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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2023

Energy Flexibility-Environmental Outcomes Tradeoffs Workshop Report and Research Roadmap

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and Norway’s Royal Ministry of Petroleum and Energy signed an Annex to a previously signed memorandum of understanding (MOU) in February 2020 to collaborate on hydropower research and development (R&D). This MOU Annex has brought together the DOE’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Water Power Technology Office and the Norwegian Research Center for Hydropower Technology (HydroCen) to plan and coordinate hydropower R&D activities to increase our understanding of hydropower’s role in the future energy grid and how to minimize and mitigate the subsequent environmental impacts. As part of this MOU Annex, hydropower researchers from the U.S. and Norway have come together to conduct collaborative research on hydropower markets and value, hydropower plant capabilities and constraints, monitoring and control technologies, environmental design solutions, environmental impacts and tradeoffs, flexible operation and planning, and technology innovations. This report presents background information on hydropower environmental regulation in the U.S. and Norway and summarizes content and conclusions from this series of two, three-hour workshops on hydropower generation flexibility and environmental outcomes, that included structured discussions used to identify research priorities and collaborative research opportunities.

13 HYDRO ENERGY↗
NASA NTRS2001

National General Aviation Design Competition Project Report

This report summarizes the management of the National General Aviation Design Competition on behalf of NASA, the FAA and the Air Force by the Virginia Space Grant Consortium (VSGC) for the time period October 1, 1999 through September 30, 2000. This was the VSGC's sixth year of managing the Competition, which the Consortium originally designed, developed and implemented for NASA and the FAA. The seventh year of the Competition was announced in July 2000. Awards to winning university teams were presented at a ceremony held at AirVenture 2000, the Experimental Aircraft Association's Annual Convention and Fly-In at Oshkosh, WIS. NASA, FAA and AOPA administrators presented the awards. The competition calls for individuals or teams of undergraduate and graduate students from U.S. engineering schools to participate in a major national effort to rebuild the U.S. general aviation sector. For the purpose of the contest, General aviation aircraft are defined as fixed wing, single or dual engine (turbine or piston), single-pilot aircraft for 2-6 passengers. In addressing design challenges for a small aircraft transportation system, the competition seeks to raise student awareness of the importance of general aviation and to stimulate breakthroughs in technology and their application in the general aviation market. The Competition has two categories: Innovative Design, and Design It, Build It, Fly It. Awards were given in both categories for this reporting year.

Source record↗
DOE OSTI2023

Updates to Hydrogen Market Potential [Slides]

This short presentation provides an update to the 45 minute presentation given to the University of Houston Hydrogen Economy course on August 31, 2022. Since that time, the U.S. National Clean Hydrogen Strategy and Roadmap has been released and its hydrogen demand estimates differ from those in the H2@Scale Technical and Economic Potential Report - presented in 2022. This presentation provides estimates from the Clean Hydrogen Strategy and Roadmap.

08 HYDROGEN↗
DOE OSTI2022

A Novel and Secure Pseudovirus Reporter System Based Assay for Neutralizing and Enhancing Antibody Assay Against Marburg Virus

Marburg virus (MARV) is one of the principal members of the filovirus family, which can cause fatal hemorrhagic fever in humans. There are currently no prophylactic and therapeutic drugs on the market, and the high pathogenicity and infectivity of MARV make its research highly dependent on biosafety level 4 conditions, severely hindering the development of vaccines and therapies. Therefore, the development of medicines, such as MARV serological diagnosis, vaccines, and therapeutic antibody drugs, urgently needs a safe, convenient, and biosafety level 2 detection method to measure the neutralizing activity of MARV antibodies. To this end, we report a neutralization assay relying on a Rabies virus (RABV) reverse genetic operating system. We constructed infectious clones carrying the eGFP reporter gene and the full length of the original unmodified MARV GP gene. Based on the critical parameters of phylogenetic analysis, recombinant viruses targeting representative strains in the two major MARV lineages were successfully rescued. These pseudoviruses are safe in mice, and their inability to infect cells after being neutralized by antibodies can be visualized under a fluorescence microscope. We tested the system using the neutralizing antibody MR191. MR191 can significantly block the infection of BSR cells with pseudovirus. We compared it with the traditional lentivirus-type pseudovirus system to verify the system’s credibility and obtained the same results as reported in the literature. In general, we have established a safe and visualized method for evaluating the neutralizing activity of MARV antibodies. Compared with traditional methods, it has the advantages of convenient operation, short cycle, and low cost. It is a candidate method that can replace actual viruses for a neutralization assay.

