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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 451 records · Page 25
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2025

Performance of the ICARUS Trigger System at the Booster and NuMI Neutrino Beams †

The ICARUS-T600 liquid argon time projection chamber detector takes data at a shallow depth as the far detector of the Short Baseline Neutrino program at Fermilab, searching for sterile neutrinos with the Booster and Main Injector neutrino beams. The ICARUS trigger system exploits the temporal coincidence of the beams with scintillation light signals detected by 360 photo-multiplier tubes in limited TPC regions. The trigger efficiency measurement leverages cosmic rays collected without any scintillation light requirement, with timing from an external cosmic ray tagger system. The efficiency measured with stopping muons roughly saturates at ∼300 MeV, covering most of the expected energy range of charged-current neutrino interactions. For the latest ICARUS physics runs, special “adder” boards performing the analog sum of light signals were introduced as a complementary trigger to possibly recover low-energy neutrino interactions.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Code associated with "Assessing the Effect of a Deep-Rooted Grass on Belowground Carbon Storage in Cultivated Land: Insights from a Multi-Site US Study"

R code associated with "Assessing the Effect of a Deep-Rooted Grass on Belowground Carbon Storage in Cultivated Land: Insights from a Multi-Site US Study" These scripts can be used to analyze the accompanying dataset: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16620529. (1) resampling_functions.R : Creates functions for resampling data for nonparametric bootstrapping (2) bootstrap_depth_profiles.R : Applies resampling functions to the dataset (3) gapfill_masscalcs.R : Prepares data for equivalent mass calculations (4) get_14C_EM.R : Applies soilR to obtain the 14C end member for mixing model calculations (5) mass_aggregate.R : Performs equivalent mass and mass weighted averaging calculations.

Carbon↗
NASA NTRS1974

TERSSE: Definition of the Total Earth Resources System for the Shuttle Era. Volume 8: User's Mission and System Requirements Data (appendix A of Volume 3)

A computer printout is presented of the mission requirement for the TERSSE missions and their associated user tasks. The data included in the data base represents a broad-based attempt to define the amount, extent, and type of information needed for an earth resources management program in the era of the space shuttle. An effort was made to consider all aspects of remote sensing and resource management; because of its broad scope, it is not intended that the data be used without verification for in-depth studies of particular missions and/or users. The data base represents the quantitative structure necessary to define the TERSSE architecture and requirements, and to an overall integrated view of the earth resources technology requirements of the 1980's.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1975

Manned systems utilization analysis (study 2.1). Volume 3: LOVES computer simulations, results, and analyses

The LOVES computer program was employed to analyze the geosynchronous portion of the NASA's 1973 automated satellite mission model from 1980 to 1990. The objectives of the analyses were: (1) to demonstrate the capability of the LOVES code to provide the depth and accuracy of data required to support the analyses; and (2) to tradeoff the concept of space servicing automated satellites composed of replaceable modules against the concept of replacing expendable satellites upon failure. The computer code proved to be an invaluable tool in analyzing the logistic requirements of the various test cases required in the tradeoff. It is indicated that the concept of space servicing offers the potential for substantial savings in the cost of operating automated satellite systems.

Stricker, L. T.↗
NASA NTRS1982

MAGSAT science investigations

Progress in the development and modification of software to accommodate total field anomaly data and for spectral analysis of aeromagnetic profile data and computation of depth to magnetic bottom is reported.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1981

Low NOx heavy fuel combustor concept program

A total of twelve low NOx combustor configurations, embodying three different combustion concepts, were designed and fabricated as modular units. These configurations were evaluated experimentally for exhaust emission levels and for mechanical integrity. Emissions data were obtained in depth on two of the configurations.

White, D. J.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Marine sediment tolerances for remote sensing of atmospheric aerosols over water

In surveying the literature, it is pointed out that there is a need to quantify the turbidity below which reflectance from the water column is negligible in comparison with atmospheric effects to allow the monitoring of aerosol optical depth over water bodies. Data that partially satisfy this need are presented. Laboratory measurements of reflectance upwelled from the water column are given for mixtures with various types of sediment at wavelengths between 400 and 1600 nm. The results of the study described here are a quantitative endorsement of the recommendations of Morell and Gordon (1980).

