs, (2) the magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling which leads to the onset of magnetospheric substorms, and (3) the solar-wind/magnetosphere dynamo which supplies the power driving various magnetospheric processes. Process (1) is forced into existence by the loss-cone constriction effect when the upward field-aligned current density exceeds the loss-cone thermal flux limit. Substorm onset occurs when the ionosphere responds fully to the enhanced magnetospheric convection driven by the solar wind. Energy is transferred from the solar wind to the magnetosphere by a dynamo process, primarily on open field lines.
Kan, Joseph R.↗
A numerical model of electrodynamics of plasma within the contaminant gas cloud of the Space Shuttle Orbiter at low earth orbit
A two-dimensional cloud was used to study the plasma dynamics within the outgas cloud associated with the Orbiter. It is shown that the polarization field is not symmetric about the direction of motion of the outgas cloud. It rotates in a way that can be predicted in simple cases by the ratio of the Hall and Pederson currents within the outgas cloud. The polarization field magnitude produced in the model was not large.
Eccles, J. Vincent↗
Review of electrodynamic tethers for space plasma science
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Banks, Peter M.↗
An apparatus for the electrodynamic containment of charged macroparticles
The dynamic moition of the ions contained in the trapped (199)Hg+ frequency standard contributes to the stability of the standard. In order to study these dynamics, a macroscopic analog of the (199)Hg+ trap is constructed. Containment of micron-sized particles in this trap allows direct visual observation of the particles' motion. Influenced by the confining fields and their own Coulomb repulsion, the particles can form stable arrays.
Williams, A.↗
Electrodynamic properties of auroral surges
Data from measurements made during five auroral surges in 1980 and 1981 by the Chatanika radar, ground-based magnetometers, and all-sky cameras and instruments aboard the DE satellites are presented. The combined data sets yielded information about the auroral forms, electric fields, and currents that were associated with these surges. A model was developed that simulates the observed changes in electric field and precipitation that accompany auroral surges.
Robinson, R. M.↗
Electrodynamics of the Maxwell-Lorentz type in the ten-dimensional space of the testing of special relativity - A case for Finsler type connections
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Vargas, Jose G.↗
Electrodynamic response of the middle atmosphere to auroral pulsations
The MAC/EPSILON observational campaign encompassed the use of two Nike Orion rocket payloads which studied the effects of auroral energetics on the middle atmosphere. While one payload was launched during the recovery phase of a moderate magnetic substorm, during fairly stable auroral conditions, the other was launched during highly active postbreakup conditions during which Pc5 pulsations were in progress. The energetic radiation of the first event was composed almost entirely of relativistic electrons below 200 keV, while that of the second was dominated by much softer electrons whose high X-ray fluxes exceeded the cosmic ray background as an ionizing source down to below 30 km.
Goldberg, R. A.↗
Energy dissipation in structured electrodynamic environments
It is usually assumed that the profile of the ion Pedersen conductivity determines the altitude dependence of the energy dissipation rate This paper points out the strong altitude dependence of the energy dissipation rate on the spatial scale size of the imposed electric field. To illustrate the importance of such considerations, examples of the ubiquity to electric field structure in the high-latitude ionosphere are shown; this is particularly prominent when the interplanetary magnetic field has a northward component. It is then shown quantitatively how the existence of electric field structure with scale sizes of 10 km or less strongly impacts both the altitude extent over which the electromagnetic energy is dissipated and its partitioning between current systems perpendicular and parallel to the magnetic field.
Heelis, R. A.↗
A case study of the cusp electrodynamics by the Aureol-3 satellite - Evidence for FTE signatures?
Particle and field data from a pass of the Aureol-3 satellite through the polar cusp, several minutes after the southward turning of the IMF, are analyzed in detail. Superposed on the classical cusp, characterized by the typical ion and electron precipitations, several very narrow arcs are detected where large fluxes of electrons and ions, accelerated to 2-4 keV, precipitate simultaneously. These localized arcs correspond to the upward current sheets of a succession in latitude of narrow, alternatively upward and downward field-aligned current sheets. The data suggest that the satellite has crossed the ionospheric footprints of 2 adjacent flux transfer events separated by 100-150 km in latitude. Electric spikes and electromagnetic turbulence are typically associated with the region of downward currents.
