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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 433 records · Page 24
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2026

Graphical User Interface for a Biasing Board for the PSEC6

The PSEC6 is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) designed for a readout system for a large area picosecond photodetector (LAPPD). The PSEC6 is currently in fabrication and pending testing. The testing system for the PSEC5, the previous iteration of the ASIC, required expensive and non-portable equipment, because the ASIC needs twelve adjustable reference voltages. The new testing system consists of an low-cost, open-source, cross-platform graphical user interface (GUI), a digital system, and a biasing board. The digital system is the interface between the GUI and biasing board, and can be implemented on a microcontroller or field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The biasing board contains twelve digital-to-analog converters (DACs) that are configurable via the GUI, which gives users the ability to write voltage values to all or specific DACs. The GUI was developed in C on Linux using the widget library GTK4 and cross-compiled for Windows compatibility. I2C and SPI protocols were implemented on an Adafruit Feather ESP32-S3 microcontroller to write commands to the DACs and PSEC6. A hardware implementation of the I2C protocol is in development on an FPGA. Since LAPPDs will be used by the Accelerator Neutrino Neutron Interaction Experiment (ANNIE) at Fermilab, the PSEC6 testing system in this internship project can potentially benefit future neutrino research. The project is relevant to the Department of Energy’s microelectronics mission, because the PSEC6 is an ASIC that will handle fast time signals arriving from the detector for readout. It also provided experience with building a cross-platform user interface, practicing digital design and implementation in hardware description language (HDL), and using simulations to inform new design iterations.

Guerrero, Sasha Camila [North Central Coll.]↗
DOE OSTI2026

Examples of State and Utility Actions on Proactive Planning and Investments

As states across the U.S. confront rising electricity demand, clean energy deployment, grid modernization imperatives, and the integration of large new loads, some regulators and utilities are shifting away from reactive, “just-in-time” investment approaches toward more proactive planning and investment frameworks. This report compiles examples of jurisdictional and utility actions that reshape planning processes, cost recovery mechanisms, and performance oversight to anticipate—rather than simply respond to—future grid needs. Several themes emerge from state actions examined in this report. First, legislatures and commissions are increasingly directing utilities to proactively upgrade their distribution and transmission systems, reflecting a shift toward a forward-looking system that aligns planning with state policy goals. Second, states are establishing long-term, iterative planning frameworks that often feature multi-year horizons, biannual or annual compliance reporting, structured opportunities for stakeholder engagement, and emphasis on collaboration among utilities, regulators, and stakeholders. Third, states are actively investigating innovative cost recovery mechanisms designed to support accelerated electrification and grid modernization, while balancing consumer advocates’ concerns regarding the ratepayer financial risks of premature investments. Fourth, performance metrics and reporting requirements are being developed to ensure transparency and accountability for proactive investments. Fifth, methodological improvements in planning—such as aligning load forecasting assumptions, incorporating sensitivities, and considering load management potential across building, vehicles, storage, and demand response—are recurring areas of stakeholder focus across jurisdictions. Overall, these developments signify a growing recognition among state regulators, utilities, and stakeholders that proactive planning—supported by clear definitions, consistent and transparent methodologies, robust performance metrics, and innovative cost recovery mechanisms—is a tool that can be used to address the scale and urgency of contemporary grid needs.

electricity market↗
DOE OSTI2026

Development of a Framework and Methodology for an Advanced Reactor Materials Environmental Effects Design Guide

