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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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DOE OSTI2022

Resilience Metrics for Building-Level Electrical Distribution Systems with Energy Storage

The energy system infrastructure that delivers power to a building's loads needs to be resilient to withstand and recover from extreme outages (e.g., grid faults that leave millions of people without power during severe weather events). Building-level electrical distribution systems (BEDSs) distribute power from a building's energy sources - including the grid, solar photovoltaic (PV) panels, and batteries - to its loads, including lighting, HVAC, and plug loads. BEDS with storage can provide resilience by distributing local electricity supply to critical loads during an outage. Quantitative metrics are needed to assess the resilience improvements associated with new BEDS and storage system technologies. In this paper, we apply an existing metric, the probability of outage survival curve (POSC), to BEDS with storage and propose novel metrics that improve upon POSC. Through a simulation-based case study, we demonstrate how these metrics are impacted by the BEDS design and how they can be used to design a resilient system.

buildings↗

DOE OSTI2024

Foreword: Special Section on Multiphysics Aspects of Power Electronics Packaging - Power Die, Power Module, and Converter Level - Part 1

Power electronics are increasingly being used to condition electricity for a wide array of applications, such as transportation (on land, air, and water), data centers, radio frequency, directed energy, wind, solar, and grid-tied applications. To increase power density, performance, efficiency, and reliability and reduce cost, innovations and developments are needed in the multiphysics packaging of power electronics at a die, module, and converter level. This includes fundamental research and development related to emerging high-voltage, high-temperature, and high-switching-frequency power electronics; packaging materials; thermal materials and interfaces; fluid-based thermal management technologies; reliability; condition monitoring; and prognostics. To address these important aspects, this Special Section on Multiphysics Aspects of Power Electronics Packaging includes several articles to be published in two parts. More details are given below on the articles included in the first part.

condition monitoring↗

DOE OSTI2021

Characterizing manufacturing wastewater in the United States for the purpose of analyzing energy requirements for reuse

This paper seeks to inform an improved understanding of the energy tradeoff associated with on-site manufacturing water reuse in the United States from a lifecycle perspective, in part by developing an analytical framework for understanding when this tradeoff for reuse is beneficial. We survey the literature to assess the current state of reuse and its motives and barriers in the United States, before synthesizing information from publicly available EPA data on contaminants in US manufacturing wastewaters and technologies for treating them. Using the available data, we derive a set of “ubiquitous contaminants” among the top ten in terms of mass discharged in more than half of US manufacturing subsectors (NAICS 31–33) according to EPA permit data. We also present information on proven treatment trains and their energy requirements. We then compare water quality requirements for specific contaminants in reclaimed water to those characteristic of wastewater streams currently being discharged from manufacturing plants into surface waters to highlight sectors with reuse opportunities that could require little cost to realize, such as primary metals and, to a lesser extent, petroleum and coal products. We conclude by highlighting data limitations that need to be rectified before applying the framework more broadly and discussing how these data gaps could be filled. Better understanding the relationship between energy and water in the context of on-site manufacturing water reuse would allow manufacturers to improve resiliency by reducing regulatory, physical, and reputational risks while lessening their footprint on local watersheds.

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DOE OSTI2023

Performance Evaluation and Optimal Design Analysis of Continuous-Operation Solar-Driven Cooling Absorption Systems With Thermal Energy Storage

A solar absorption cooling system consisting of a flat plate collector, thermal energy storage tank, and absorption chiller is analyzed in this work. A dimensionless model is developed from the energy balance on each component and the chiller's characteristic performance curves. The model is used to determine the interaction and influence of different parameters such as tank size, solar collector area, chiller size, cooling load, cooling temperature, heat loss, and mass flow rates on the performance. From the analysis, smaller solar collector areas are required for lower cooling loads and smaller tank volumes. A specific cooling load of 1 x 10^-5 will require a specific solar collector area between two and six times larger, depending on the initial tank temperature, than the area required for a baseline system that considers typical commercial design and operation parameters. A similar behavior was observed for the specific tank volume. For the baseline system, the minimum specific area of the collector of 9.57 is achieved for an initial tank temperature of 1.19. For a cooling load of 1 x 10^-5, the optimum initial tank temperature will be 1.11 that results in a minimum specific solar collector area of 25.26. A specific tank volume of 4 x 10^-4 will also have an optimum initial tank temperature of 1.11 that minimizes the specific solar collector area to a value of 28.18. The approach and analysis in this work can be used to determine design parameters for solar absorption cooling systems based on a proper relation among system's dimensions to achieve optimum operation.

