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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 469 records · Page 26
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2015

Python GST Implementation v. 0.9 beta

PyGSTi is an implementation of Gate Set Tomography in the python programming language. Gate Set Tomography (GST) is a theory and protocol for simultaneously estimating the state preparation, gate operations, and measurement effects of a physical system of one or many quantum bits (qubits). These estimates are based entirely on the statistics of experimental measurements, and their interpretation and analysis can provide a detailed understanding of the types of errors/imperfections in the physical system. In this way, GST provides not only a means of certifying the "goodness" of qubits but also a means of debugging (i.e. improving) them.

Nielsen, Erik↗
DOE OSTI2016

Improving User Notification on Frequently Changing HPC Environments

Today s HPC centers user environments can be very complex. Centers often contain multiple large complicated computational systems each with their own user environment. Changes to a system s environment can be very impactful; however, a center s user environment is, in one-way or another, frequently changing. Because of this, it is vital for centers to notify users of change. For users, untracked changes can be costly, resulting in unnecessary debug time as well as wasting valuable compute allocations and research time. Communicating frequent change to diverse user communities is a common and ongoing task for HPC centers. This paper will cover the OLCF s current processes and methods used to communicate change to users of the center s large Cray systems and supporting resources. The paper will share lessons learned and goals as well as practices, tools, and methods used to continually improve and reach members of the OLCF user community.

communication↗
DOE OSTI2016

Noise Inject Agent Tool

NINJA is a utility tool that quickly manifests message race bugs for debugging MPI applications

Sato, Kento↗
DOE OSTI2017

Stack Trace Ahalysis Tool

STAT is a light weight debugging tool that gathers and merges stack traces from all of the processes in a parallel application. STAT uses the MRNet tree based overlay network to broadcast commands from the tool front-end to the STAT daemons and for the front-end to gather the traces from the STAT daemons. As the traces propagate through the MRNet network tree, they are merged across all tasks to form a similar function call patterns and to delineate a small set of equivalence classes. A representative task from each of these classes can then be fed into a full feature debugger like TolalView for root cause analysis.

Lee, Gregory L.↗
DOE OSTI2017

Build and Execute Environment

At exascale, the challenge becomes to develop applications that run at scale and use exascale platforms reliably, efficiently, and flexibly. Workflows become much more complex because they must seamlessly integrate simulation and data analytics. They must include down-sampling, post-processing, feature extraction, and visualization. Power and data transfer limitations require these analysis tasks to be run in-situ or in-transit. We expect successful workflows will comprise multiple linked simulations along with tens of analysis routines. Users will have limited development time at scale and, therefore, must have rich tools to develop, debug, test, and deploy applications. At this scale, successful workflows will compose linked computations from an assortment of reliable, well-defined computation elements, ones that can come and go as required, based on the needs of the workflow over time. We propose a novel framework that utilizes both virtual machines (VMs) and software containers to create a workflow system that establishes a uniform build and execution environment (BEE) beyond the capabilities of current systems. In this environment, applications will run reliably and repeatably across heterogeneous hardware and software. Containers, both commercial (Docker and Rocket) and open-source (LXC and LXD), define a runtime that isolates all software dependencies from the machine operating system. Workflows may contain multiple containers that run different operating systems, different software, and even different versions of the same software. We will run containers in open-source virtual machines (KVM) and emulators (QEMU) so that workflows run on any machine entirely in user-space. On this platform of containers and virtual machines, we will deliver workflow software that provides services, including repeatable execution, provenance, checkpointing, and future proofing. We will capture provenance about how containers were launched and how they interact to annotate workflows for repeatable and partial re-execution. We will coordinate the physical snapshots of virtual machines with parallel programming constructs, such as barriers, to automate checkpoint and restart. We will also integrate with HPC-specific container runtimes to gain access to accelerators and other specialized hardware to preserve native performance. Containers will link development to continuous integration. When application developers check code in, it will automatically be tested on a suite of different software and hardware architectures.

Guan, Qiang↗
DOE OSTI2017

ArrayBridge: Interweaving declarative array processing with high-performance computing

Scientists are increasingly turning to datacenter-scale computers to produce and analyze massive arrays. Despite decades of database research that extols the virtues of declarative query processing, scientists still write, debug and parallelize imperative HPC kernels even for the most mundane queries. This impedance mismatch has been partly attributed to the cumbersome data loading process; in response, the database community has proposed in situ mechanisms to access data in scientific file formats. Scientists, however, desire more than a passive access method that reads arrays from files. This paper describes ArrayBridge, a bi-directional array view mechanism for scientific file formats, that aims to make declarative array manipulations interoperable with imperative file-centric analyses. Our prototype implementation of ArrayBridge uses HDF5 as the underlying array storage library and seamlessly integrates into the SciDB open-source array database system. In addition to fast querying over external array objects, ArrayBridge produces arrays in the HDF5 file format just as easily as it can read from it. ArrayBridge also supports time travel queries from imperative kernels through the unmodified HDF5 API, and automatically deduplicates between array versions for space efficiency. Our extensive performance evaluation in NERSC, a large-scale scientific computing facility, shows that ArrayBridge exhibits statistically indistinguishable performance and I/O scalability to the native SciDB storage engine.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2017