Whitlock, C. H.↗
NASA NTRS1983

HL Tauri and its circumstellar disk

New far infrared observations of HL Tau which support the identification of an edge-on disk surrounding the star are presented. A bolometric luminosity for the star of 7.2 solar luminosities and a ratio of infrared to optical luminosity of 630 are indicated. A circumstellar A(V) of about 7.0 mag is produced, consistent with the silicate optical depth to the star. Data on HL Tau's effective temperature and radius and its position on the HR diagram suggest that the star has recently completed its accretion phase and is only 100,000 yr old. The column masses of ice and silicates are combined with the disk dimensions to build a simple model of the disk for comparison with the primitive solar nebula. Estimates of the far-infrared emitting mass provide independent probes of the mass in larger grains around HL Tau.

Cohen, M.↗
NASA NTRS1986

In situ production of terrestrial cosmogenic helium and some applications to geochronology

The concentrations of cosmogenic He-3 have been measured in a series of basaltic drill core samples from Hawaiian volcanoes Haleakala and Mauna Loa. The He-3 concentration in the surface of a radiocarbon dated Mauna Loa flow (20,000 years) gives reasonable agreement with a theoretical production rate of 140 atoms/g/yr, and suggests that the uncertainty in this rate is roughly 10 percent. The results illustrate the feasibility of using He-3 to measure exposure ages of young basaltic lava flows and for measuring erosion rates. Erosion rates calculated from the three Haleakala cores range from 7 to 11 meters/million years. The drill core data demonstrate that accurate depth control is crucial to the use and evaluation of cosmogenic helium. Depth profiles from several of the older cores display a nonexponential depth dependence of He-3(c) below 170 g/sq cm, which is attributed to the contribution from Li-6(n, alpha)T, where the neutrons are from stopped muons. This has important implications for depth dependence of cosmogenic He-3 because muons are weakly attenuated compared to the nucleonic component that produces spallation.

Kurz, Mark D.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Measured space environmental effects to LDEF during retrieval

The Interim Operational Contamination Monitor (IOCM) is an attached shuttle payload to the Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) that was used on 2 earlier flights to quantify the contamination deposited during the course of the missions. The IOCM can characterize by direct measurement the deposition of molecular and particulate contamination during any phase of flight. Also, the IOCM actively measures the optical property changes of thermal control surfaces by calorimetry, the flux of the ambient atomic oxygen environment, the incident solar flux, and the absolute ambient pressure in the payload bay. The IOCM also provides a structure and sample holders for the exposure of passive material samples to the space environment, e.g., thermal cycling, atomic oxygen, and micrometeoroids and/or debris. Some of the more salient results from the flight suggests that the payload bay was slightly contaminated during both the prelaunch phase of the mission and after the deployment of the SYNCOM IV payload. Measurements during the postflight phases, i.e., ferry flight and deintegration processing, show negligible to very low mass deposition. The results of the data are discussed in depth.

Maag, Carl R.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Multiple scattering in wind models of gamma-ray bursts

In wind models of gamma-ray bursts, it has been assumed that soft X-ray photons are scattered only once by relativistic electrons moving away from the star; this assumes that the scattering optical depth is small. Using the observational data from the bursts, we consider three methods for estimating this optical depth: (1) the luminosity of the burst, (2) the ratio of the gamma-ray flux (greater than 10 keV) to X-ray flux (less than 10 keV), and (3) the presence or lack of cyclotron lines. Within the context of the wind models, we find that multiple scattering is likely to be important in the formation of the spectrum in gamma-ray bursts.

Smith, I. A.↗
NASA NTRS1994

Collection development at the NOAA Central Library

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Central Library collection, approximately one million volumes, incorporates the holdings of its predecessor agencies. Within the library, the collections are filed separately, based on their source and/or classification schemes. The NOAA Central Library provides a variety of services to users, ranging from quick reference and interlibrary loan to in-depth research and online data bases.

Quillen, Steve R.↗
NASA NTRS1995

Method To Display Data On A Face Mask

Proposed electronic instrument displays information on diver's or firefighter's face mask. Includes mask, prism, electronic readouts, transceiver and control electronics. Mounted at periphery of diver's field of view to provide data on elapsed time, depth, pressure, and temperature. Provides greater safety and convenience to user.