Advanced non-light-water reactor components may operate at elevated temperature while experiencing cyclic loading, significant neutron irradiation, and exposure to reactor coolant. ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section III, Division 5, provides design rules for elevated-temperature service but does not include specific procedures to account for environmental effects on material properties. This report develops an initial framework and methodology for an Environmental Effects Design Guide (EEDG) focused on neutron irradiation; coolant-environment effects are reserved for future work. The proposed approach treats irradiation as a property-based overlay on the existing Division 5 design process, with two routes: a sparse-data route applying two reduction factors — FCR on creep-rupture strength and FF on fatigue life — for the creep-fatigue evaluations that typically control the design of advanced high-temperature reactor components, and a fuller framework developing the property-to-rule chain across the four Division 5 checks (primary load, strain limits and ratcheting, creep-fatigue, and buckling), together with swelling and weldments as scope items. Both routes are scoped by an in-pile qualification that restricts the use of post-irradiation-examination-derived properties in regimes where an in-pile mechanism could control the design outcome. Illustrative outputs derived on a compiled annealed Type 316 database — FCR ≈ 0.78–0.86 and FF ≈ 0.4 — demonstrate the calculation method within that specific dataset. The framework is an initial, testable design-rule concept; it identifies a practical path for preliminary design evaluations under sparse data and the material data and testing needed to develop the framework further.

Barua, Bipul (ORCID:0000000247184113)↗
DOE OSTI2026

Sierra/SD Verification Test Manual 5.32

Tests from the Sierra Structural Dynamics verification test suite are reviewed. For each of the tests presented in this document the test setup, derivation of the analytic solution, and comparison of the Sierra code results to the analytic solution is provided. This document can be used to confirm that a given code capability is verified or referenced as a compilation of example problems.

Beale, Dagny Marie [Sandia National Laboratories (↗
DOE OSTI2026

Evaluation of Hardware and Software Bill of Materials (HBOMs/SBOMs) Extraction Methods

Hardware and software bills of materials (HBOMs and SBOMs) provide important visibility into the components, dependencies, and supply chain relationships within programmable digital devices. This visibility is critical for advanced nuclear reactor applications, where use of common or shared hardware components, software libraries, suppliers, or manufacturing processes may create common cause failure (CCF) vulnerabilities despite apparent diversity. This paper evaluates current approaches for obtaining and analyzing HBOMs and SBOMs in support of CCF, diversity and defense-in-depth (D3) assessments, and begins to explore potential methods for artificial intelligence/machine learning-based analysis. The availability of BOM information from advanced reactor manufacturers and vendors, representative hardware and software categories found in advanced reactor systems continues to limit research [13]. This paper compares commonly used BOM formats, including CycloneDX, SPDX, and SWID. It also surveys publicly available tools for generating BOMs from source code, compiled binaries, and hardware-related information, noting limitations in language coverage, system age, and format interoperability. Finally, this paper evaluates methods for correlating BOM data with vulnerability and exploitability information, including VEX, CVE, and CWE resources. The findings indicate that publicly available nuclear-vendor BOMs are limited, making third-party extraction and research into novel analysis techniques necessary.

Cybersecurity↗
DOE OSTI1996

Nuclear Safety [Vol. 37, No. 2, April-June 1996]

Nuclear Safety is a journal that covers significant issues in the field of nuclear safety. Its primary scope is safety in the design, construction, operation, and decommissioning of nuclear power reactors worldwide and the research and analysis activities that promote this goal, but it also encompasses the safety aspects of the entire nuclear fuel cycle, including fuel fabrication, spent-fuel processing and handling, and nuclear waste disposal, the handling of fissionable materials and radioisotopes, and the environmental effects of all these activities. Table of Contents for this issue follows. GENERAL SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS: 97 The Nuclear Community and the Public: Cognitive and Cultural Influences on Thinking About Nuclear Risk, M. A. Meyer; 109 Twenty-Third Water Reactor Safety Information Meeting, D. A. Copinger; ACCIDENT ANALYSIS: 126 Analysis of a PWR LBLOCA Without SCRAM, Trevor N. Tyler, Rafael Macian-Juan and John H. Mahaffy; DESIGN FEATURES: 139 Vulnerability of Multiple-Barrier Systems, N. C. Lind; ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS: 149 A Study of Wet Catalytic Oxidation of Radioactive Spent Ion Exchange Resin by Hydrogen Peroxide, Xingchao Jian, Tianbao Wu, and Guichun Yun; 157 A Comparison Study and Resolution of Differences Between Emergency Response and Safety Analysis Codes Used at the Savannah River Site, A. A. Simpkins; OPERATING EXPERIENCES: 164 Reactor Shutdown Experience, Compiled by J. W. Cletcher; RECENT DEVELOPMENTS: 167 Reports, Standards, and Safety Guides, D. S. Queener; 172 Proposed Rule Changes as of Dec. 31,1995; ANNOUNCEMENTS: 178 American Nuclear Society 1997 Annual Meeting; 178 American Nuclear Society Nuclear Criticality and Safety Division Topical Meeting; 176 The Authors.