Visualization for Classification in Deep Neural Networks

Recently, the techniques based on Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have achieved a great performance in classification tasks in a wide range of applications, such as image recognition and natural language processing. However, DNN developers face a lot of trial and error during the development process and spend their efforts in debugging their network model through analyzing and understanding the classification results. As such, tools are needed that help the developers not only understand the results, but also suggest the ways to improve their model. In this paper, we propose a visual analytics tool for visualizing the classification results during the iterative development pipeline of a DNN model. Our tool enables exploring the classification results from any type of neural network models, identifying misclassified samples, examining the predicted score distributions of samples, and showing how the outcomes progressively change during the training process.

Chae, Junghoon↗
DOE OSTI2018

INL HPC Overview and CASL Computing Collaboration

October 2019 – INL is increasing the upper limit on Falcon’s high priority “dedicated” CASL queue to 10,000 cores January 2019 – INL will give CASL early-access to the Lemhi system for MAMBA calibration work. The system will likely still be in commission/test mode (subject to reconfiguration/reboots). This early-access to Lemhi should support the required MAMBA calibration runs FY19 -- INL will provide proactive user support for CASL users/jobs and code debugging. INL will specifically focus on helping industry users getting access to Falcon and running their jobs. FY19 CASL costs = $500k vs. $1.2M for a purchased dedicated machine.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Women in Science: Fermilab Scientific Computing Specialist Krista Majewski

With February 11 marking the International Day of Women and Girls in Science, female physicists, engineers and computer scientists from CERN and Fermilab share their experiences of building careers in science. Krista Majewski came to Fermilab nine years ago as a software developer and now works in an operations role. She is a computing services specialist and part of the grid and cloud operations group, which manages computing clusters for the CMS experiment and other intensity frontier experiments at the lab. "My typical day would be maintaining the services that our group is responsible for and the machines that they run on. So if there are problems with a computing cluster where a user can't run their jobs, or they're trying to run on resources on the grid and they're unable to, then our group would be responsible for helping debug some of those issues," Krista says. Her path to programming at Fermilab has been winding. After receiving a degree in biomedical engineering, she went to work doing web development and programming for a large consulting firm, then moved to the financial industry. But programming called her back, and she earned a master's degree in computer science to start her new career. For Krista, programming is similar to something she enjoyed as child: solving puzzles. "I think it's a skill that you use in a lot of different ways," she says. Credits: Video production - Fermilab Creative Services Music Copyright: Universal Production Music Astral Light Chevalier Idea originally conceived by Tanya Levshina, Fermilab and Maria Dimou, CERN.

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
DOE OSTI2014

Validation of a Monte Carlo model for the MLC-Elekta Precise with MCNP6 - Paper 76

Cancer treatment using radiotherapy techniques needs an accurate prediction of the dose delivered to the patient at each position. Treatment planning systems (TPS) allow the optimization of the dose delivered to the tumor volume while minimizing the dose absorbed by the surrounding healthy tissue. Commercial treatment planning systems use empirical deterministic algorithms that do not correctly estimate the dose in the surroundings of heterogeneities. This lack of accuracy is taken into account as bigger security margins in the treatment, reducing the potential effect of the treatment. However, Monte Carlo (MC) simulation techniques have proved to predict the dose distribution more accurately and also representing experimental data better. Nevertheless, the clinical application of these techniques has been limited by the long calculation times they require. As high performance computers decrease in cost MC simulations become more feasible to be used in TPS. The present work improves a simplified model of the MLC-Elekta Precise linear accelerator (linac or unit from now on) previously developed and correctly validated by the group. A multileaf collimator (MLC) has been modelled according to the manufacturer specifications and added to the previous model to allow higher conformity in the studies. The full geometry has been entered to the MCNP6 Monte Carlo code to simulate the transport of particles through the linac. The geometry also includes a cubic water phantom for dosimetry studies and validation with experimental data. The experimental data employed for the dose distribution comparison has been measured at the linac from the linac Hospital Universitari Clinic de Valencia (Spain). Additionally, particles are stored in a phase space surface before their entrance in the water to be analyzed and for performance optimization. Given the results presented, we conclude that this first approach to validate a model of the Elekta Precise linac from the Hospital Cl nic Universitari de Valancia represents well the depth-dose distribution, but fails at representing the dose profiles. It has been shown that they predict too much penumbra, probably caused by the filtration between the leaves. In order to solve this problems, further work is needed to improve the simulated model. This work will mainly focus on the multileaf collimator. Also, the codes developed by the group to analyze phase space files produced by MCNP6 have proven highly useful. As work progress and the codes are debugged, they will be published so that the community can take advantage of them.