Bi, Jinhao↗
DOE OSTI2020

Direct-DC Power in Buildings: Identifying the Best Applications Today for Tomorrow’s Building Sector

Driven by the increased use of direct current (DC) sources (photovoltaics, battery storage) and DC end-use devices (electronics, solid-state lighting, efficient motors), DC power distribution in buildings and DC microgrids have been proposed as a way to achieve greater efficiency, cost savings, and resiliency in a transitioning building sector. Despite these important benefits, several market and technological barriers inhibit the development of DC distribution, and the market for DC in buildings is still largely in the demonstration phase. Therefore, to jumpstart this technology, a clear path forward must emerge at this early stage of deployment. The goal of this paper is to define specific end-use cases for which DC distribution in buildings is a value proposition today by defining clear efficiency and resiliency benefits while addressing barriers to implementation. The paper begins with a technology and market assessment of DC distribution equipment, end uses, and technology standards. That is followed by results from an expert elicitation of DC power and building end-use professionals (e.g., electrical designers, building operators, engineers) and reports on-site visits and lessons learned from successful (and less successful) field deployments of DC distribution projects in North America. We present specific adoption pathways at the community and building level that can be implemented today, and evaluate them using qualitative and quantitative metrics, such as technology and market readiness, energy savings, and resiliency.

building-level electrical distribution↗
DOE OSTI2021

Direct-DC Power in Buildings: Identifying the Best Applications Today for Tomorrow’s Building Sector

Driven by the increased use of direct current (DC) sources (photovoltaics, battery storage) and DC end-use devices (electronics, solid-state lighting, efficient motors), DC power distribution in buildings and DC microgrids have been proposed as a way to achieve greater efficiency, cost savings, and resiliency in a transitioning building sector.Despite these important benefits, several market and technological barriers inhibit the development of DC distribution, and the market for DC in buildings is still largely in the demonstration phase. Therefore, to jumpstart this technology, a clear path forward must emerge at this early stage of deployment. The goal of this paper is to define specific end-use cases for which DC distribution in buildings is a value proposition today by defining clear efficiency and resiliency benefits while addressing barriers to implementation.The paper begins with a technology and market assessment of DC distribution equipment, end uses, and technology standards. That is followed by results from an expert elicitation of DC power and building end-use professionals (e.g., electrical designers, building operators, engineers) and reports on-site visits and lessons learned from successful (and less successful) field deployments of DC distribution projects in North America. We present specific adoption pathways at the community and building level that can be implemented today, and evaluate them using qualitative and quantitative metrics, such as technology and market readiness, energy savings, and resiliency.

Vossos, Evangelos↗
DOE OSTI2026

Interregional Transmission Operational Coordination (IRTOC)

This report presents a modeling and evaluation framework developed through the Inter-Regional Transmission Operational Coordination (IRTOC) project to study market-to-market (M2M) congestion management across day-ahead and real-time markets. The framework extends the Sienna platform through Sienna Decomposition, a multi-stage evaluation architecture that enables flexible representation of multiple regions and systematic assessment of alternative market coordination designs. Additional modeling capabilities include reserve deliverability constraints, High-Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) optimization for Alternating Current (AC) congestion management, and several real-time distributed coordination algorithms. Case studies using the RTS-GMLC test system and a large-scale Eastern Interconnection model demonstrate that the framework can evaluate alternative coordination structures and quantify their economic and operational impacts. The proposed framework provides a scalable platform for analyzing inter-regional coordination strategies in large-scale electricity markets.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
NASA NTRS1989

Design of a spanloader cargo aircraft

With a growing demand for fast international freight service, the slow-moving cargo ships currently in use will soon find a substantial portion of their clients looking elsewhere. One candidate for filling this expected gap in the freight market is a span-loading aircraft (or 'flying wing') capable of long-range operation with extremely large payloads. This report summarizes the design features of an aircraft capable of fulfilling a long-haul, high-capacity cargo mission. The spanloader seeks to gain advantage over conventional aircraft by eliminating the aircraft fuselage and thus reducing empty weight. The primary disadvantage of this configuration is that the cargo-containing wing tends to be thick, thus posing a challenge to the airfoil designer. It also suffers from stability and control problems not encountered by conventional aircraft. The result is an interesting, challenging exercise in unconventional design. The report that follows is a student written synopsis of an effort judged to be the best of eight designs developed during the year 1988-1989.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS2010

