CACTI ARM Aerial Facility Measurements of Ice Nucleating Particles
The dataset comprises measures, using Colorado State University's Ice Spectrometer (IS, an immersion freezing device with a range from 0°C down to -26 to -29°C) of atmospheric ice nucleating particle (INP) concentrations taken on the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program Aerial Facilty (AAF) G-1 aircraft. INP measurements on the G-1 were collected from varied altitudes on different flights over the region of the Sierras de Córdoba mountain range of north-central Argentina, centred over ARM's Mobile Facility (AMF-1) near Villa Yacanto, where ground-based INP measures were being taken concurrently. Both studies took place as part of the Cloud, Aerosol, and Complex Terrain Interactions (CACTI) Experiment. A filter sampling system was deployed on the G-1 to collect aerosol particles for post-processing of INPs collected on filters (measuring their immersion freezing ability) once returned to Colorado State University (CSU). Filter holders used were pre-cleaned aluminum in-line units loaded with pre-cleaned and pre-sterilized 47 mm dia. Nuclepore polycarbonate filters (0.2 mm pore size). Filters were drawn for varied times, resulting in varied volumes collected (51 to 1667 SL). Mass flow rate was recorded in real-time so that total sampled volume (at standard temperature and pressure) could be determined. A total of 34 sample filters were collected over the IOP, including 5 blanks. Filters were stored at -20°C freezer prior to frozen return to Colorado State University (CSU). . Processing to obtain spectra of INP number concentration active via the immersion freezing mechanism versus temperature was conducted using CSU's IS instrument (McCluskey et al., 2018). For measurment of INPs, collected aerosol particles were re-suspended in 7 mL of 0.02 µm-filtered deionized water. Aliquots of each suspension, and serial dilutions, were dispensed into trays which were fit into aluminum blocks in the IS. Samples are cooled at 0.33°C min-1 and the freezing temperatures of wells recorded automatically. Cumulative INP concentrations were determined by first calculating the INPs per mL of suspension based on Vali (1971) and then converting to concentration per standard liter of air using the proportion of the total liquid sample dispensed and the air sample volumes. Aliquots of suspensions from selected samples were also heat treated (95°C for 20 min) to denature and deactivate biological INPs, and digested in 10% H2O2 at 95°C under UV-B to remove all organic carbon INPs. McCluskey, C. S., J. Ovadnevaite, M. Rinaldi, J. Atkinson, F. Belosi, D. Ceburnis, S. Marullo, T. C. J. Hill, U. Lohmann, Z. A. Kanji, C. O’Dowd, S. M. Kreidenweis, P. J. DeMott, 2018: Marine and Terrestrial Organic Ice Nucleating Particles in Pristine Marine to Continentally-Influenced Northeast Atlantic Air Masses, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 123, 6196–6212, https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JD028033. Vali, G., 1971: Quantitative evaluation of experimental results on the heterogeneous freezing nucleation of supercooled liquids. J. Atmos. Sci., 28, 402–409.