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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 505 records · Page 28
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2026

Developing Source Term Database for Advanced Reactors

A source term database is crucial to informing nuclear emergency response measures, enabling emergency responders to assess the potential severity of nuclear and radiological consequences. In recent times, various advanced reactor designs have come into operation, are under construction, or are being designed and developed. This report documents an effort carried out to develop a source term database for advanced reactors. The report covers key design features of these reactors and discusses radioactivity buildup and source term inventories of dose-significant radionuclides in the reactor core. For neutronic and depletion analyses, we used the SCALE code system, a computational suite for reactor physics, depletion, criticality, and sensitivity/uncertainty quantification. We used SCALE/TRITON to perform depletion calculations to predict cycle length and discharge burnup and to generate the ORIGEN reactor library. Subsequently, we used SCALE/ORIGAMI to calculate radioactivity buildup and, thereby, the source term inventories at the targeted discharge burnup, using the ENDF/B-VII.1 nuclear data library. This report covers several advanced reactors, including the KLT-40S, RITM-200N, VOYGR, and eVinci. However, other reactors, such as the RITM-200S and ARC-100, have yet to be investigated and will be explored in future efforts.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Particle Physics Division Lifting Fixture Database Restructure

The Particle Physics Division (PPD) at Fermilab needed to modernize its outdated lifting fixture database. Many fixtures lacked identification or had incomplete information. During a summer internship, I cross-referenced existing data, photographed and measured fixtures using standardized tools, and updated their locations and details in a modern Excel format. Some fixtures were identified as belonging to other departments, like the Applied Physics and Superconducting Technology Directorate (APS-TD). This effort significantly improved the accuracy and utility of the PPD database, streamlined other departmental inventories, and potentially saved hundreds of thousands of dollars. The work concluded with a clear, organized record of all verified lifting fixtures.

Creedon, Carroll [Unlisted, US, IL; Fermilab]↗
DOE OSTI2026

Model Validation Database for Fires Involving Fuels at Liquefied Natural Gas Facilities (Version 2)

This document provides a description of the model evaluation protocol (MEP) database for fires involving liquefied natural gas (LNG) and processing fuels at LNG facilities. The purpose of the MEP is to provide procedures regarding the assessment of a model’s suitability to predict thermal exclusion zones resulting from a fire. The database includes measurements from pool fire, jet fire, and fireball experiments which are provided in a spreadsheet. Users are to enter model results into the spreadsheet which automatically generates statistical performance measures and graphical comparisons with the experimental data. The intent of this document is to provide a description of the experiments and of the procedure required to carry out the validation portion of the MEP. In addition, the statistical performance measures, measurements for comparisons, and parameter variation are provided.

03 NATURAL GAS↗
DOE OSTI2026

Database Performance Monitoring for DUNE

This project improves Checkmk monitoring for DUNE Rucio PostgreSQL database services by adding clearer dashboard visibility for connection and lock behavior. The work began with a request to monitor database performance metrics such as connection usage, configured limits, lock activity, wait behavior, query performance, storage trends, and saturation alerts. Existing Checkmk PostgreSQL checks were reviewed, and gaps were identified in how connection states and lock modes were displayed. To address these gaps, two DSG-specific local checks were added for dune_rucio_prod: one for connection-state monitoring and one for lock-state monitoring. These checks report active, idle, idle-in-transaction, total, usage-percent, lock-mode, waiting-lock, and wait-age metrics. The added metrics supplement built-in Checkmk monitoring and provide DUNE application developers with clearer service states, history graphs, dashboard widgets, and alerts.

Bowers, Elliot [Cabrillo Coll.]↗
DOE OSTI2020

A high-resolution database of mesoscale convective systems and isolated deep convection in the United States for 2004 – 2017

The database provides high-resolution (4-km, hourly) information of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) and isolated deep convection events (IDC) east of the Rocky Mountains over the contiguous United States from 2004 – 2017. The database contains various characteristics of MCSs and IDC, such as their lifecycle evolutions, lifetimes, spatial coverages, echo-top heights, precipitation features, convective and stratiform separation, convective core features, propagation speed, etc.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

A high-resolution database of mesoscale convective systems and isolated deep convection in the United States for 2004 – 2017