05 NUCLEAR FUELS↗
DOE OSTI1996

Nuclear Safety [Vol. 37, No. 3, July-September 1996]

Nuclear Safety is a journal that covers significant issues in the field of nuclear safety. Its primary scope is safety in the design, construction, operation, and decommissioning of nuclear power reactors worldwide and the research and analysis activities that promote this goal, but it also encompasses the safety aspects of the entire nuclear fuel cycle, including fuel fabrication, spent-fuel processing and handling, and nuclear waste disposal, the handling of fissionable materials and radioisotopes, and the environmental effects of all these activities. Table of Contents for this issue follows. GENERAL SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS 181 Attitudes and Practices Regarding Disposal of Liquid Nuclear Waste at Clinton Laboratories in the Very Early Years: A Historical Analysis, S. H. Stow; 202 Off-Site Nuclear Emergency Management in Germany Under the Auspices of the Federal Structure, A. Bayer, S. Bittner, and H. Korn; DESIGN FEATURES: 211 Twenty-Fourth DOE/NRC Nuclear Air-Cleaning and Treatment Conference, R. R. Bellamy, J. J. Hayes, R. D. Porco, and M. W. First; OPERATING EXPERIENCES: 222 Explosion in the Tomsk-7 Reprocessing Plant on April 6, 1993, M. L. Hyder, W. G. Lussie, and F. E. Witmer; 234 Reactor Shutdown Experience, Compiled by J. W. Cletcher; U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION INFORMATION AND ANALYSES: 237 Assessment of Spent Fuel Cooling, J. G. Ibarra, W. R. Jones, G. F. Lanik, H. L. Ornstein, and S. V. Pullani; RECENT DEVELOPMENTS: 256 Reports, Standards, and Safety Guides, D. S. Queener; 260 Proposed Rule Changes as of June 30, 1996; ANNOUNCEMENTS: 210 Tennessee Industries Week; 221 21st International Symposium on The Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management; 259 IAEA Programme of Scientific Meetings for 1997; 270 PSAM 4 (International Conference on Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management); 265 The Authors; 268 Errata.

05 NUCLEAR FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2026

U.S. Hydropower Development Pipeline Data, 2026

The U.S. Hydropower Development Pipeline dataset provides a comprehensive, regularly updated view of proposed and potential hydropower projects across the United States. This resource compiles information from federal agencies and other public sources to track non-powered dams considered for electrification, proposed hydropower facilities at stream reaches with no existing dams, conduit exemptions, and emerging pumped storage hydropower proposals. The dataset includes project characteristics such as location, development status, technology type, ownership category, and other attributes that support analysis of future hydropower trends. It is designed to help researchers, planners, policymakers, and stakeholders assess national‑scale development patterns, understand the evolving hydropower landscape, and explore opportunities and challenges associated with new hydropower deployment. The dataset is updated annually to reflect changes in project status, new proposals entering the pipeline, and projects that are cancelled, completed, or otherwise removed from active consideration. Note: Capacity additions to existing hydropower plants are not included in this database due to reliance on a proprietary data source.