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DOE OSTI2026

Energy Storage Cost and Performance Database

In support of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Energy Storage Grand Challenge, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is applying its rich history of battery research and development to provide the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and industry with a guide to current energy storage costs and performance metrics for various technologies. Cost and performance metrics for individual technologies track the following to provide an overall cost of ownership for each technology: cost to procure, install, and connect an energy storage system; associated operational and maintenance costs; and end-of-life costs. These metrics are intended to support DOE and industry stakeholders in making sound decisions about future R&D directions and priorities that move the United States closer to its goal of energy independence. The technologies currently being evaluated are lithium-ion [lithium iron phosphate (LFP) and nickel manganese cobalt (NMC)] batteries, vanadium redox flow batteries, lead-acid batteries, zinc-based batteries, hydrogen energy storage, pumped storage hydropower, gravitational energy storage, compressed air energy storage, and thermal energy storage.

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DOE OSTI2026

Honda Smart Home - Davis, CA

The Honda Smart Home demonstrates zero-carbon living and transportation capacity.

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DOE OSTI2026

High-Fidelity Building Emulator

This dataset provides high-fidelity time series data for an emulated commercial office building sited in the Chicago, IL area during a Typical Meteorological Year (TMY). This dataset consists of air-side HVAC measurements and control inputs, and it includes normal operations as well as various implemented faults (with associated ground truth measurements) implemented on selected days. This data could be used to quantify and compare the impacts of different faults, and it could also be used as training or validation data for machine learning algorithms (e.g., reduced-order modelling, fault detection and diagnosis).

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DOE OSTI2026

NREL/Habitat for Humanity, Wheat Ridge, CO

Habitat for Humanity Zero Energy Home (ZEH) provided 15 years of continuous monitoring for single family house with various energy features.

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DOE OSTI2026

Lab Homes

This dataset includes processed data from the Lab Homes (LH) Test Facility located on the PNNL campus in Richland, WA. This a set of 2 identical homes that allow for the side-by-side comparison/performance evaluation of different technologies under the same weather at any given time. The dataset spans December 6, 2021 to December 27, 2021 and represents a series of tests performed; calibration, set-point excitation, pre-heating, free-floating and warm up. The measurements correspond to whole building electrical power, HVAC energy use, water heating, appliances and lighting, as well as space temperatures, space humidity, window glass surface temperatures, through glass solar radiation, and meterological data from an onsite meteorological weather station. In addition to the measurements, a metadata .json file, a .ttl file to visualize the data as per BRICK schema, and a detailed .pdf description of the dataset are also provided.

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DOE OSTI2020

SMART Mobility. Urban Science Capstone Report

The U.S. Department of Energy’s Systems and Modeling for Accelerated Research in Transportation (SMART) Mobility Consortium is a multiyear, multi-laboratory collaborative, managed by the Energy Efficient Mobility Systems Program of the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technologies Office, dedicated to further understanding the energy implications and opportunities of advanced mobility technologies and services. The Urban Science (US) Pillar focuses on maximum-mobility and minimum-energy opportunities associated with emerging transportation and transportation-related technologies specifically within the urban context. Such technologies, often referred to as automated, connected, efficient (or electrified), and shared (ACES), have the potential to greatly improve mobility and related quality of life in urban areas. Although all the SMART Mobility research pillars share some commonalities, Urban Science strives to model, analyze, and gain insights from the perspective of human settlements (the “city”) as a living organism. This is especially critical as the United States is one of the most urbanized countries, and as more and more of the global population migrates to urban areas.1 The urban mobility system consists of a complex network that reaches well beyond roads and vehicles and includes significant investments in public transit, private mobility services (such as taxis and transportation network companies, or TNCs), significant parking reserves, and curb management practices, not to mention the abundance of emerging on-demand micromobility services for the movement of people and goods such as e-bikes and scooters, which make the urban space a dynamic laboratory for mobility. Urban spaces also concentrate employment, markets, services, and attractions, which are the destinations for most trips. The concentration of human activities and ensuing density also creates the need and emphasis for space efficiency in urban environments, which is often less of a constraint in suburban or rural contexts. This mixture of transportation and mobility infrastructure and practice, combined with global urbanization trends, make urban spaces a critical focus of research for developing energy-efficient mobility systems (EEMS).

