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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 487 records · Page 27
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2014

Experimental Findings on Minor Actinide and Lanthanide Separations using Ion Exchange

During FY14, experimental work focused in the following areas: (1) synthesis, characterization and testing of ion-exchange materials and (2) investigating methods to oxidize americium(III) in dilute nitric acid using peroxydisulfate. Ion-exchange materials tested at SRNL included antimony silicates. Inorganic and hybrid ion-exchange materials tested previously in this project are limited to a pH of about 2. In more concentrated acid solutions, the ion-exchange material is chemically unstable or exhibits poor ion-exchange performance for metal ions. FY14 research focused on testing antimony silicates, which had been reported to exhibit good ion-exchange in 0.2 – 1.0 M nitric acid and some ion-exchange capacity in as high as 3 M nitric acid. Performance testing of archived antimony silicate samples from Prof. R. Harjula (U. Helsinki) and freshly prepared samples showed very low affinity for lanthanide ions in 0.1, 1.0 and 3.0 M nitric acid. Tests carried out in FY14 continued work initiated the previous year to understand the effects that Pu(IV) and nitrite have on the oxidation of Am(III) by peroxydisulfate. Findings indicate that both Pu(IV) and nitrite are oxidized by peroxydisulfate. Consequently, an excess of peroxydisulfate is needed to maximize the conversion of Am(III) to Am(V).

Hobbs, D. T.↗
DOE OSTI2013

2013 Actinide Separation Conference Presentations on Minor Actinide Separations by SRNL Participants [Slides]

Attached are copies of the presentations that will be given by Savannah River National Laboratory participants at the 37th Actinide Separations Conference in Spokane, Washington on June 24 – 27, 2013. This document represents the deliverable for milestone M4FT-13SR0303062, Prepare and present two papers on ion exchange separations at the 2013 Actinide Separations conference. Note that the completion of the milestone was delayed due to the rescheduling of the conference from late May 2013 to late June 2013.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2016

The anatomy of the minority carrier - atomic cluster interaction in semiconductors

This project was to use light ion beam induced charge (IBIC) to detect damage cascades generated by a single heavy ion, and thereby reveal details of the shape of the cascade and the physics of recombination of carriers that interact with the cluster. Further IBIC measurements using the hardware and software of this project will improve the accuracy of theoretical models used to predict electrical degradation in devices exposed to radiation environments. In addition, future use of light ion IBIC detection of single ion-induced damage could be used to locate single ion implantation sites in quantum computing applications. This project used Sandia's Pelletron and nanoImplanter (nI) to produce heavy ion-induced collision cascades in p-n diodes, simulating cascades made by primary knock-on atoms recoiled by neutrons. Si and Li beams from the nI were used to perform highly focused scans generating IBIC signal maps where regions of lower charge collection efficiency were observed without incurring further damage. The very first use of ion channeled beams for IBIC was explored to maximize ionization, improve contrast and provide very straight line trajectories to improve lateral resolution.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2015

Effect of Minor Components on Salt Formation

In work supported by ORP over the past several years, VSL has collected extensive data on LAW glass formulations to increase sulfate and sodium loadings, which are the major waste loading limiting components in LAW. However, there are insufficient data to define acceptable sulfate loadings in LAW glasses in the presence of variable amounts of components such as Cl, F, P and Cr. The present work focused: a) on collecting data on acceptable sulfate loading in the presence of varying amounts of halides (Cl, F) and a fixed amount of Cr; and b) studying the effect of phosphorous on salt formation.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2024

Evaluations for Nuclear Criticality Safety Program 12 C, 139 La, minor actinides, 235 U [Slides]

For light nuclei, preliminary work extends the evaluation from 6.5 MeV to ~ 10 MeV. For 139 La, the team delivered full evaluation in fast region to ORNL, including covariances. For sup>235 U, RPI data simulations, the team performed simulations and showed some improvement for neutrons below 5 MeV. Some of the changes needed for more improvement might not be supported by the current format. Some of the changes above 12 MeV to account for the angular distribution of preequilibrium neutrons require a change in the PFNS evaluation procedure.

235U re-evaluation↗
DOE OSTI2025

Regional Training Program: Promoting Undergraduate Minority Persistence in Nuclear Physics (RTP: PUMP-NP)

A total of two cohorts of research experience were conducted under this grant. The first year of the program in which a cohort of six students were recruited from three Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs). These students travelled to Durham, NC in summer to participate in this program. Prior to their arrival, the students participated in an orientation in which they selected from a choice of topics for summer research and were paired up with mentors from Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL). The participants of the program were integrated with the larger cohort of summer students who had arrived at TUNL as part of other programs, such as the Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU).

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2026

Novel additive manufacturing for plasma facing materials ‐ creating a research pathway for minority students

This project addresses two critical and intertwined challenges in fusion energy, namely the shortage of a broadly trained scientific workforce and the lack of scalable manufacturing solutions for plasma-facing components (PFCs). Through a collaboration among Florida International University (FIU), Miami Dade College (MDC), and Purdue University, the project established structured, reproducible educational and research pathways that recruit and advance students from institutions historically outside the fusion energy enterprise, building the human capital that this field urgently needs. The project integrates the complementary research strengths of FIU and Purdue to investigate flash sintering as a transformative processing route for tungsten-based PFCs. Unlike conventional sintering approaches, flash sintering offers rapid densification at significantly reduced thermal budgets, making it a compelling candidate for fabricating complex tungsten geometries that must withstand extreme plasma-facing environments. Systematic experimental and modeling efforts will elucidate the fundamental mechanisms governing microstructure evolution, grain boundary chemistry, and thermomechanical response during flash sintering — knowledge that is presently lacking but essential for translating this technology into reliable manufacturing practice. The convergence of workforce development and cutting-edge manufacturing research positions this project to deliver measurable, durable impact: a pipeline of fusion-ready researchers cultivated through expanded institutional partnerships, and a validated materials processing framework that accelerates domestic readiness for next-generation fusion reactor construction.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2021

Disastrous Flash Floods Triggered by Moderate to Minor Rainfall Events. Recent Cases in Coastal Benguela (Angola)

The present work focuses on two recent flash floods in coastal Benguela (Angola), both triggered by moderate rainfall but which had disastrous consequences for local populations (namely 71 deaths in 2015 and 17 in 2019). The research involved a regional survey to establish the effects of these floods combined with a geomorphological and socio-economic analysis of the most affected areas to understand the main forcing factors. The two flash floods produced major damage in restricted sectors within very small coastal catchments (<16 km2). The prevalence of fine-grained sedimentary rocks, relatively steep hills, thin soil cover, and vegetation scarcity are natural factors that promote surface runoff. However, socio-economic conditions are most likely the main reasons of flood damage. Namely, rapid population growth with poor planning and making use of low-quality construction materials, the high waste yields that are not properly managed and the absence of flood risk awareness. In the small valleys around the fast-growing cities of coastal Benguela, hazardous flash floods occur recurrently, even after moderate precipitation. Most affected areas are determined by local conditions that compromise drainage at the time of the rainfall event, being very difficult to predict.

Dinis, Pedro A. (ORCID:0000000175587369)↗