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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Brushless direct-current motor with stationary armature and field
Electronically commutated dc motor has an active fixed field winding, and active fixed armature winding, and passive rotor. By use of brushless dc motor switching technique, motor provides continuous controllable and reversible torque without use of sliding contacts.
High speed low level electrical stepping switch Patent
High speed low level voltage commutating switch
Quantum cosmology. I
Hamiltonian methods applied to homogeneous cosmological models, obtaining Einstein equations, passing to quantum theory by imposing canonical commutation relations
A new notion of semicharacters
Semigroup B, uniquely divisible range space for compact divisible commutative semigroups
Study of aircraft in intraurban transportation systems, San Francisco Bay area
The nine-county San Francisco Bay area is examined in two time periods (1975-1980 and 1985-1990) as a scenario for analyzing the characteristics of an intraurban, commuter-oriented aircraft transportation system. Aircraft have dominated the long-haul passenger market for some time, but efforts to penetrate the very-short-haul intraurban market have met with only token success. Yet, the characteristics of an aircraft transportation system-speed and flexibility-are very much needed to solve the transportation ills of our major urban areas. This study attempts to determine if the aircraft can contribute toward solving the transportation problems of major metropolitan areas and be economically viable in such an environment.
The application of signal detection theory to optics
The restoration of images focused on a photosensitive surface is treated from the standpoint of maximum likelihood estimation, taking into account the Poisson distributions of the observed data, which are the numbers of photoelectrons from various elements of the surface. A detector of an image focused on such a surface utilizes a certain linear combination of those numbers as the optimum detection statistic. Methods for calculating the false alarm and detection probabilities are proposed. It is shown that measuring noncommuting observables in an ideal quantum receiver cannot yield a lower Bayes cost than that attainable by a system measuring only commuting observables.
Noncommuting observables in quantum detection and estimation theory
In quantum detection theory, the optimum detection operators must commute; admitting simultaneous approximate measurement of noncommuting observables cannot yield a lower Bayes cost. In addition, the lower bounds on mean square errors of parameter estimates, predicted by the quantum mechanical Cramer-Rao inequality, cannot be reduced by such means.
Noncommunting observables in quantum detection and estimation theory
In quantum detection theory the optimum detection operators must commute; admitting simultaneous approximate measurement of noncommuting observables cannot yield a lower Bayes cost. The lower bounds on mean square errors of parameter estimates predicted by the quantum-mechanical Cramer-Rao inequality can also not be reduced by such means.
Development of a space qualified high reliability rotary actuator. Volume 1: Technical report
A space-qualified, high reliability, 150 ft-lb rated torque rotary acutator based on the Bendix Dynavector drive concept was developed. This drive is an integrated variable reluctance orbit motor-epicyclic transmission actuator. The performance goals were based on future control moment gyro torquer applications and represent a significant advancement in the torque-to-weight ratio, backlash, inertia and response characteristics of electric rotary drives. The program accomplishments have been in two areas: (1) the development of two high ratio (818:1) actuator configurations (breadboard and flightweight), and (2) the invention of a reliable proximity switch sensor system for self-commutation without use of optical or electrical brush techniques.
Development of a space qualified high reliability rotary actuator for spaceflight use. Volume 2: Appendices to technical report
A space-qualified, high reliability, 150 ft-lb rated torque rotary actuator is described. This drive is an integrated variable reluctance orbit motor-epicyclic transmission actuator. The performance goals were based on future control moment gyrotorquer applications and represent an advancement in the torque-to-weight ratio, backlash, inertia and response characteristics of electric rotary drives. The program accomplishments have been in two areas (1) the development of two high ratio (818:1) actuator configurations (breadboard and flightweight) and (2) the invention of a reliable proximity switch sensor system for self-commutation without use of optical or electrical brush techniques.
On the Poincare noninvariance of a recent alternative to the Dirac equation.
Explicit construction of the infinitesimal generators of the Poincare group, demonstrating that the algebra of commutators closes only for the case of zero mass. Hence, the so-called Stigma equation proposed by Biedenharn et al. (1971) as an alternative to the Dirac equation (1928) for spin one-half, finite mass particles is not Poincare invariant except when the leptonic mass is zero.
Vanishing of dipole matrix elements at level crossings.
Demonstration that the vanishing of certain coupling matrix elements at level crossings follow from angular momentum commutation relations. A magnetic dipole transition having delta M = plus or minus 1, induced near a crossing of the levels in a nonzero magnetic field, is found to have a dipole matrix element comparable to or smaller than the quotient of the level separation and the field. This result also applies in the analogous electric field electric dipole case.
External impacts of an intraurban air transportation system in the San Francisco Bay area
The effects are studied of an intraurban V/STOL commuter system on the economic, social, and physical environment of the San Francisco Bay Area. The Bay Area was chosen mainly for a case study; the real intent of the analysis is to develop methods by which the effects of such a system could be evaluated for any community. Aspects of the community life affected include: income and employment, benefits and costs, noise, air pollution, and road congestion.
The resolution of point sources of light as analyzed by quantum detection theory
The resolvability of point sources of incoherent light is analyzed by quantum detection theory in terms of two hypothesis-testing problems. In the first, the observer must decide whether there are two sources of equal radiant power at given locations, or whether there is only one source of twice the power located midway between them. In the second problem, either one, but not both, of two point sources is radiating, and the observer must decide which it is. The decisions are based on optimum processing of the electromagnetic field at the aperture of an optical instrument. In both problems the density operators of the field under the two hypotheses do not commute. The error probabilities, determined as functions of the separation of the points and the mean number of received photons, characterize the ultimate resolvability of the sources.
Noncommuting observables in quantum detection and estimation theory
Basing decisions and estimates on simultaneous approximate measurements of noncommuting observables in a quantum receiver is shown to be equivalent to measuring commuting projection operators on a larger Hilbert space than that of the receiver itself. The quantum-mechanical Cramer-Rao inequalities derived from right logarithmic derivatives and symmetrized logarithmic derivatives of the density operator are compared, and it is shown that the latter give superior lower bounds on the error variances of individual unbiased estimates of arrival time and carrier frequency of a coherent signal. For a suitably weighted sum of the error variances of simultaneous estimates of these, the former yield the superior lower bound under some conditions.
Powerplexer
An electrical power distribution system is described for use in providing different dc voltage levels. A circuit is supplied with DC voltage levels and commutates pulses for timed intervals onto a pair of distribution wires. The circuit is driven by a command generator which places pulses on the wires in a timed sequence. The pair of wires extend to voltage strippers connected to the various loads. The voltage strippers each respond to the pulse dc levels on the pair of wires and form different output voltages communicated to each load.
Minisuperspace.
The model universe in which a Klein-Gordon type equation was first studied is reviewed, as well as a Hamiltonian statement of the corresponding classical problem of solving Einstein's equation. Developments are generalized to a minisuperspace with a nondiagonal metric in place of an appropriate wave equation, in which case minisuperspace is no longer flat. The basic commutation relations for quantization in this curved space are then related to its Killing vectors.