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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 433 records · Page 24
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1973

Double time lag combustion instability model for bipropellant rocket engines

A bipropellant stability model is presented in which feed system inertance and capacitance are treated along with injection pressure drop and distinctly different propellant time lags. The model is essentially an extension of Crocco's and Cheng's monopropellant model to the bipropellant case assuming that the feed system inertance and capacitance along with the resistance are located at the injector. The neutral stability boundaries are computed in terms of these parameters to demonstrate the interaction among them.

Liu, C. K.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Surface-state spectra from thick-oxide MOS tunnel junctions

The conductance and capacitance of thick-oxide MOS tunnel junctions (SiO2 thickness 40 to 65 A) have been measured from 35 Hz to 210 kHz. It is demonstrated that the use of a thick-oxide MOS tunnel junction makes it possible to obtain the surface-state data throughout the whole silicon band gap with better resolution and better sensitivity than the conventional MOS capacitance techniques. A slight departure from equilibrium may occur in the voltage range where large tunnel current flows. Corrections to the energy scale must be made in this voltage range. A method for the evaluation of the junction quality is discussed. The simplified equivalent circuits necessary for the calculation of surface-state data are constructed under various bias conditions by an approach different from that used in a previously published work. The present work supports the model that at least some of the observed surface states are a consequence of the diffusion of contact metals into the oxide.

Ma, T. P.↗
NASA NTRS1975

An optimized output stage for MOS integrated circuits

An output device for optimizing propagation delay and minimizing chip area is described. An optimum means of tapering the output stages to minimize propagation delay is determined. The minimum delay is a function of the capacitive load to node ratio, the number of output stages, and the interstage propagation delay. The effects on area are also presented. A figure of merit which is a function of area and propagation time is defined which is of use in designing output stages. An optimum exists which can be considered the best compromise between further decreasing propagation delay and increasing chip area. Data are also presented which allow a designer to determine the minimum chip area once the capacitive load and the maximum allowable delay are known.

Lin, H. C.↗
NASA NTRS1976

IGFET/SOI fabrication method

Technique increases switching speeds, shortens channel length, reduces parasitic capacitance and gate overlap, and minimizes gate-to-channel capacitance. The p and n sections may be reversed, allowing fabrication of complementary devices.

Feltner, W. R.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Experimental investigation of a double-diffused MOS structure

Self-aligned polysilicon gate technology was applied to double-diffused MOS (DMOS) construction in a manner that retains processing simplicity and effectively eliminates parasitic overlap capacitance because of the self-aligning feature. Depletion mode load devices with the same dimensions as the DMOS transistors were integrated. The ratioless feature results in smaller dimension load devices, allowing for higher density integration with no increase in the processing complexity of standard MOS technology. A number of inverters connected as ring oscillators were used as a vehicle to test the performance and to verify the anticipated benefits. The propagation time-power dissipation product and process related parameters were measured and evaluated. This report includes (1) details of the process; (2) test data and design details for the DMOS transistor, the load device, the inverter, the ring oscillator, and a shift register with a novel tapered geometry for the output stages; and (3) an analytical treatment of the effect of the distributed silicon gate resistance and capacitance on the speed of DMOS transistors.

Lin, H. C.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Engine Hydraulic Stability

An analytical injector model was developed specifically to analyze combustion instability coupling between the injector hydraulics and the combustion process. This digital computer dynamic injector model will, for any imposed chamber of inlet pressure profile with a frequency ranging from 100 to 3000 Hz (minimum) accurately predict/calculate the instantaneous injector flowrates. The injector system is described in terms of which flow segments enter and leave each pressure node. For each flow segment, a resistance, line lengths, and areas are required as inputs (the line lengths and areas are used in determining inertance). For each pressure node, volume and acoustic velocity are required as inputs (volume and acoustic velocity determine capacitance). The geometric criteria for determining inertances of flow segments and capacitance of pressure nodes was set. Also, a technique was developed for analytically determining time averaged steady-state pressure drops and flowrates for every flow segment in an injector when such data is not known. These pressure drops and flowrates are then used in determining the linearized flow resistance for each line segment of flow.

Kesselring, R. C.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Measuring charge nonuniformity in MOS devices

Convenient method of determining inherent lateral charge non-uniformities along silicon dioxide/silicon interface of metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) employs rapid measurement of capacitance of interface as function of voltage at liquid nitrogen temperature. Charge distribution is extracted by fast-Fourier-transform analysis of capacitance voltage (C-V) measurement.

Maserjian, J.↗
NASA NTRS1967

Dynamic capacitor having a peripherally driven element and system incorporating the same

A capacitor in which one plate or electrode element is vibratable to achieve a variation in capacitance is described. The capacitor includes two spaced stationary elements. The third element is supported at its center and in the form of a thin diaphragm which is vibrated at its inherent mechanical resonant frequency to achieve a corresponding variation in capacitance between one of the stationary elements and the vibrating diaphragm.

Goldstein, C. S.↗
NASA NTRS1979

LaF3 insulators for MIS structures

Thin films of LaF3 deposited on Si or GaAs substrates have been observed to form blocking contacts with very high capacitances. This results in comparatively hysteresis-free and sharp C-V (capacitance-voltage) characteristics for MIS structures. Such structures have been used to study the interface states of GaAs with increased resolution and to construct improved photocapacitive infrared detectors.