The database provides high-resolution (4-km, hourly) information of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) and isolated deep convection events (IDC) east of the Rocky Mountains over the contiguous United States from 2004 – 2017. The database contains various characteristics of MCSs and IDC, such as their lifecycle evolutions, lifetimes, spatial coverages, echo-top heights, precipitation features, convective and stratiform separation, convective core features, propagation speed, etc.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

Fermented Foods Microbial Genomes Database

This database contains ~4,300 microbial genomes assembled from diverse fermented foods. These genomes were obtained from a larger set of 13,850 microbial genomes by clustering them at 99% average nucleotide identity (ANI) to create a "species"-representative database.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

National Climate Database (NCDB)

The National Climate Database (NCDB) is a high resolution, bias-corrected climate dataset consisting of the three most widely used variables of solar radiation- global horizontal (GHI), direct normal (DNI), and diffuse horizontal irradiance (DHI)- as well as other meteorological data. The goal of the NCDB is to provide unbiased high temporal and spatial resolution climate data needed for renewable energy modeling. The NCDB is modeled using a statistical downscaling approach with Regional Climate Model (RCM)-based climate projections obtained from the North American Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (NA-CORDEX; linked below). Daily climate projections simulated by the Canadian Regional Climate Model 4 (CanRCM4) forced by the second-generation Canadian Earth System Model (CanESM2) for two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP4.5 or moderate emissions scenario and RCP8.5 or highest baseline emission scenario) are selected as inputs to the statistical downscaling models. The National Solar Radiation Database (NSRDB) is used to build and calibrate statistical models.

Array↗
DOE OSTI2017

Fine-Root Ecology Database (FRED): A Global Collection of Root Trait Data with Coincident Site, Vegetation, Edaphic, and Climatic Data, Version 1

To address the need for a centralized root trait database, we are compiling the Fine-Root Ecology Database (FRED) from published literature and unpublished data. FRED Version 1 (FRED 1.0) currently houses more than 70,000 observations of root traits and their associated site, vegetation, edaphic, and climatic conditions from across the globe (see image below, which shows the more than 1000 distinct locations associated with observations in FRED 1.0). Data collection is ongoing and will continue for the foreseeable future. The more than 300 root traits currently housed in FRED 1.0 are described in detail here. FRED is focused on fine roots (less than 2 mm), as coarse roots are studied using different methodology, often at very different scales, and have different traits and trait interpretations.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

AlphaFold Protein Structure Database for Sequence-Independent Molecular Replacement

Crystallographic phasing recovers the phase information that is lost during a diffraction experiment. Molecular replacement is a commonly used phasing method for crystal structures in the protein data bank. In one form it uses a protein sequence to search a structure database to find suitable templates for phasing. However, sequence information is not always available, such as when proteins are crystallized with unknown binding partner proteins or when the crystal is of a contaminant. The recent development of AlphaFold published the predicted protein structures for every protein from twenty distinct species. In this work, we tested whether AlphaFold-predicted E. coli protein structures were accurate enough to enable sequence-independent phasing of diffraction data from two crystallization contaminants of unknown sequence. Using each of more than 4000 predicted structures as a search model, robust molecular replacement solutions were obtained, which allowed the identification and structure determination of YncE and YadF. Our results demonstrate the general utility of the AlphaFold-predicted structure database with respect to sequence-independent crystallographic phasing.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

An Experiment with LLMs as Database Design Tutors: Persistent Equity and Fairness Challenges in Online Learning

As large language models (LLMs) continue to evolve, their capacity to replace humans as their surrogates is also improving. As increasing numbers of intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs) are embracing the integration of LLMs for digital tutoring, questions are arising as to how effective they are and if their hallucinatory behaviors diminish their perceived advantages. One critical question that is seldom asked if the availability, plurality, and relative weaknesses in the reasoning process of LLMs are contributing to the much discussed digital divide and equity and fairness in online learning. In this paper, we present an experiment with database design theory assignments and demonstrate that while their capacity to reason logically is improving, LLMs are still prone to serious errors. We demonstrate that in online learning and in the absence of a human instructor, LLMs could introduce inequity in the form of “wrongful” tutoring that could be devastatingly harmful for learners, which we call ignorant bias, in increasingly popular digital learning. We also show that significant challenges remain for STEM subjects, especially for subjects for which sound and free online tutoring systems exist. Based on the set of use cases, we formulate a possible direction for an effective ITS for online database learning classes of the future.

