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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 397 records · Page 22
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1974

Scientific and economic potential of the SEASAT Program

The SEASAT satellite system is planned as a user-oriented system for timely monitoring of global ocean dynamics and mapping the global ocean geoid. The satellite instrumentation and modular concept are discussed. Operational data capabilities will include oceanographic data services, direct satellite read-out to users, and conversational retrieval and analysis of stored data. A case-study technique, generalized through physical and econometric modeling, indicates potential economic benefit from SEASAT to users in the following areas: ship routing, iceberg reconnaissance, arctic operations, Alaska pipeline ship link, and off-shore oil production.

Mccandless, S. W.↗
NASA NTRS1977

The Pioneer Venus program

Mission timetables, spacecraft, scientific objectives, and payloads of the two mission, Orbiter and Multiprobe, planned for launch and encounter with Venus during the 1978 Venus mission opportunity are described. Basically, the Orbiter mission has the goal of global mapping of the clouds, atmosphere and ionosphere of Venus by remote sensing and radio occultation, global studies by in situ measurements of the upper atmosphere and ionosphere and solar wind-ionosphere interaction region, and determination of gravitational field harmonics from perturbations of the spacecraft orbit. The Multiprobe mission will study the nature and composition of the clouds, the structure of the atmosphere, the circulation pattern, and the characteristics of the planetary environmental interaction with the solar wind.

Colin, L.↗
NASA NTRS2001

Scientific Analysis of Data for the ISTP/SOLARMAX Programs

This Grant supplemented our work on data analysis from the Wind spacecraft which was one of the ISTRIA fleet of spacecraft. It was targeted at observations related to the time of solar maximum in 2000. The work we proposed to do under this grant included comparison of solar wind parameters obtained from different spacecraft in order to establish correlation lengths appropriate to the solar wind and also to compare parameters to explore solar cycle effects.

Lazarus, Alan J.↗
NASA NTRS2010

History of the Animal Care Program at Johnson Space Center

NASA has a rich history of scientific research that has been conducted throughout our numerous manned spaceflight programs. This scientific research has included animal test subjects participating in various spaceflight missions, including most recently, Space Shuttle mission STS-131. The Animal Care Program at Johnson Space Center (JSC) in Houston, Texas is multi-faceted and unique in scope compared to other centers within the agency. The animal care program at JSC has evolved from strictly research to include a Longhorn facility and the Houston Zoo's Attwater Prairie Chicken refuge, which is used to help repopulate this endangered species. JSC is home to more than 300 species of animals including home of hundreds of white-tailed deer that roam freely throughout the center which pose unique issues in regards to population control and safety of NASA workers, visitors and tourists. We will give a broad overview of our day to day operations, animal research, community outreach and protection of animals at NASA Johnson Space Center.

Khan-Mayberry, Noreen↗
NASA NTRS1980

Heat Capacity Mapping Mission (HCMM) Notification Efforts

To encourage wide use of the Heat Capacity Mapping Mission (HCMM) data, especially among the scientific community, special notifications were prepared to inform them about the data's availability, its form, and the procedures for obtaining them. To achieve the widest distribution to the primary audiences of interest, mailings were made to scientists associated with the OSTA Resource Observation Division programs and to scientific and professional societies and journals. Accompanying the notifications to the societies and journals were samples of the HCMM imagery and a description of the image's predominant characteristics. A follow-up survey was completed to determine the effectiveness of the HCMM notifications.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1991

Selling the Space Telescope - The interpenetration of science, technology, and politics

Attention is given to the politics of initiating the Space Telescope program and to the manner in which the coalition, or working consensus, for the Telescope was assembled, in particular, the role played by astronomers. It is contended that what ensued was a case study in the influence of government patronage on a large-scale scientific and technological program. It is concluded that while a politically feasible Space Telescope did result, in the selling process the Telescope had been both oversold and underfunded.

Smith, Robert W.↗
NASA NTRS1993

NASA STI Program Coordinating Council Eleventh Meeting: NASA STI Modernization Plan

The theme of this NASA Scientific and Technical Information Program Coordinating Council Meeting was the modernization of the STI Program. Topics covered included the activities of the Engineering Review Board in the creation of the Infrastructure Upgrade Plan, the progress of the RECON Replacement Project, the use and status of Electronic SCAN (Selected Current Aerospace Notices), the Machine Translation Project, multimedia, electronic document interchange, the NASA Access Mechanism, computer network upgrades, and standards in the architectural effort.

Source record↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Horizontally Integrated Informatics to Support Science Operations in Human Spaceflight

Many systems will be designed and developed for the Artemis program. A subset of these systems will be relevant to scientific activities conducted during the program, but it is important to consider that these scientific activities will be conducted within the context of the larger program. Thinking about the program data holistically, and deliberately structuring its data products in a way that preserves the data’s mission context will enable new opportunities for real-time science support, and long-term analysis of the mission and its data for generations to come (see [1] for an example). Here, we show that horizontally integrated mission data products are valuable by describing the SSERVI RISE2 field program. Temporally contextualized data introduces relationships that do not need to be predefined. One field that greatly benefits from freeform relationship building between disparate datasets is anomaly investigation, where investigators need to follow lines of evidence that may not be a priori apparent. Building relationships between data enables accident investigators to react faster to time-sensitive incidents during EVA operation and other critical human spaceflight activities. Another advantage is the long-term data preservation that enables unplanned or yet-to-be conceived applications or study of this data many years in the future. As Artemis activities become more defined, having a horizontally integrated data management plan will be paramount to ensuring successful mission context is captured for generations to come.