Bosqued, Jean M.↗
Change in the coil distribution of electrodynamic suspension system
At the Miyazaki Maglev Test Center, the initial test runs were completed using a system design that required the superconducting coils to be parallel with the ground levitation coils. Recently, the coil distribution was changed to a system such that the two types of coils were perpendicular to each other. Further system changes will lead to the construction of a side wall levitation system. It is hoped that the development will culminate in a system whereby a superconducting coil will maintain all the functions: levitation, propulsion, and guidance.
Tanaka, Hisashi↗
Stratospheric electrodynamics from superpressure balloons - A technical challenge for small payload environments
The state-of-the-art in stratospheric balloon-borne vector electric field measurements, from its origins to the present is reviewed. Consideration is given to the Extended Life Balloon-Borne Observatories program that utilizes an extensively modified payload and dual telemetry systems to improve the measurements and increase the data rates.
Holzworth, R. H.↗
Low latitude electrodynamic plasma drifts - A review
The characteristics and driving mechanisms of low latitude ExB plasma drifts and electric fields particularly at F-region heights are reviewed. It is concluded that the general characteristics of the quiet-time plasma can be explained as resulting from E- and F-region dynamo and interhemispheric coupling processes. The disturbance dynamo effects are found to be responsible for the drift perturbations following the periods of enhanced magnetic activity. The prompt penetration of high-latitude electric fields to lower latitudes produces large perturbations on the upward/poleward drifts, but has no significant effect on the low-latitude and the equatorial zonal drifts. Detailed low-latitude and global numerical models for studying the characteristics of plasma drifts are capable of reproducing the latitudinal variation of the perturbation electric fields and their diurnal variations.
Fejer, B. G.↗
Theory of plasma contactor neutral gas emissions for electrodynamic tethers
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Samanta Roy, R. I.↗
Small-scale electrodynamics of the cusp with northward interplanetary magnetic field
Possible low-altitude field signatures of merging occurring at high latitudes during a period of strong northward directed interplanetary magnetic field are reported. Large electric and magnetic field spikes detected at the poleward edge of the magnetosheathlike particle precipitation are interpreted as field signatures of the low-altitude footprint of such merging line locations. A train of phase-shifted, almost linearly polarized electric and magnetic field fluctuations was detected just equatorward of the large electromagnetic spike. It is argued that these may be due to either ion cyclotron waves excited by penetrating magnetosheath ions or transient oscillations in the frame of convecting plasma, brought about by the sudden change in the flow at the magnetospheric end of the field line.
Basinska, Ewa M.↗
Homogeneous quantum electrodynamic turbulence
The electromagnetic field equations and Dirac equations for oppositely charged wave functions are numerically time-integrated using a spatial Fourier method. The numerical approach used, a spectral transform technique, is based on a continuum representation of physical space. The coupled classical field equations contain a dimensionless parameter which sets the strength of the nonlinear interaction (as the parameter increases, interaction volume decreases). For a parameter value of unity, highly nonlinear behavior in the time-evolution of an individual wave function, analogous to ideal fluid turbulence, is observed. In the truncated Fourier representation which is numerically implemented here, the quantum turbulence is homogeneous but anisotropic and manifests itself in the nonlinear evolution of equilibrium modal spatial spectra for the probability density of each particle and also for the electromagnetic energy density. The results show that nonlinearly interacting fermionic wave functions quickly approach a multi-mode, dynamic equilibrium state, and that this state can be determined by numerical means.
Shebalin, John V.↗
The electrodynamic and hydrodynamic phenomena in magnetically-levitated molten droplets. I - Steady state behavior
A mathematical formulation is given and computed results are presented describing the behavior of electromagnetically-levitated metal droplets under the conditions of microgravity. In the formulation the electromagnetic force field is calculated using a modification of the volume integral method and these results are then combined with the FIDAP code to calculate the steady state melt velocities. The specific computational results are presented for the conditions corresponding to the planned IML-2 Space Shuttle experiment, using the TEMPUS device, which has separate 'heating' and 'positioning' coils. While the computed results are necessarily specific to the input conditions, some general conclusions may be drawn from this work. These include the fact that for the planned TEMPUS experiments to positioning coils will produce only a weak melt circulation, while the heating coils are like to produce a mildly turbulent recirculating flow pattern within the samples. The computed results also allow us to assess the effect of sample size, material properties and the applied current on these phenomena.
Zong, Jin-Ho↗
The electrodynamics of charged dust in the cometary environment
Dust in the plasma and radiative environment of a comet is necessarily electrically charged. This charging has both physical and dynamical effects on the dust, being particularly important on the smallest particles observed in the dust size spectrum. In this paper, these dynamical effects are reviewed and the pertinent observations are discussed.
Horanyi, M.↗