Portable Diagnostics Technology Assessment for Space Missions: General Technology Capabilities for NASA Exploration Missions - Part 1

The changes in the scope of NASA s mission in the coming decade are profound and demand nimble, yet insightful, responses. On-board clinical and environmental diagnostics must be available for both mid-term lunar and long-term Mars exploration missions in an environment marked by scarce resources. Miniaturization has become an obvious focus. Despite solid achievements in lab-based devices, broad-based, robust tools for application in the field are not yet on the market. The confluence of rapid, wide-ranging technology evolution and internal planning needs are the impetus behind this work. This report presents an analytical tool for the ongoing evaluation of promising technology platforms based on mission- and application-specific attributes. It is not meant to assess specific devices, but rather to provide objective guidelines for a rational down-select of general categories of technology platforms. In this study, we have employed our expertise in the microgravity operation of fluidic devices, laboratory diagnostics for space applications, and terrestrial research in biochip development. A rating of the current state of technology development is presented using the present tool. Two mission scenarios are also investigated: a 30-day lunar mission using proven, tested technology in 5 years; and a 2- to 3-year mission to Mars in 10 to 15 years.

Nelson, Emily S.↗
DOE OSTI2026

The State of the U.S. Voluntary Power Market (2024 Data)

NLR has tracked the voluntary power market since its inception in the 1990s to help corporate purchasers, utilities, and others selling renewable energy products understand available renewable options and move renewable energy forward. As a part of this report we publish a slide deck, a datebook, a Top 10 utilities and CCA list, and the report.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2022

The Role of Innovation in the Electric Utility Sector

Innovation is essential for future power systems to be safe and secure, clean and sustainable, affordable and equitable, and reliable and resilient, according to a recent National Academies report. But state regulatory reforms are needed to encourage adoption of new technologies to support evolution of the nation’s power systems.1 Berkeley Lab's report, The Role of Innovation in the Electric Utility Sector, provides consumer, labor, utility, third-party provider, and clean technology consultant perspectives on this theme. To achieve state targets for clean energy and greenhouse gas emissions, some state regulatory utility commissions are exploring new approaches to spur innovation: -For utilities, regulatory and marketing flexibility, increased funding for demonstration projects, and performance-based ratemaking including multi-year rate plans -For third parties, ways to provide utility customers with innovative products and services directly Among the questions the report addresses: 1. How are consumer advocate views evolving with respect to innovative regulatory and ratemaking approaches? 2. How can utility decarbonization and grid modernization initiatives provide opportunities for local communities and workers to receive tangible benefits and facilitate community support for siting electricity infrastructure? 3. How are electric utilities partnering with technology companies to provide innovative energy management services and sustainable energy solutions for utility customers? 4. What regulatory innovations are public utility commissions exploring to enable third-party providers to participate in the transition to a modern electric system? 5. What regulatory changes are needed to enable innovative solutions from utilities and third parties at the necessary speed and scale to meet state decarbonization goals? The report is the 13th in the Future Electric Utility Regulation series, which taps leading thinkers to tackle complex regulatory issues for electricity. 1 National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. The Future of Electric Power in the United States. The National Academies Press.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2024

Design and Prototyping of Advanced Control Systems for Advanced Reactors Operating in the Future Electric Grid (Final Report)

Despite its significant advantages as a baseload, low-carbon energy source, the U.S. nuclear power industry has faced increasing difficulties in maintaining economic competitiveness in a rapidly evolving energy market. The economic conditions faced by the current fleet of nuclear power plants (NPPs) in the U.S. deregulated electricity market require a concerted effort to mitigate specific cost factors. Many units are struggling to stay competitive, and some premature shutdowns have occurred. Besides, in response to the large penetration of renewable energy sources, the role of nuclear power plants as pure baseload units needs to be reconsidered. Based on these experiences, operational flexibility is considered a fundamental requirement for the next generation of nuclear reactors to be competitive in the future energy market. The deployment of advanced reactors capable of operating within a new power grid paradigm, known as the Integrated Energy System (IES) was investigated. This approach combines new reactor designs with Thermal Energy Storage (TES) technologies, allowing the nuclear reactor to maintain a steady power output without the need for constant adjustments in response to load demand fluctuations. With this configuration, the reactor operates as a baseload unit, experiencing only very gradual power transients, while the energy storage facility within the power conversion cycle acts as a peaking unit.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗
NASA NTRS1979

Photovoltaics in the U.S.A. - A progress report

The Federal Photovoltaics Program is reviewed with reference to price goals, program organization, technical developments, and various applications. The immediate goals of the program are: (1) to develop the Federal market by encouraging Government agencies to incorporate photovoltaic systems, and (2) to provide marketing support to commercial solar cell and system manufacturers whose growth is crucial to the ultimate success of the photovoltaic program. The program will initially provide for procurement of the smaller remote types of systems and will be broadened to include residential and intermediate load systems.

