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Results for “phase separation”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 433 records · Page 24
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1988

Liquid/vapour phase separation in He-4 using electric fields

In space, a replacement must be found for gravity to physically control and, in certain instances, contain cryogenic liquids. A program has been started at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory to study the use of electric field generated forces to establish the required orienting effects. Measurements which show that it is possible to apply strong enough electric fields to a liquid/vapor interface of He-4 to obtain an orienting force comparable to gravity are presented. Our measurements span the temperature range 1.7-4.2 K and demonstrate the applicability of Pashen's law for maximum attainable field before breakdown occurs. Some advantages of the electric field separator as opposed to passive surface tension devices are identified.

Israelsson, U. E.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Dynamics of phase separation of binary fluids

The results of molecular-dynamics studies of surface-tension-dominated spinodal decomposition of initially well-mixed binary fluids in the absence and presence of gravity are presented. The growth exponent for the domain size and the decay exponent of the potential energy of interaction between the two species with time are found to be 0.6 +/- 0.1, inconsistent with scaling arguments based on dimensional analysis.

Ma, Wen-Jong↗
NASA NTRS1994

Multi-wavelength intra-peak phase separations in pulsed emissions from the Crab and the Vela pulsars

The Crab and the Vela pulsars were observed to emit pulsed radiation in the radio, optical, X-ray and gamma ray windows of the electromagnetic spectrum. In all cases the emission appears in two peaks, except in the case of radio emission from the Vela pulsar which is single peaked. With accurate peak position determinations made possible by recent observations, it is interesting to see if the intra-peak separations at various wavelengths across the electromagnetic spectrum bear any relation to each other. We report here an emerging trend of a monotonic decrease of the intra-peak separation with energy. The rate of decrease is faster in the case of the Vela pulsar than in that of the Crab pulsar. Even the case of single peaked radio emission by the Vela pulsar can be viewed as being consistent with this trend. These trends provide both an opportunity and a challenge to realistic modelings of pulsed emissions by these objects.

Ramanamurthy, P. V.↗
NASA NTRS2000

Exposure History of Separated Phases from the Kapoeta Meteorite

Cosmogenic Be-10, Al-26, Cl-36, and Mn-53 were measured in clasts and matrix samples from Kapoeta. The radionuclide data are consistent with a single stage exposure lasting approximately 3 Ma. These results are not consistent with exposure ages based on cosmogenic Ne-21.

Caffee, M. W.↗
NASA NTRS2002

Inter and Intra Molecular Phase Separation Environment Effects on PI-PEO Block Copolymers for Batteries and Fuel Cells

Rod-coil molecules have been introduced as a novel type of block copolymers with unique microstructure due to their ability to self-assemble to various ordered morphologies on a nanometer length scale. These molecules, comprised two homo polymers joined together at one end, microphase separate into ordered, periodic arrays of spheres, cylinders in the bulk state and or solution. To get ordered structure in a reasonable scale, additional force field are applied, such as mechanical shearing, electric field and magnetic field. Recently, progress has made it a possible to develop a new class of polyimides (PI)-Polyethylene oxide (PEO) that are soluble in polar organic solvents. The solvent-soluble PI-PEO has a wide variety of applications in microelectronics, since these PI-PEO films exhibit a high degree of thermal and chemical stability. In this paper, we report the self-assembled ordered structure of PI-PEO molecules formed from concentrate solution.

Xue, Chen-Chen↗
NASA NTRS1998

Two genetically separable phases of growth inhibition induced by blue light in Arabidopsis seedlings

High fluence-rate blue light (BL) rapidly inhibits hypocotyl growth in Arabidopsis, as in other species, after a lag time of 30 s. This growth inhibition is always preceded by the activation of anion channels. The membrane depolarization that results from the activation of anion channels by BL was only 30% of the wild-type magnitude in hy4, a mutant lacking the HY4 BL receptor. High-resolution measurements of growth made with a computer-linked displacement transducer or digitized images revealed that BL caused a rapid inhibition of growth in wild-type and hy4 seedlings. This inhibition persisted in wild-type seedlings during more than 40 h of continuous BL. By contrast, hy4 escaped from the initial inhibition after approximately 1 h of BL and grew faster than wild type for approximately 30 h. Wild-type seedlings treated with 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)-benzoic acid, a potent blocker of the BL-activated anion channel, displayed rapid growth inhibition, but, similar to hy4, these seedlings escaped from inhibition after approximately 1 h of BL and phenocopied the mutant for at least 2.5 h. The effects of 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)-benzoic acid and the HY4 mutation were not additive. Taken together, the results indicate that BL acts through HY4 to activate anion channels at the plasma membrane, causing growth inhibition that begins after approximately 1 h. Neither HY4 nor anion channels appear to participate greatly in the initial phase of inhibition.

Non-NASA Center↗
DOE OSTI2014

Integrated acoustic phase separator and multiphase fluid composition monitoring apparatus and method

An apparatus and method for down hole gas separation from the multiphase fluid flowing in a wellbore or a pipe, for determining the quantities of the individual components of the liquid and the flow rate of the liquid, and for remixing the component parts of the fluid after which the gas volume may be measured, without affecting the flow stream, are described. Acoustic radiation force is employed to separate gas from the liquid, thereby permitting measurements to be separately made for these two components; the liquid (oil/water) composition is determined from ultrasonic resonances; and the gas volume is determined from capacitance measurements. Since the fluid flows around and through the component parts of the apparatus, there is little pressure difference, and no protection is required from high pressure differentials.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2016

Integrated acoustic phase separator and multiphase fluid composition monitoring apparatus and method

An apparatus and method for down hole gas separation from the multiphase fluid flowing in a wellbore or a pipe, for determining the quantities of the individual components of the liquid and the flow rate of the liquid, and for remixing the component parts of the fluid after which the gas volume may be measured, without affecting the flow stream, are described. Acoustic radiation force is employed to separate gas from the liquid, thereby permitting measurements to be separately made for these two components; the liquid (oil/water) composition is determined from ultrasonic resonances; and the gas volume is determined from capacitance measurements. Since the fluid flows around and through the component parts of the apparatus, there is little pressure difference, and no protection is required from high pressure differentials.

42 ENGINEERING↗