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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 523 records · Page 29
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS2015

Evaluation of the Second Transport Rotorcraft Airframe Crash Testbed (TRACT 2) Full Scale Crash Test

Two Transport Rotorcraft Airframe Crash Testbed (TRACT) full-scale tests were performed at NASA Langley Research Center's Landing and Impact Research Facility in 2013 and 2014. Two CH-46E airframes were impacted at 33-ft/s forward and 25-ft/s vertical combined velocities onto soft soil, which represents a severe, but potentially survivable impact scenario. TRACT 1 provided a baseline set of responses, while TRACT 2 included retrofits with composite subfloors and other crash system improvements based on TRACT 1. For TRACT 2, a total of 18 unique experiments were conducted to evaluate ATD responses, seat and restraint performance, cargo restraint effectiveness, patient litter behavior, and activation of emergency locator transmitters and crash sensors. Combinations of Hybrid II, Hybrid III, and ES-2 Anthropomorphic Test Devices (ATDs) were placed in forward and side facing seats and occupant results were compared against injury criteria. The structural response of the airframe was assessed based on accelerometers located throughout the airframe and using three-dimensional photogrammetric techniques. Analysis of the photogrammetric data indicated regions of maximum deflection and permanent deformation. The response of TRACT 2 was noticeably different in the longitudinal direction due to changes in the cabin configuration and soil surface, with higher acceleration and damage occurring in the cabin. Loads from ATDs in energy absorbing seats and restraints were within injury limits. Severe injury was likely for ATDs in forward facing passenger seats.

Annett, Martin↗
NASA NTRS2015

Overview of the Transport Rotorcraft Airframe Crash Testbed (TRACT) Full Scale Crash Tests

The Transport Rotorcraft Airframe Crash Testbed (TRACT) full-scale tests were performed at NASA Langley Research Center's Landing and Impact Research Facility in 2013 and 2014. Two CH-46E airframes were impacted at 33-ft/s forward and 25-ft/s vertical combined velocities onto soft soil, which represents a severe, but potentially survivable impact scenario. TRACT 1 provided a baseline set of responses, while TRACT 2 included retrofits with composite subfloors and other crash system improvements based on TRACT 1. For TRACT 2, a total of 18 unique experiments were conducted to evaluate Anthropomorphic Test Devices (ATD) responses, seat and restraint performance, cargo restraint effectiveness, patient litter behavior, and activation of emergency locator transmitters and crash sensors. Combinations of Hybrid II, Hybrid III, and ES-2 ATDs were placed in forward and side facing seats and occupant results were compared against injury criteria. The structural response of the airframe was assessed based on accelerometers located throughout the airframe and using three-dimensional photogrammetric techniques. Analysis of the photogrammetric data indicated regions of maximum deflection and permanent deformation. The response of TRACT 2 was noticeably different in the horizontal direction due to changes in the cabin configuration and soil surface, with higher acceleration and damage occurring in the cabin. Loads from ATDs in energy absorbing seats and restraints were within injury limits. Severe injury was likely for ATDs in forward facing passenger seats.

Annett, Martin↗
NASA NTRS2018

Soyuz Occupant Risk

Spaceflight has unique challenges for Occupant Protection. Current NASA Occupant Protection Requirements are based on military and automotive biodynamics research: Brinkley Dynamic Response Criteria; Hybrid III Anthropomorphic Test Device (ATD). Soyuz offers unique insight into the role of spaceflight deconditioning on impact tolerance. Project Objectives: 1. Develop a landing injury database; 2. Obtain seat acceleration data from TMA (Soyuz-TMA: Transport Modified Anthropometric) landings; 3. Re-create Soyuz landings using models; 4. Update NASA occupant protection standards as needed.

Newby, Nate↗
NASA NTRS2016

Single Event Testing of SDRAM, DDR2 and DDR3 Memories

SEE test results are presented for SDRAM, DDR2, and DDR3. No tested devices exhibited SEL. SBUs were observed, but no MBUs were observed in data words. SEFI data were taken at low and high speed.