B F Feist↗
DOE OSTI2026

The Dark Energy Bedrock All-sky Supernova Program: Motivation, Design, Implementation, and Preliminary Data Release

Precise measurements of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) at low redshifts (z) serve as one of the most viable keys to unlocking our understanding of cosmic expansion, isotropy, and growth of structure. The Dark Energy Bedrock All-Sky Supernovae (DEBASS) program will deliver a uniformly calibrated low-z dataset of more than 400 spectroscopically confirmed SNe Ia in the Southern Hemisphere. DEBASS utilizes the Dark Energy Camera to image supernovae in conjunction with the Wide-Field Spectrograph to gather comprehensive host-galaxy information. By using the same photometric instrument as both the Dark Energy Survey (DES) and the DECam Local Volume Exploration Survey, DEBASS not only benefits from a robust photometric pipeline and well-calibrated images across the Southern sky, but can replace the historic and external low-z samples that were used in the final DES supernova analysis. In this paper, along with a companion paper, we present an early data release of 77 DEBASS SNe within the DES footprint. We introduce the DEBASS program, discuss its scientific goals and the advantages it offers for supernova cosmology, and present our initial results demonstrating data quality. With this early data release, we find a robust median absolute standard deviation of Hubble diagram residuals of ∼0.10 mag and an initial measurement of the host-galaxy mass step of 0.06 ± 0.04 mag, both before performing bias corrections. This low scatter shows the promise of a low-z SN Ia program with a well-calibrated telescope and high signal-to-noise ratio across multiple bands.

Sherman, Nora F. [Boston U.] (ORCID:00000001539901↗
NASA NTRS2005

Basic Questions About the Solar System: The Need for Probes

Probes are an essential element in the scientific study of planets with atmospheres. In-situ measurements provide the most accurate determination of composition, winds, temperatures, clouds, and radiative fluxes. They address fundamental NASA objectives concerning volatile compounds, climate, and the origin of life. Probes also deliver landers and aerobots that help in the study of planetary surfaces. This talk focuses on Venus, Titan, and the giant planets. I review the basic science questions and discuss the recommended missions. I stress the need for a balanced program that includes an array of missions that increase in size by factors of two. Gaps in this array lead to failures and cancellations that are harmful to the program and to scientific exploration.

Ingersoll, Andrew P.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Commercialization of materials processing in space

The primary motivation of the Materials Processing in Space program is the scientific and commercial utilization of the effects of the unique environments of space on material processes. The reduction or elimination of the pervasive influences of gravity on Earth-based process mechanisms affords opportunities for understanding and improving ground-based processing or producing select materials in space which, typically, would be of low volume, high value commercial interest. Additionally, the unlimited, if not 'hard' vacuum of space affords equally interesting influences on material processes. To evolve the commercialization of Materials Processing in Space, the program seeks to establish and demonstrate the scientific/technological precepts for analyzing and using the space environment and, in parallel, to establish the legal and management mechanisms to implement commercial ventures.

Zoller, L. K.↗
NASA NTRS2010

Constraints and Opportunities in GCM Model Development

Over the past 30 years climate models have evolved from relatively simple representations of a few atmospheric processes to complex multi-disciplinary system models which incorporate physics from bottom of the ocean to the mesopause and are used for seasonal to multi-million year timescales. Computer infrastructure over that period has gone from punchcard mainframes to modern parallel clusters. Constraints of working within an ever evolving research code mean that most software changes must be incremental so as not to disrupt scientific throughput. Unfortunately, programming methodologies have generally not kept pace with these challenges, and existing implementations now present a heavy and growing burden on further model development as well as limiting flexibility and reliability. Opportunely, advances in software engineering from other disciplines (e.g. the commercial software industry) as well as new generations of powerful development tools can be incorporated by the model developers to incrementally and systematically improve underlying implementations and reverse the long term trend of increasing development overhead. However, these methodologies cannot be applied blindly, but rather must be carefully tailored to the unique characteristics of scientific software development. We will discuss the need for close integration of software engineers and climate scientists to find the optimal processes for climate modeling.

Schmidt, Gavin↗
NASA NTRS1998

NASA's Current Earth Science Program

NASA's Earth science program is a scientific endeavor whose goal is to provide long-term understanding of the Earth as an integrated system of land, water, air and life. A highly developed scientific knowledge of the Earth system is necessary to understand how the environment affects humanity, and how humanity may be affecting the environment. The remote sensing technologies used to gather the global environmental data used in such research also have numerous practical applications. Current applications of remote sensing data demonstrate their practical benefits in areas such as the monitoring of crop conditions and yields, natural disasters and forest fires; hazardous waste clean up; and tracking of vector-borne diseases. The long-term availability of environmental data is essential for the continuity of important research and applications efforts. NASA's Earth observation program has undergone many changes in the recent past.

