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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 433 records · Page 24
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1982

The 3-D inelastic analysis methods for hot section components: Brief description

Advanced 3-D inelastic structural/stress analysis methods and solution strategies for more accurate yet more cost-effective analysis of components subjected to severe thermal gradients and loads in the presence of mechanical loads, with steep stress and strain gradients are being developed. Anisotropy, time and temperature dependent plasticity and creep effects are also addressed. The approach is to develop four different theories, one linear and three higher order theories (polynomial function, special function, general function). The theories are progressively more complex from linear to general function in order to provide streamlined analysis capability with increasing accuracy for each hot section component and for different parts of the same component according to the severity of the local stress, strain and temperature gradients associated with hot spots, cooling holes and surface coating cracks. To further enhance the computational effectiveness, the higher order theories will have embedded singularities (cooling passages, for example) in the generic modeling region. Each of the four theories consists of three formulation models derivable from independent theoretical formulations. These formulation models are based on: (1) mechanics of materials; (2) special finite elements; and (3) an advanced formulation to be recommended by the contractor.

Chamis, C. C.↗
DOE OSTI2014

Interaction potentials and thermodynamic properties of two component semiclassical plasma

In this paper, the effective interaction potential in two component semiclassical plasma, taking into account the long-range screening and the quantum-mechanical diffraction effects at short distances, is obtained on the basis of dielectric response function method. The structural properties of the semiclassical plasma are considered. The thermodynamic characteristics (the internal energy and the equation of state) are calculated using two methods: the method of effective potentials and the method of micropotentials with screening effect taken into account by the Ornstein-Zernike equation in the HNC approximation.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
NASA NTRS2004

Pseudoslit Spectrometer

The pseudoslit spectrometer is a conceptual optoelectronic instrument that would offer some of the advantages, without the disadvantages, of prior linear-variable etalon (LVE) spectrometers and prior slit spectrometers. The pseudoslit spectrometer is so named because it would not include a slit, but the combined effects of its optical components would include a spatial filtering effect approximately equivalent to that of a slit. Like a prior LVE spectrometer, the pseudoslit spectrometer would include an LVE (essentially, a wedge-like narrowband- pass filter, the pass wavelength of which varies linearly with position in one dimension) in a focal plane covering an imaging planar array of photodetectors. However, the pseudoslit spectrometer would be more efficient because unlike a prior LVE spectrometer, the pseudoslit spectrometer would not have to be scanned across an entire field of view to obtain the spectrum of an object of interest that may occupy only a small portion of the field of view. Like a prior slit spectrometer, the pseudoslit spectrometer could acquire the entire spectrum of such a small object without need for scanning. However, the pseudoslit spectrometer would be optically and mechanically simpler: it would have fewer components and, hence, would pose less of a problem of alignment of components and would be less vulnerable to misalignment.

Reuter, Dennis C.↗
NASA NTRS1988

Collisions with ice-volatile objects: Geological implications

The collision of the Earth with extra-terrestrial ice-volatile bodies is proposed as a mechanism to produce rapid changes in the geologic record. These bodies would be analogs of the ice satellites found for the Jovian planets and suspected for comets and certain low density bodies in the Asteroid belt. Five generic end-members are postulated: (1) water ice; (2) dry ice: carbon-carbon dioxide rich, (3) oceanic (chloride) ice; (4) sulfur-rich ice; (5) ammonia hydrate-rich ice; and (6) clathrate: methane-rich ice. Due to the volatile nature of these bodies, evidence for their impact with the Earth would be subtle and probably best reflected geochemically or in the fossil record. Actual boloids impacting the Earth may have a variable composition, generally some admixture with water ice. However for discussion purposes, only the effects of a dominant component will be treated. The general geological effects of such collisions, as a function of the dominant component would be: (1) rapid sea level rise unrelated to deglaciation, (2) decreased oceanic pH and rapid climatic warming or deglaciation; (3) increased paleosalinities; (4) increased acid rain; (5) increased oceanic pH and rapid carbonate deposition; and (6) rapid climatic warming or deglaciation.

Wilde, P.↗
DOE OSTI2018

Unraveling the surface chemistry processes in lithiated and boronized plasma material interfaces under extreme conditions

The review of recent theoretical and experimental research on the complex surface chemistry processes that evolve from low-Z material conditioning on plasma-facing materials under extreme fusion plasma conditions is presented. A combination of multi-scale computational physics and chemistry modeling with real-time diagnosis of the plasma-material interface in tokamak fusion plasma edge is complemented by ex-vessel in-situ single-effect experimental facilities to unravel the evolving characteristics of low-Z components under irradiation. Effects of the lithium and boron coatings at carbon surfaces to the retention of deuterium and chemical sputtering of the plasma-facing surfaces are discussed in detail. The critical role of oxygen in the surface chemistry during hydrogen-fuel irradiation is found to drive the kinetics and dynamics of these surfaces as they interact with fusion edge plasma that ultimately could have profound effects on fusion plasma confinement behavior. Computational studies also extend in spatio-temporal scales not accessible by empirical means and therefore open the opportunity for a strategic approach at irradiation surface science studies that combined these powerful computational tools with in-vessel and ex-vessel in-situ diagnostics.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2015