Jamil, Hasan M. (ORCID:0000000231243780)↗
DOE OSTI2019

GeneLab Database Analyses Suggest Long-Term Impact of Space Radiation on the Cardiovascular System by the Activation of FYN Through Reactive Oxygen Species

Space radiation has recently been considered a risk factor for astronauts’ cardiac health. As an example, for the case of how to query and identify datasets within NASA’s GeneLab database and demonstrate the database utility, we used an unbiased systems biology method for identifying key genes/drivers for the contribution of space radiation on the cardiovascular system. This knowledge can contribute to designing appropriate experiments targeting these specific pathways. Microarray data from cardiomyocytes of male C57BL/6 mice followed-up for 28 days after exposure to 900 mGy of 1 GeV proton or 150 mGy of 1 GeV/n 56 Fe were compared to human endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured for 7 days on the International Space Station (ISS). We observed common molecular pathways between simulated space radiation and HUVECs flown on the ISS. The analysis suggests FYN is the central driver/hub for the cardiovascular response to space radiation: the known oxidative stress induced immediately following radiation would only be transient and would upregulate FYN, which in turn would reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, protecting the cardiovascular system. The transcriptomic signature of exposure to protons was also much closer to the spaceflight signature than 56 Fe’s signature. To our knowledge, this is the first time GeneLab datasets were utilized to provide potential biological indications that the majority of ions on the ISS are protons, clearly illustrating the power of omics analysis. More generally, this work also demonstrates how to combine animal radiation studies done on the ground and spaceflight studies to evaluate human risk in space.

cardiomyocytes↗
DOE OSTI2016

THE SPACEINN–SISMA DATABASE: CHARACTERIZATION OF A LARGE SAMPLE OF VARIABLE AND ACTIVE STARS BY MEANS OF HARPS SPECTRA

We created a large database of physical parameters and variability indicators by fully reducing and analyzing the large number of spectra taken to complement the asteroseismic observations of the COnvection, ROtation and planetary Transits (CoRoT) satellite. 7103 spectra of 261 stars obtained with the ESO echelle spectrograph HARPS have been stored in the VO-compliant database Spectroscopic Indicators in a SeisMic Archive (SISMA), along with the CoRoT photometric data of the 72 CoRoT asteroseismic targets. The remaining stars belong to the same variable classes of the CoRoT targets and were observed to better characterize the properties of such classes. Several useful variability indicators (mean line profiles, indices of differential rotation, activity and emission lines) together with vsin i and radial-velocity measurements have been extracted from the spectra. The atmospheric parameters T{sub eff},logg, and [Fe/H] have been computed following a homogeneous procedure. As a result, we fully characterize a sample of new and known variable stars by computing several spectroscopic indicators, also providing some cases of simultaneous photometry and spectroscopy.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2016

WATCHDOG: A COMPREHENSIVE ALL-SKY DATABASE OF GALACTIC BLACK HOLE X-RAY BINARIES

With the advent of more sensitive all-sky instruments, the transient universe is being probed in greater depth than ever before. Taking advantage of available resources, we have established a comprehensive database of black hole (and black hole candidate) X-ray binary (BHXB) activity between 1996 and 2015 as revealed by all-sky instruments, scanning surveys, and select narrow-field X-ray instruments on board the INTErnational Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory, Monitor of All-Sky X-ray Image, Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer, and Swift telescopes; the Whole-sky Alberta Time-resolved Comprehensive black-Hole Database Of the Galaxy or WATCHDOG. Over the past two decades, we have detected 132 transient outbursts, tracked and classified behavior occurring in 47 transient and 10 persistently accreting BHs, and performed a statistical study on a number of outburst properties across the Galactic population. We find that outbursts undergone by BHXBs that do not reach the thermally dominant accretion state make up a substantial fraction (∼40%) of the Galactic transient BHXB outburst sample over the past ∼20 years. Our findings suggest that this “hard-only” behavior, observed in transient and persistently accreting BHXBs, is neither a rare nor recent phenomenon and may be indicative of an underlying physical process, relatively common among binary BHs, involving the mass-transfer rate onto the BH remaining at a low level rather than increasing as the outburst evolves. We discuss how the larger number of these “hard-only” outbursts and detected outbursts in general have significant implications for both the luminosity function and mass-transfer history of the Galactic BHXB population.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2016