Charles, Leslie Bermann↗
NASA NTRS1992

Planetary geosciences, 1989-1990

NASA's Planetary Geosciences Programs (the Planetary Geology and Geophysics and the Planetary Material and Geochemistry Programs) provide support and an organizational framework for scientific research on solid bodies of the solar system. These research and analysis programs support scientific research aimed at increasing our understanding of the physical, chemical, and dynamic nature of the solid bodies of the solar system: the Moon, the terrestrial planets, the satellites of the outer planets, the rings, the asteroids, and the comets. This research is conducted using a variety of methods: laboratory experiments, theoretical approaches, data analysis, and Earth analog techniques. Through research supported by these programs, we are expanding our understanding of the origin and evolution of the solar system. This document is intended to provide an overview of the more significant scientific findings and discoveries made this year by scientists supported by the Planetary Geosciences Program. To a large degree, these results and discoveries are the measure of success of the programs.

Zuber, Maria T.↗
NASA NTRS1998

Resource Utilization and Site Selection for a Self-Sufficient Martian Outpost

As a planet with striking similarities to Earth, Mars is an important focus for scientific research aimed at understanding the processes of planetary evolution and the formation of our solar system. Fortunately, Mars is also a planet with abundant natural resources, including assessible materials that can be used to support human life and to sustain a self-sufficient martian outpost. Resources required include water, breathable air, food, shelter, energy, and fuel. Through a mission design based on in situ resource development, we can establish a permanent outpost on Mars beginning with the first manned mission. This paper examines the potential for supporting the first manned mission with the objective of achieving self-sufficiency through well-understood resource development and a program of rigorous scientific research aimed at extending that capability. We examine the potential for initially extracting critical resources from the martian environment, and discuss the scientific investigations required to identify additional resources in the atmosphere, on the surface, and within the subsurface. We also discuss our current state of knowledge of Mars, technical considerations of resource utilization, and using unmanned missions' data for selecting an optimal site. The primary goal of achieving self-sufficiency on Mars would accelerate the development of human colonization beyond Earth, while providing a robust and permanent martian base from which humans can explore and conduct long-term research on planetary evolution, the solar system, and life itself.

Barker, Donald↗
DOE OSTI2025

FY24 Laboratory Directed Research and Development Annual Report

The Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program yields foundational scientific research and development (R&D) essential to growing SRNL’s core competencies, in alignment with SRNL’s Strategic Plan to provide long-term benefits to the Department of Energy (DOE), the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), and other customers and stakeholders. Five strategic goals are outlined in SRNL’s strategic plan: 1) Provide applied science and engineering for EM’s active clean-up sites and LM’s post closure management sites 2) Provide science-based solutions for gaps identified in nonproliferation strategic vision and support the government in activities impacting national security 3) Lead Science, Technology & Engineering as the central technical authority for processing tritium loaded reservoirs and support production of plutonium pits 4) Align science and energy security programs by focusing modern modeling, simulation, and data analytics tools on materials engineering and performance applications 5) Build a workforce for the future

Clark, Sue [Savannah River National Laboratory (SR↗
NASA NTRS1987

Lunar base objectives and open questions

The basic characteristics of the NASA program for establishing a lunar base are described and examined. The scientific objectives of the program are the planetological investigation of the moon and the use of the moon as a base for astronomical observations. It is argued that the development of a lunar base will assist in the advancement of science, the development of lunar resources to support space activities, and the development of a permanently, self-supported human colony away from the earth. The technological and operational capabilities needed in order to establish a lunar base are discussed.

Duke, Michael B.↗
NASA NTRS1994

Space simulation techniques and facilities for SAX STM test campaign

SAX is a satellite for X-Ray astronomy. It is a major element of the overall basic Science Program of the Italian Space Agency (ASI) and is being developed with the contribution of the Netherlands Agency for Aerospace Programs (NIVR). The scientific objectives of SAX are to carry out systematic and comprehensive observations of celestial X-Ray sources over the 0.1 - 300 KeV energy range with special emphasis on spectral and timing measurements. The satellite will also monitor the X-Ray sky to investigate long-term source variability and to permit localization and study of X-Ray transients. Alenia Spazio is developing the satellite that is intended for launch in the second half of 1995 in a low, near-equatorial Earth orbit. At system level a Structural Thermal Model (STM) has been conceived to verify the environmental requirements by validating the mechanical and thermal analytical models and qualifying satellite structure and thermal control. In particular, the following tests have been carried out in Alenia Spazio, CEA/CESTA and ESTEC facilities: Modal Survey, Centrifuge, Acoustic, Sinusoidal/Random Vibration and Thermal Balance. The paper, after a short introduction of the SAX satellite, summarizes the environmental qualification program performed on the SAX STM. It presents test objectives, methodologies and relevant test configurations. Peculiar aspects of the test campaign are highlighted. Problems encountered and solutions adopted in performing the tests are described as well. Furthermore, test results are presented and assessed.

Giordano, Pietro↗