Moore, Kevin-Duron↗
NASA NTRS1999

GOCART Model Simulated Tropospheric Aerosols and Comparison with Satellite, Sun Photometer, and Field Measurement Data

We present the results of tropospheric sulfate, dust, carbonaceous, and sea salt aerosols simulated in the Goddard Ozone Chemistry Aerosol Radiation and Transport (GOCART) model. Because it is a global model and uses assimilated meteorological data produced by the Goddard Data Assimilation Office, the GOCART model is an ideal tool for global aerosol analysis combining the satellite and in-situ field measurement data. The aerosol optical depth for total aerosols are compared with that retrieved from TOMS and AVHRR remote sensing instruments and from ground-based sun photometer measurements. Individual aerosol concentrations are compared with field measurements at different geographical locations. The distributions of different aerosol types to total aerosol optical depth will be discussed.

Chin, Mian↗
NASA NTRS2008

Scene Context Dependency of Pattern Constancy of Time Series Imagery

A fundamental element of future generic pattern recognition technology is the ability to extract similar patterns for the same scene despite wide ranging extraneous variables, including lighting, turbidity, sensor exposure variations, and signal noise. In the process of demonstrating pattern constancy of this kind for retinex/visual servo (RVS) image enhancement processing, we found that the pattern constancy performance depended somewhat on scene content. Most notably, the scene topography and, in particular, the scale and extent of the topography in an image, affects the pattern constancy the most. This paper will explore these effects in more depth and present experimental data from several time series tests. These results further quantify the impact of topography on pattern constancy. Despite this residual inconstancy, the results of overall pattern constancy testing support the idea that RVS image processing can be a universal front-end for generic visual pattern recognition. While the effects on pattern constancy were significant, the RVS processing still does achieve a high degree of pattern constancy over a wide spectrum of scene content diversity, and wide ranging extraneousness variations in lighting, turbidity, and sensor exposure.

Woodell, Glenn A.↗
NASA NTRS2005

A Climatology of Midlatitude Continental Clouds from the ARM SGP Site: Low-Level Cloud Macrophysical, Microphysical, and Radiative Properties - Part I

A record of single-layer and overcast low cloud (stratus) properties has been generated using approximately 4000 hours of data collected from January 1997 to December 2002 at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Southern Great Plains Central Facility (SCF). The cloud properties include liquid-phase and liquid-dominant, mixed-phase, low cloud macrophysical, microphysical, and radiative properties including cloud-base and -top heights and temperatures, and cloud physical thickness derived from a ground-based radar and lidar pair, and rawinsonde sounding; cloud liquid water path (LWP) and content (LWC), and cloud-droplet effective radius (r(sub e)) and number concentration (N) derived from the macrophysical properties and radiometer data; and cloud optical depth (tau), effective solar transmission (gamma), and cloud/top-of-atmosphere albedos (R(sub cldy)/R(sub TOA)) derived from Eppley precision spectral pyranometer measurements. The cloud properties were analyzed in terms of their seasonal, monthly, and hourly variations. In general, more stratus clouds occur during winter and spring than in summer. Cloud-layer altitudes and physical thicknesses were higher and greater in summer than in winter with averaged physical thicknesses of 0.85 km and 0.73 km for day and night, respectively. The seasonal variations of LWP, LWC, N. tau, R(sub cldy), and R(sub TOA) basically follow the same pattern with maxima and minima during winter and summer, respectively. There is no significant variation in mean r(sub e), however, despite a summertime peak in aerosol loading, Although a considerable degree of variability exists, the 6-yr average values of LWP, LWC, r(sub e), N, tau, gamma, R(sub cldy) and R(sub TOA) are 150 gm(exp -2) (138), 0.245 gm(exp -3) (0.268), 8.7 micrometers (8.5), 213 cm(exp -3) (238), 26.8 (24.8), 0.331, 0.672, 0.563 for daytime (nighttime). A new conceptual model of midlatitude continental low clouds at the ARM SGP site has been developed from this study. The low stratus cloud amount monotonically increases from midnight to early morning (0930 LT), and remains large until around local noon, then declines until 1930 LT when it levels off for the remainder of the night. In the morning, the stratus cloud layer is low, warm, and thick with less LWC, while in the afternoon it is high, cold, and thin with more LWC. Future parts of this series will consider other cloud types and cloud radiative forcing at the ARM SCF.

Dong, Xiquan↗