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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 415 records · Page 23
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS2005

Impact of CAMEX-4 Data Sets for Hurricane Forecasts using a Global Model

This study explores the impact on hurricane data assimilation and forecasts from the use of dropsondes and remote-sensed moisture profiles from the airborne Lidar Atmospheric Sensing Experiment (LASE) system. We show that the use of these additional data sets, above those from the conventional world weather watch, has a positive impact on hurricane predictions. The forecast tracks and intensity from the experiments show a marked improvement compared to the control experiment where such data sets were excluded. A study of the moisture budget in these hurricanes showed enhanced evaporation and precipitation over the storm area. This resulted in these data sets making a large impact on the estimate of mass convergence and moisture fluxes, which were much smaller in the control runs. Overall this study points to the importance of high vertical resolution humidity data sets for improved model results. We note that the forecast impact from the moisture profiling data sets for some of the storms is even larger than the impact from the use of dropwindsonde based winds.

Kamineni, Rupa↗
NASA NTRS2003

Coronal Structure of a Flaring Region and Associated Coronal Mass Ejection

We report the multiwavelength investigations of an eruptive flare event that occurred on 2001 April 2 at about 11 UT. The manifestations associated with this flare event have been studied from the near-Sun region to about 0.5 AU. The H-alpha images from the Meudon Spectroheliograph reveal a fast spectacular eruption of plasmoids from the flare site to the west and a Moreton wave disturbance propagating toward the south, A bright, fast, wide coronal mass ejection (CME) associated with this eruptive event was imaged by SOHO/LASCO and the remote-sensing interplanetary scintillation technique. The timings and positions of the Type II radio bursts, H-alpha eruption, and CME onset as well as the magnetic field configuration suggest a release of energy at the null point. The results seem to support the "breakout" scenario proposed by Antiochos and coworkers, and they are also suggestive that the energy release is followed by magnetic reconnection between the low-lying loops near the separatrix and the loop system above them.

Kundu, Mukul R.↗
NASA NTRS2003

Processing Digital Imagery to Enhance Perceptions of Realism

Multi-scale retinex with color restoration (MSRCR) is a method of processing digital image data based on Edwin Land s retinex (retina + cortex) theory of human color vision. An outgrowth of basic scientific research and its application to NASA s remote-sensing mission, MSRCR is embodied in a general-purpose algorithm that greatly improves the perception of visual realism and the quantity and quality of perceived information in a digitized image. In addition, the MSRCR algorithm includes provisions for automatic corrections to accelerate and facilitate what could otherwise be a tedious image-editing process. The MSRCR algorithm has been, and is expected to continue to be, the basis for development of commercial image-enhancement software designed to extend and refine its capabilities for diverse applications.

Woodell, Glenn A.↗
NASA NTRS2003

Laser Ranging Simulation Program

Laser Ranging Simulation Program (LRSP) is a computer program that predicts selected aspects of the performances of a laser altimeter or other laser ranging or remote-sensing systems and is especially applicable to a laser-based system used to map terrain from a distance of several kilometers. Designed to run in a more recent version (5 or higher) of the MATLAB programming language, LRSP exploits the numerical and graphical capabilities of MATLAB. LRSP generates a graphical user interface that includes a pop-up menu that prompts the user for the input of data that determine the performance of a laser ranging system. Examples of input data include duration and energy of the laser pulse, the laser wavelength, the width of the laser beam, and several parameters that characterize the transmitting and receiving optics, the receiving electronic circuitry, and the optical properties of the atmosphere and the terrain. When the input data have been entered, LRSP computes the signal-to-noise ratio as a function of range, signal and noise currents, and ranging and pointing errors.

Piazolla, Sabino↗
NASA NTRS1994

VESAT: The Venus Environmental Satellite Discovery Mission

The Venus Environmental Satellite (VESAT) is being developed by JPL, Ball Aerospace, the University of Wisconsin, and Oxford University as an inexpensive but effective means of assessing numerous and interrelated dynamical and chemical processes within the deep atmosphere of Venus. Utilizing a small array of remote-sensing instruments designed to take advantage of several unique characteristics of this alien environment, VESAT daily acquires quantitative three-dimensional global maps of Venus in key environmental field parameters such as windfields, atmosphere/surface temperature fields, and trace gas abundances. VESAT utilizes a 45-degree inclined, 30,000-km altitude circular orbit to achieve consistent, regular coverage of the entire globe with minimal day-to-day variations in spacecraft operations, allowing uplink/downlink operations to be conducted effectively and inexpensively in a university setting. An integrated hardware procurement approach, wherein a single contractor is responsible for the design, manufacture, and integration of the entire spacecraft, including the instrument payload, enables significant savings in spacecraft/payload cost and schedule.

VESAT↗
NASA NTRS1994

A New Generation of Intelligent Trainable Tools for Analyzing Large Scientific Image Databases

In a variety of scientific disciplines two-dimensional digital image data is now relied on as a basic component of routine scientific investigation. The proliferation of image acquisition hardware such as multi-spectral remote-sensing platforms, medical imaging sensors, and high-resolution cameras have led to the widespread use of image data in fields such as atmospheric studies, planetary geology, ecology, agriculture, glacielogy, forestry, astronomy, diagnostic medicine, to name but a few.

machine↗
NASA NTRS1994

NDSC and the JPL Stratospheric Lidars

The Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change (NDSC) is an international cooperation providing a set of high-quality, remote-sensing instruments at observing stations around the globe. A brief description of the NDSC and its goals is presented. Lidar has been selected as the NDSC instrument for measurements of stratospheric profiles of ozone, temperature, and aerosol. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory has developed and implemented two stratospheric lidar systems for NDSC. These are located at Table Mountain, California and at Mauna Loa, Hawaii. These systems, which utilize different absorption lidar, Rayleigh lidar, Raman lidar, and backscatter lidar, to measure ozone, temperature, and aerosol profiles in the stratosphere are briefly described. Examples of results obtained for both long-term and individual profiles are presented.

lidar↗
NASA NTRS1993

Unmixing of Spectral Components Affecting AVIRIS Imagery of Tampa Bay

Models have been developed for use with hyperspectral remote-sensing reflectance data collected just above the air-sea interface for the West Florida Shelf 1,2,3,4,. They respond to variations in pigment, detrital, and gelbstoff absorption, chlorophyll a and gelbstoff flourescence, water Raman Scattering, Backscattering by water and particulate, and bottom depth and albedo.

Imagery↗
NASA NTRS2001

PacRIM II: A review of AirSAR operations and system performance

In this paper we briefly review the AirSAR system, its expected performance, and quality of data obtained during that mission. We discuss the system hardware calibration methodologies, and present quantitative performance values of radar backscatter and interferometric height errors (random and systematic) from PACRIM II calibration data.

PacRIM II AirSAR radar remote-sensing↗
NASA NTRS1999

Monitoring Marine Weather Systems Using Quikscat and TRMM Data

We do not understand nor are able to predict marine storms, particularly tropical cyclones, sufficiently well because ground-based measurements are sparse and operational numerical weather prediction models do not have sufficient spatial resolution nor accurate parameterization of the physics.

Hurricane remote-sensing wind rain↗