Far-infrared line spectra of active galaxies from the Herschel/PACS spectrometer: The complete database

We present a coherent database of spectroscopic observations of far-IR fine-structure lines from the Herschel/Photoconductor Array Camera and Spectrometer archive for a sample of 170 local active galactic nuclei (AGNs), plus a comparison sample of 20 starburst galaxies and 43 dwarf galaxies. Published Spitzer/IRS and Herschel/SPIRE line fluxes are included to extend our database to the full 10–600 μm spectral range. The observations are compared to a set of Cloudy photoionization models to estimate the above physical quantities through different diagnostic diagrams. We confirm the presence of a stratification of gas density in the emission regions of the galaxies, which increases with the ionization potential of the emission lines. The new [O iv]{sub 25.9μm}/[O iii]{sub 88μm} versus [Ne iii]{sub 15.6μm}/[Ne ii]{sub 12.8μm} diagram is proposed as the best diagnostic to separate (1) AGN activity from any kind of star formation and (2) low-metallicity dwarf galaxies from starburst galaxies. Current stellar atmosphere models fail to reproduce the observed [O iv]{sub 25.9μm}/[O iii]{sub 88μm} ratios, which are much higher when compared to the predicted values. Finally, the ([Ne iii]{sub 15.6μm} + [Ne ii]{sub 12.8μm})/([S iv]{sub 10.5μm} +[S iii]{sub 18.7μm}) ratio is proposed as a promising metallicity tracer to be used in obscured objects, where optical lines fail to accurately measure the metallicity. The diagnostic power of mid- to far-infrared spectroscopy shown here for local galaxies will be of crucial importance to study galaxy evolution during the dust-obscured phase at the peak of the star formation and black hole accretion activity (1<z<4). This study will be addressed by future deep spectroscopic surveys with present and forthcoming facilities such as the James Webb Space Telescope, the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, and the Space Infrared telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2017

REDSHIFT-INDEPENDENT DISTANCES IN THE NASA/IPAC EXTRAGALACTIC DATABASE: METHODOLOGY, CONTENT, AND USE OF NED-D

Estimates of galaxy distances based on indicators that are independent of cosmological redshift are fundamental to astrophysics. Researchers use them to establish the extragalactic distance scale, to underpin estimates of the Hubble constant, and to study peculiar velocities induced by gravitational attractions that perturb the motions of galaxies with respect to the “Hubble flow” of universal expansion. In 2006 the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) began making available a comprehensive compilation of redshift-independent extragalactic distance estimates. A decade later, this compendium of distances (NED-D) now contains more than 100,000 individual estimates based on primary and secondary indicators, available for more than 28,000 galaxies, and compiled from over 2000 references in the refereed astronomical literature. This paper describes the methodology, content, and use of NED-D, and addresses challenges to be overcome in compiling such distances. Currently, 75 different distance indicators are in use. We include a figure that facilitates comparison of the indicators with significant numbers of estimates in terms of the minimum, 25th percentile, median, 75th percentile, and maximum distances spanned. Brief descriptions of the indicators, including examples of their use in the database, are given in an appendix.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2017

An Interactive Multi-instrument Database of Solar Flares

Solar flares are complicated physical phenomena that are observable in a broad range of the electromagnetic spectrum, from radio waves to γ -rays. For a more comprehensive understanding of flares, it is necessary to perform a combined multi-wavelength analysis using observations from many satellites and ground-based observatories. For an efficient data search, integration of different flare lists, and representation of observational data, we have developed the Interactive Multi-Instrument Database of Solar Flares (IMIDSF, https://solarflare.njit.edu/). The web-accessible database is fully functional and allows the user to search for uniquely identified flare events based on their physical descriptors and the availability of observations by a particular set of instruments. Currently, the data from three primary flare lists ( Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites , RHESSI , and HEK) and a variety of other event catalogs ( Hinode , Fermi GBM, Konus- W IND, the OVSA flare catalogs, the CACTus CME catalog, the Filament eruption catalog) and observing logs ( IRIS and Nobeyama coverage) are integrated, and an additional set of physical descriptors (temperature and emission measure) is provided along with an observing summary, data links, and multi-wavelength light curves for each flare event since 2002 January. We envision that this new tool will allow researchers to significantly speed up the search of events of interest for statistical and case studies.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