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DOE OSTI2020

SMART Mobility. Modeling Workflow Development, Implementation, and Results Capstone Report

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DOE OSTI2020

Adoption of Light-Emitting Diodes in Common Lighting Applications

The 2020 edition of a report which models the current state of the U.S. general-lighting market and provides analysis on realized and potential energy- and money-saving benefits associated with LED lamps and luminaires.

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DOE OSTI2020

Developing Subgrantee Administrative Training for the Weatherization Assistance Program

During Fiscal Years (FY) 2019 and 2020, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) developed a series of online trainings for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP) to support Subgrantee administrative professionals. NREL and its subcontractor developed a series of online administrative trainings for WAP Subgrantees. In total, 29 administrative training courses were developed for WAP Subgrantees, focused on the following job roles: Weatherization Director, Fiscal Manage, Quality Assurance Manager. As of September 8, 2020, 2,840 users in nearly all WAP Grantee jurisdictions had registered with the learning management system and completed over 23,000 courses. This report provides a summary of the development process, rollout, and outreach to the WAP network, user response, and lessons learned.

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DOE OSTI2020

Action Plan Template: Clean Energy for Low Income Communities Accelerator

This document is provided as a planning tool for partners in the Clean Energy for Low Income Communities Accelerator (CELICA). Many partners will publish objectives, strategies, and proposed actions through more extensive reports or official recommendations. Others may choose to use an internal strategy document such as the CELICA Action Plan template to help guide progress.

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DOE OSTI2020

Partner Baseline Assessment Guide: Clean Energy for Low Income Communities

The U.S. Department of Energy Better Buildings Clean Energy for Low Income Communities Accelerator aims to lower energy bills in low to moderate income communities through expanded installation of energy efficiency and distributed renewables. Upon joining the Accelerator, partners committed to developing Action Plans after a year. As shown in the diagram below, baselining is a useful approach to informing your planning efforts, and should involve input from a broad range of stakeholders. The following guide was developed by DOE to assist partners with baselining, and identifying needs and gaps to address in action plans.

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DOE OSTI2021

Pala Energy Options Analysis (Final Report)

The Pala Energy Options Project scope focused on assessing electric and thermal energy related options for the Pala Band of Mission Indians. Although the assessment also considered options for transportation fuels – including potential for electrification – and other energy uses, initial reviews with PED staff indicated that the most practical and substantial options likely would involve serving current building electric and thermal energy resources and uses. Assessment scope varies by specific options considered; some merited in-depth assessment for immediate action to initiate or advance implementation, while higher level assessments were more appropriate for options that would take longer to implement and would require updated in-depth assessments during project planning and design phases. The primary objectives of the Project were to 1) identify energy resources/loads, 2) assess energy needs and exports, 3) investigate and evaluate supply-side and demand side energy options, and 4) select and prioritize options in an implementation plan.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗

DOE OSTI2021

Blueprint for Integrating Grid-Interactive Efficient Building (GEB) Technologies into U.S. General Services Administration Performance Contracts

This document provides recommended strategies for increasing implementation of grid-interactive efficient building (GEB) measures in federal performance contracts. This document outlines distributed energy resource screening processes, contractual considerations for GEB technologies within performance contracts, and guidance for integration of GEB analysis procedures and technologies into each phase of a performance contract.

ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION,↗

DOE OSTI2021

Achieving Energy Savings in Small- and Medium-Sized Public Facilities: A Strategic Approach to Prioritizing and Financing

This resource is for state, local government, and K-12 school staff managing small- and medium-sized facilities. Readers will learn to address the unique challenges of smaller energy-saving projects and make informed decisions about financing. Section 1 provides tools for obtaining the information required to prioritize potential energy upgrades. Section 2 presents financing options for energy upgrades, as well as insights that will help decision makers select the right financing model for their project and jurisdiction. Section 3 summarizes key takeaways and highlights additional resources for small- and medium-sized public facilities.

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