Stop and Restart Effects on Modern Vehicle Starting System Components

Many drivers of personal and commercial vehicles believe that turning the vehicle off and on frequently instead of idling will cause premature wear of the starter system (starter motor and starter battery). As a result, they are concerned that the replacement cost of the starter motor and/or battery due to increased manual engine cycling would be more than the cumulative cost of the fuel saved by not idling unnecessarily. A number of variables play a role in addressing this complex concern, including the number of starting cycles per day, the time between starting cycles, the intended design life of the starting system, the amount of fuel used to restart an engine, and the cumulative cost of the saved fuel. Qualitative and quantitative information from a variety of sources was used to develop a life-cycle economic model to evaluate the cost and quantify the realistic factors that are related to the permissible frequency of starter motor cycles for the average vehicle to economically minimize engine idle time. Annual cost savings can be calculated depending on shutdown duration and the number of shutdown cycles per day. Analysis shows that cost savings are realized by eliminating idling exceeding one minute by shutting down the engine and restarting it. For a typical motorist, the damage to starting system components resulting from additional daily start cycles will be negligible. Overall, it was found that starter life is mostly dependent on the total number of start cycles, while battery life is more dependent on ensuring a full charge between start events.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2019

Development of Agile and Cost Effective Routes for Manufacturing Reliable Ceramic Components for SOFC Systems

Additive manufacturing routes were explored and developed to enable the low to medium volume manufacturing of ceramic components with a short lead time, flexibility for iterative design, and without the high CAPEX and tooling costs associated with green machining or injection molding. Agile manufacturing route of gelcasting and 3D printing were selected and work focused on the production of ceramic manifold components utilized in the balance of plant for Saint-Gobain’s all ceramic SOFC stack. This work showed that both gelcasting and a specific version of 3D printing were able to create parts with the proper fidelity and at lower cost than traditional powder processing followed by green machining.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2019

Development of Agile and Cost Effective Routes for Manufacturing Reliable Ceramic Components for SOFC Systems (Final Report)

Additive manufacturing routes were explored and developed to enable the low to medium volume manufacturing of ceramic components with a short lead time, flexibility for iterative design, and without the high CAPEX and tooling costs associated with green machining or injection molding. Agile manufacturing route of gelcasting and 3D printing were selected and work focused on the production of ceramic manifold components utilized in the balance of plant for Saint-Gobain’s all-ceramic SOFC stack. This work showed that both gelcasting and a specific version of 3D printing were able to create parts with the proper fidelity and at lower cost than traditional powder processing followed by green machining.

03 NATURAL GAS↗
DOE OSTI2019

Development of Agile and Cost Effective Routes for Manufacturing Reliable Ceramic Components for SOFC Systems (Final Scientific Report Updated)

Additive manufacturing routes were explored and developed to enable the low to medium volume manufacturing of ceramic components with a short lead time, flexibility for iterative design, and without the high CAPEX and tooling costs associated with green machining or injection molding. Agile manufacturing route of gelcasting and 3D printing were selected and work focused on the production of ceramic manifold components utilized in the balance of plant for Saint-Gobain’s all-ceramic SOFC stack. This work showed that both gelcasting and a specific version of 3D printing were able to create parts with the proper fidelity and at lower cost than traditional powder processing followed by green machining.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
NASA NTRS1991

Software component quality evaluation

The paper describes a software inspection process that can be used to evaluate the quality of software components. Quality criteria, process application, independent testing of the process and proposed associated tool support are covered. Early results indicate that this technique is well suited for assessing software component quality in a standardized fashion. With automated machine assistance to facilitate both the evaluation and selection of software components, such a technique should promote effective reuse of software components.

Clough, A. J.↗
NASA NTRS1996

Aerodynamic Characteristics of Two Waverider-Derived Hypersonic Cruise Configurations

An evaluation was made on the effects of integrating the required aircraft components with hypersonic high-lift configurations known as waveriders to create hypersonic cruise vehicles. Previous studies suggest that waveriders offer advantages in aerodynamic performance and propulsion/airframe integration (PAI) characteristics over conventional non-waverider hypersonic shapes. A wind-tunnel model was developed that integrates vehicle components, including canopies, engine components, and control surfaces, with two pure waverider shapes, both conical-flow-derived waveriders for a design Mach number of 4.0. Experimental data and limited computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solutions were obtained over a Mach number range of 1.6 to 4.63. The experimental data show the component build-up effects and the aerodynamic characteristics of the fully integrated configurations, including control surface effectiveness. The aerodynamic performance of the fully integrated configurations is not comparable to that of the pure waverider shapes, but is comparable to previously tested hypersonic models. Both configurations exhibit good lateral-directional stability characteristics.

Cockrell, Charles E., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS2003

The effects of space environments on electronic components

One of the challenges in space qualification is to define the operational environment of a part such that it is tested to the limits of a mission without requiring expensive overdesign. To aid this, this document defines, discusses and recommends environmental design and verification requirements for using microelectronic components and assemblies in space environments.

space environments↗