Johnson, Megan [ORNL] (ORCID:0000000290141741)↗
DOE OSTI2026

U.S. Hydropower Relicensing and License Surrender Data and Metadata, 2026

The U.S. Hydropower Relicensing and License Surrender Database (2026) provides a comprehensive, nationwide snapshot (as of December 31, 2025) of hydropower projects across the United States that are undergoing Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) relicensing or license surrender processes. Compiled by Oak Ridge National Laboratory, the dataset includes detailed project-level attributes such as geographic location, ownership type, waterway, project type (hydropower or pumped storage), regulatory milestones (e.g., Notice of Intent, application dates, FERC issuance dates), licensing process type (ILP, TLP, ALP), operational characteristics, capacity changes, settlement agreements, construction or turbine‑generator investments, and project status categories spanning relicensing, surrenders, exemptions, and terminations. Together, the relicensing and surrender records offer a detailed view of regulatory trends, infrastructure transitions, dam removals, and economic drivers influencing the evolution of the U.S. hydropower fleet.

Johnson, Megan [ORNL] (ORCID:0000000290141741)↗
DOE OSTI2025

Hydropower Fish Passage Webmap

The National Fish Passage Webmap application provides an environment that allows users to visualize information information on fish passage facility existence, type, and direction at hydropower developments across the conterminous United States. It was developed through collaborative partnerships with fish passage engineers and biologists at both the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), and hydropower experts at the Low Impact Hydropower Institute (LIHI). Data on fish passage facilities at hydropower features were compiled from numerous sources including published and non-published datasets, published reports, email communications with federal and state resource managers and hydropower operators, and by extracting information from regulatory documents within the FERC eLibrary. The number of sources for a given feature varied, which occasionally resulted in conflicting information regarding the existence of fish passage facilities or in the type or sub-type of passage technologies. Such discrepancies were reviewed and resolved individually, based on the weight of evidence or, when available, on direct observations from information providers or aerial imagery.

13 HYDRO ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2025

Mapping Spiking Neural Networks to Heterogeneous Crossbar Architectures using Integer Linear Programming

Advances in novel hardware devices and architectures allow Spiking Neural Network (SNN) evaluation using ultra-low power, mixed-signal, memristor crossbar arrays. As individual network sizes quickly scale beyond the dimensional capabilities of single crossbars, networks must be mapped onto multiple crossbars. Crossbar sizes within modern Memristor Crossbar Architectures (MCAs) are determined predominately not by device technology but by network topology; more, smaller crossbars consume less area thanks to the high structural sparsity found in larger, brain-inspired SNNs. Motivated by continuing increases in SNN sparsity due to improvements in training methods, we propose utilizing heterogeneous crossbar sizes to further reduce area consumption. This approach was previously unachievable as prior compiler studies only explored solutions targeting homogeneous MCAs. Our work improves on the state-of-the-art by providing Integer Linear Programming (ILP) formulations supporting arbitrarily heterogeneous architectures. By modeling axonal interactions between neurons, our methods produce better mappings while removing inhibitive a priori knowledge requirements. We first show a 16.7-27.6% reduction in area consumption for square-crossbar homogeneous architectures. Then, we demonstrate 66.9-72.7% further reduction when using a reasonable configuration of heterogeneous crossbar dimensions. Next, we present a new optimization formulation capable of minimizing the number of inter-crossbar routes. When applied to solutions already near-optimal in area, an 11.9-26.4% routing reduction is observed without impacting area consumption. Finally, we present a profile-guided optimization capable of minimizing the number of runtime spikes between crossbars. Compared to the best-area-then-route optimized solutions, we observe a further 0.5-14.8% inter-crossbar spike reduction while requiring 1–3 orders of magnitude less solver time.