Sher, A.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Induction powered biological radiosonde

An induction powered implanted monitor for epidurally measuring intracranial pressure and telemetering the pressure information to a remote readout is disclosed. The monitor utilizes an inductance-capacitance (L-C) oscillator in which the C comprises a variable capacitance transducer, one electrode of which is a small stiff pressure responsive diaphragm. The oscillator is isolated from a transmitting tank circuit by a buffer circuit and all electric components in the implanted unit except an input and an output coil are shielded by a metal housing.

Fryer, T. B.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Analysis of differential and active charging phenomena on ATS-5 and ATS-6

Spacecraft charging on the differential charging and artificial particle emission experiments on ATS 5 and ATS 6 were studied. Differential charging of spacecraft surfaces generated large electrostatic barriers to spacecraft generated electrons, from photoemission, secondary emission, and thermal emitters. The electron emitter could partially or totally discharge the satellite, but the mainframe recharged negatively in a few 10's of seconds. The time dependence of the charging behavior was explained by the relatively large capacitance for differential charging in comparison to the small spacecraft to space capacitance. A daylight charging event on ATS 6 was shown to have a charging behavior suggesting the dominance of differential charging on the absolute potential of the mainframe. Ion engine operations and plasma emission experiments on ATS 6 were shown to be an effective means of controlling the spacecraft potential in eclipse and sunlight. Elimination of barrier effects around the detectors and improving the quality of the particle data are discussed.

Olsen, R. C.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Improved Magnetic-Field-Component Resolvers

New resolvers for vectorially summing outputs of aircraft-mounted magnetometers are lighter and more economical to fabricate than conventional electromagnetic resolvers. One resolver is based on potentiometric principles, the second uses polarization filters, and the third has variable-capacitance elements. Optical, capacitive and potentiometric devices have applications in aircraft navigation systems.

Garner, H. D.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Breakdown voltage of discrete capacitors under single-pulse conditions

For electrostatic capacitors the breakdown voltage is inherently related to the properties of the dielectric, with the important parameters being the dielectric field strength which is related to the dielectric constant and the dielectric thickness. These are not necessarily related to the capacitance value and the rated voltage, but generally the larger values of capacitance have lower breakdown voltages. Foil and wet slug electrolytics can withstand conduction currents pulses without apparent damage (in either direction for foil types). For solid tantalums, damage occurs whenever the capacitor charges to the forming voltage.

Domingos, H.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Solar collector parameter identification from unsteady data by a discrete-gradient optimization algorithm

A discrete-gradient optimization algorithm is used to identify the parameters in a one-node and a two-node capacitance model of a flat-plate collector. Collector parameters are first obtained by a linear-least-squares fit to steady state data. These parameters, together with the collector heat capacitances, are then determined from unsteady data by use of the discrete-gradient optimization algorithm with less than 10 percent deviation from the steady state determination. All data were obtained in the indoor solar simulator at the NASA Lewis Research Center.

Hotchkiss, G. B.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Static strain measurements on gas turbine combustor liners

It is noted that the combustor, a critical hot section component, can suffer failure through crack formation, buckling, and liner burn-through. Thus, there is a need to develop instrumentation which can function reliably in the combustor liner environment during testing and provide data to verify the accuracy of the analytical predictive tools used in designing the combustors. The results of an investigation into the suitability of a number of resistive, capacitive, optical, and electronic sensors are presented. The three sensors judged to possess the potential for measuring static strains up to + or - 2,000 micro-strain at temperatures to 1150 K with an accuracy of + or - 10% are the Kanthal A-1 Wire Strain Gage, Speckle Photography with Heterodyne Halo Evaluation, and the Thin Film Capacitive Sensor.

Raymondo, P.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Study of the photovoltaic effect in thin film barium titanate

Ferroelectric films of barium titanate were synthesized on silicon and quartz substrates, and the photoelectric effect in the structure consisting of metal deposited ferroelectric barium titanate film silicon was studied. A photovoltage with polarity that depends on the direction of the remanent polarization was observed. The deposition of BaTiO3 on silicon and fused quartz substrates was accomplished by an rf sputtering technique. A series of experiments to study the growth of ferroelectric BaTiO3 films on single crystal silicon and fused quartz substrates were conducted. The ferroelectric character in these films was found on the basis of evidence from the polarization electric field hysteresis loops, capacitance voltage and capacitance temperature techniques and from X-ray diffraction studies.

Grannemann, W. W.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Electrostatic disturbance forces on a 3-axis drag-free sensor

The electrostatic analysis of a multiple-capacitance 3-axis drag-free sensor is presented in this paper. The instrument consists of a proof-mass (a dense metallic ball) floating freely inside a spherical cavity enclosed by the sensor plates and the shield. Since the ball and the cavity are not necessarily concentric, the problem in three-dimensional potential theory for electrostatics is solved by the method of boundary perturbations and specifically in terms of spherical harmonics. The capacitance outputs of the instrument and the electrostatic forces acting on the system are derived as non-linear functions of the ball position, ball charge and the sensor plate potentials. The instrument sensitivity and cross-coupling effects are discussed. The analysis may also be useful for electrostatic gyros and suspensions.

Hagstrom, T.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Dielectric Scanning Locates Voids in Glass Foam

Capacitive probes succeed where X-ray and ultrasonic equipment do not. Crossbar switching of pairs of conductors enables detection of dielectric inhomogeneities in selected small volume elements of slab of material. Large void in sample detected as low capacitance reading for volume element containing void. Applicable in nondestructive testing of other dielectric objects for internal defects that exhibit dielectric inhomogeneities.

Gammell, P. M.↗