Forney, R. G.↗
DOE OSTI2026

Clean Cities and Communities Partnership 2024 Activity Report

Clean Cities and Communities (CC&C) is a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) partnership that fosters collaboration and innovation to advance transportation energy choices nationwide. More than 75 DOE-designated CC&C coalitions work in urban, suburban, and rural areas to deliver objective technical expertise based on a unique understanding of local markets. As partners with DOE's Transportation Technologies Office (TTO), coalitions build bridges between national priorities and local needs to create transportation energy systems that are affordable, reliable, and secure. Together, coalitions create compounding impacts nationwide that support locally driven energy choices and benefit regional economic development and job growth. This report summarizes the success and impact of partnership activities based on data and information provided in their annual reports.

2024↗
NASA NTRS1982

Stirling Laboratory Research Engine: Preprototype configuration report

The concept of a simple Stirling research engine that could be used by industrial, university, and government laboratories was studied. The conceptual and final designs, hardware fabrication and the experimental validation of a preprototype stirling laboratory research engine (SLRE) were completed. Also completed was a task to identify the potential markets for research engines of this type. An analytical effort was conducted to provide a stirling cycle computer model. The versatile engine is a horizontally opposed, two piston, single acting stirling engine with a split crankshaft drive mechanism; special instrumentation is installed at all component interfaces. Results of a thermodynamic energy balance for the system are reported. Also included are the engine performance results obtained over a range of speeds, working pressures, phase angles and gas temperatures. The potential for a stirling research engine to support the laboratory requirements of educators and researchers was demonstrated.

Hoehn, F. W.↗
DOE OSTI2025

Analysis of Hydrogen Supply Chain Readiness in Selected Indo-Pacific Countries

This report explores the low-carbon hydrogen production and procurement targets of Indo-Pacific Economic Framework for Prosperity (IPEF) countries, highlighting key cost and infrastructure considerations. By 2030, production costs are targeted between US$\$$1.4-4.8/kg-H2, with procurement prices at US$\$$2.3/kg-H2, narrowing further by 2050. Midstream costs, including storage and transportation, are critical to meeting these targets and enabling hydrogen trade. The report discusses challenges such as infrastructure readiness, regulatory frameworks, and the need for improved data reporting. It emphasizes the importance of tax incentives, research investments, and port readiness to support the growth of low-carbon hydrogen markets in the region.

08 HYDROGEN↗
NASA NTRS1984

Rural land mobile radio market assessment and satellite and terrestrial system concepts

The market for satellite-based mobile radio in the rural U.S. is evaluated, summarizing the results of two NASA-funded studies reported by Anderson et al. and Hornstein. The study aims are listed, and the results are presented in tables, graphs, and maps and discussed. Space systems are found to be competitive with land-based systems, providing superior service at lower subscriber charges, but having limited compatibility with urban cellular mobile-radio systems. Of the three system concepts evaluated from a technological standpoint (direct-to-mobile, mobile-translator, and hybrid), the mobile-translator concept is considered most cost effective, at least within the constraints assumed in the study.

Stevenson, S.↗
NASA NTRS1996

Space-Based Information Infrastructure Architecture for Broadband Services

This study addressed four tasks: (1) identify satellite-addressable information infrastructure markets; (2) perform network analysis for space-based information infrastructure; (3) develop conceptual architectures; and (4) economic assessment of architectures. The report concludes that satellites will have a major role in the national and global information infrastructure, requiring seamless integration between terrestrial and satellite networks. The proposed LEO, MEO, and GEO satellite systems have satellite characteristics that vary widely. They include delay, delay variations, poorer link quality and beam/satellite handover. The barriers against seamless interoperability between satellite and terrestrial networks are discussed. These barriers are the lack of compatible parameters, standards and protocols, which are presently being evaluated and reduced.

Price, Kent M.↗