Pohl, Devin [ORNL] (ORCID:0009000040149027)↗
DOE OSTI2025

2D Modeling of Plasma Streamer and Glow Phases at Ammonia-Air Flame Conditions

Streamer and glow plasma phases have been modeled at two thermochemical states of an ammonia-air flame: fresh reactants and burnt products. A new AMReX-based solver has been verified against benchmarks in the literature and has been used to perform these simulations. A Helmholtz-equation based photoionization model with parameters accounting for the presence of NH3 in air has been coupled with the solver to accurately model the streamer propagation phase. A detailed plasma kinetics mechanism has been compiled and used to predict the evolution of electrons, excited states, ions, and radicals during streamer propagation and glow formation. The propagation velocity of streamers was found increase by almost two-fold when the mixture was changed from the fresh reactants to the burnt products. Moreover, vibrational excitation was found to be limited to the streamer body, whereas ionization predominantly occurred at the streamer head, as is expected. Finally, the differences in the pathways of O and H radical production during the streamer propagation and glow phases have been briefly discussed.

ammonia-air flame↗
DOE OSTI2024

UPGRADE-E: Understanding Patterns Guiding Residential Adoption and Decisions about Energy Efficiency

This work represents the largest and most comprehensive dataset to-date of responses surveyed from U.S. residents regarding home modifications and energy-related decision-making, including both objective measures describing the occupants and their homes and subjective measures describing the more unpredictable human factors behind residential decision-making. First, to develop the survey, we interviewed 121 individual decision-makers within their households regarding planned or completed projects. We used the insights of these interviews to design a survey that was distributed to 10,000 households across the U.S. The overarching topics approached in the survey include descriptive information about the respondent, their household, their home, home modifications they have made, and the human cognition-based contextual factors involved in home projects and decision-making, such as preferences, motivations, barriers, and information sources. The processed data from the survey was compiled into a dataset entitled UPGRADE-E: Understanding Patterns Guiding Residential Adoption and Decisions about Energy Efficiency and represents the basis for the analyses included in this paper. The dataset represents a rich repository of home energy technology and modification decision-making results, the largest of its kind to-date. The abundance of contextual considerations within this dataset provides a robust resource for continual analysis, with possibilities for considering cross-cuts of data from a variety of perspectives.

Fuentes, Tracy L↗
DOE OSTI2024

PPI DataHub Project Data Package: High-density Lipoprotein (HDL) Structure and Function Proteomics

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate how the interactions between APOA1 and APOA2 on the surface of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) impact particle function. Interactions were investigated on HDL isolated from human blood plasma using structural proteomics tools such as chemical cross-linking and limited proteolysis (LiP). The structural proteomics data was acquired using a Q-Exactive HF-X mass spectrometer and data was processed and compiled using MaxQuant sofware (v.1.6.17.0). Processed datasets are openly accessible from the download button (~2.8 GB) and contain secondary processed LiP and global proteomic results files and supporting metadata materials. Processed data downloads include a sample naming key, processed MaxQuant results/parameters, and protein annotated relative abundance files.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Human Host Cellular Response to HCoV-229E Infection Proteomics (ACS-JM-DP2)

The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the human host cellular response to wild-type Human coronavirus strain 229E (HCoV-229E) infection. Sample data was obtained for mock and infected immortalized human lung epithelial cells (A549) (MOI 5) nuclear extracts, immortalized human lung fibroblasts cells (MRC5) (MOI5) nuclear extracts, and primary human airway epithelial (HAE) (MOI 3) cells from lung tissue and processed for proteome analysis. Processed datasets are openly accessible from the download button and contain secondary processed proteomic results files and supporting metadata materials. Experimental proteomics samples were prepared using Limited Proteolysis (LiP) methods for Label-free quantification (LFQ) and global proteomic evaluation. Sample data was acquired using a Q-Exactive HF-X mass spectrometer and was processed and compiled using MaxQuant software (v.1.6.17.0). Processed proteomic data downloads include a sample naming key, processed MaxQuant results/parameters, and protein annotated relative abundance files. See corresponding primary data accessions below and Viral Experiment LiP Analysis source code supporting data transparency and reuse. Experimental transcriptomics samples were collected in parallel and processed for RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) as summarized under ACS-DP1 (https://data.pnnl.gov/group/nodes/dataset/34069).

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