61 RADIATION PROTECTION AND DOSIMETRY↗
DOE OSTI2015

SFDS: The criticality assembly for the experimental research of the nuclear spent fuel dissolver in CIAE - 14401

SFDS is the criticality assembly for the experimental research of the spent fuel dissolver in China Institute of Atomic Energy. The spent fuel dissolver, as the bottleneck of spent fuel reprocessing, has so many characteristics such as the dynamic changes, heterogeneous distribution, complex compositions that it is hard to analysis by theoretical method. Without enough experiments, clear bias and uncertainty of the analysis tools the handling limits for criticality safety in dissolver can't be determined. The SFDS, physical designed by MONK 9A code, uses two kinds of nuclear fuels, 3% enrichment solid UO{sub 2} rods and 5.5% enrichment UO{sub 2}(NO{sub 3}){sub 2} solution, will meet the demand of the critical experiments about the dissolvers. Seven series of critical experiments will be present on it, those are on pitches of rods, uranium concentrations of solutions, nitric acid concentrations of solutions, fission products, void fractions, temperatures and dissolve phases. More kinds of experiments could be introduced with the flexible structures of SFDS in the future. The current work on it are testing and debugging with full systems by water and it will be first critical later in 2015. It will become the first benchmark assembly for critical experiments research in the nuclear fuel cycle system in China. (authors)

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Advancing \textit{otsdaq}: Enhancements for Usability, Accuracy, and Robustness

High-energy physics (HEP) experiments require data acquisition (DAQ) systems that can orchestrate complex detector operations, high data throughput, and responsive, real-time feedback to operators. Traditional DAQ stacks, which are often bespoke, command-line driven and highly specific, impose large learning curves on users. The Off-The-Shelf Data Acquisition (\textit{otsdaq}) framework was created to address these issues by offering a highly customizable and scalable browser-based ’desktop’ environment, in which experiment-specific control and monitoring applications can be easily deployed and integrated. Although the initial development of the \textit{otsdaq} software was aimed at the Fermilab Test Beam Facility, \textit{otsdaq} is now being leveraged for broader deployment, including the upcoming Mu2e experiment, where real-time monitoring of field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based Data Transfer Controllers (DTCs), Clock and Fanout (CFO) boards, and several other subsystems are critical. We contribute a set of targeted improvements to \textit{otsdaq}: bitmap visualization functionality for configured data, improved and corrected delta-based DTC throughput metrics, version control (VC)-backed source navigation for console messages, custom navigation hooks to eliminate disruptive user interface glitches, and copy-to-clipboard support for macro execution history. These changes improve usability, reduce debugging time, and increase accuracy in performance data as Mu2e moves toward commissioning.

Mohammed, A. [Unlisted, US]↗
DOE OSTI2026

A Graphical User Interface for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment Robotic Test Stand

In preparation for DUNE, Fermilab along with six other institutions are testing cold electronics for quality control before components placed in the far detector. We test them by using a robotic arm that places these chips into sockets on a computer board that will test their functionality. Up until now, the chips have been tested using a command line script that drives a state machine to conduct tests step-by-step. In order to lower the skill barrier to conduct tests and to speed up the quality control process, I was tasked to create a graphical user interface that would allow users to use buttons, text boxes, and drop-down menus to input information and tell the testing state machine how to operate. I had to learn about the Python package Tkinter to start the process of widget placement. I further developed a pause feature unused in the previous command line script that would allow the user to shut down testing gracefully, bring the robotic arm to go back to ground state, and go forward or backward a step in the testing process. After completing the basic functionality of the GUI, I started testing production chips with the GUI to debug. Some issues were found, which required me to further develop parts of the inherited state machine code. The code for the GUI has now been pushed into the copy the DUNE/FD_CE git repository and will soon be merged with the official DUNE/FD_CE repository so that the other institutions testing DUNE cold electronics can use and expand upon it.

Gutierrez Villanueva, Jaziel [Fermilab]↗
DOE OSTI2024

Performance on HPC Platforms Is Possible Without C++

Computing at large scales has become extremely challenging due to increasing heterogeneity in both hardware and software. More and more scientific workflows must tackle a range of scales and use machine learning and AI intertwined with more traditional numerical modeling methods, placing more demands on computational platforms. These constraints indicate a need to fundamentally rethink the way computational science is done and the tools that are needed to enable these complex workflows. The current set of C++-based solutions may not suffice, and relying exclusively upon C++ may not be the best option, especially because several newer languages and boutique solutions offer more robust design features to tackle the challenges of heterogeneity. In June 2023, we held a mini symposium that explored the use of newer languages and heterogeneity solutions that are not tied to C++ and that offer options beyond template metaprogramming and Parallel. For for performance and portability. In conclusion, we describe some of the presentations and discussion from the mini symposium in this article.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2020

FAUST - Benchmark and Validation Framework [Slides]

This presentation discusses Python packages for nuclear data applications and for benchmarking. It also discusses the goals and objectives for FAUST which include providing input and output processing for different calculation codes, allowing for exchanging results between different applications and codes, running benchmarks and processing the results, automating and simplify plot and report generation, and providing a basis for developing applications useful for nuclear data evaluators. The presentation also discusses how the packages can be used both inside and outside LANL.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