Guertin, Steven M.↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Soyuz Landing Reconstructions

Introduction: Recent data show a landing-attributed injury rate among Soyuz crew members to be higher than predicted in original certification analysis. New vehicles being developed for NASA are being certified using analytical tools to quantify injury risk. This assessment will provide data to allow the Agency to evaluate whether these tools are able to capture true injury risk and allow a comparison between Soyuz landings and upcoming vehicles. Methods: A finite element model (FEM) of the Soyuz descent module (DM) and its landing environment were developed to recreate Soyuz landing conditions. Occupant breakout models composed of the Soyuz seat and Sokol helmet were then developed to evaluate occupant response. These models included both anthropomorphic test device (ATD) and human body model (HBM) surrogates in three anthropometric sizes. A generalized distribution analysis of the Soyuz landing environment was performed using landing variable distributions from available literature. Results were used to identify trends in vehicle landing acceleration with landing conditions and to compare landing model injury risk predictions with those estimated in vehicle certification analysis. Next, historic Soyuz landings identified as inducing occupant injury during were reconstructed using the developed landing model and estimated landing conditions. Results and Discussion: This assessment demonstrated the capability of certification metrics, which include a combination of vehicle- and occupant-level injury risk analysis, to identify elevated injury risk landing conditions. However, the developed landing load predictions were limited by available vehicle and landing condition data. Additional data, particularly landing acceleration data specific to historic Soyuz landing conditions, would greatly enhance this assessment’s findings.

Preston Greenhalgh↗
DOE OSTI2011

DeepFocus Acoustic Microscope Transducer

A new nondestructive testing device being used to analyse nuclear fuel could reduce costs for manufacturing and other industry. For more information about INL research projects, visit http://www.facebook.com/idahonationallaboratory.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Energy storage cell impedance measuring apparatus, methods and related systems

Energy storage cell impedance testing devices, circuits, and related methods are disclosed. An energy storage cell impedance measuring device includes a sum of sinusoids (SOS) current excitation circuit including differential current sources configured to isolate a ground terminal of the differential current sources from a positive terminal and a negative terminal of an energy storage cell. A method includes applying an SOS signal comprising a sum of sinusoidal current signals to the energy storage cell with the SOS current excitation circuit, each of the sinusoidal current signals oscillating at a different one of a plurality of different frequencies. The method also includes measuring an electrical signal at a positive terminal and a negative terminal of the energy storage cell, and computing an impedance of the energy storage cell at each of the plurality of different frequencies using the measured electrical signal.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
DOE OSTI2024

Multispectral impedance determination under dynamic load conditions

Impedance testing devices, circuits, systems, and related methods are disclosed. A method may include exciting a device coupled to a load, and capturing a response of the device. The method may further include adjusting the response based on an estimated load response of the device, and estimating an impedance of the device based on the adjusted response.

Christophersen, Jon P.↗
DOE OSTI2026

A 3D-Printed Millimeter-Wave Inline Waveguide-to-Coplanar-Waveguide Transition to Enable Dense Spectrometer Arrays for Intensity Mapping Surveys

We present a 3D-printed millimeter-wave, octave-bandwidth, in-line waveguide-to-coplanar-waveguide transition designed to enable focal planes with dense arrays of on-chip spectrometers. These arrays will enable compelling surveys of the large-scale structure of the universe through millimeter-wave intensity mapping. The transition consists of a four-step ridge-waveguide transformer that couples light from a rectangular waveguide onto a coplanar waveguide via an electrical connection made with indium bump bonds. We develop a tolerance-aware optimization approach to identify high-performance transition geometries that are robust to manufacturing variations; the same formulation can be applied to other tolerance-sensitive design problems. We also describe the implementation of a custom apparatus and procedure for bump-bonding a silicon chip to a metallized 3D-printed component. We detail the fabrication of the coplanar waveguide chip and three-dimensional waveguide structure, simulations and metrology of a test device, and room temperature reflectance measurements of this device. The room temperature metrology and reflection measurements are consistent with a model that predicts a coupling efficiency of $\mathord{\sim} 95\%$ at cryogenic temperatures in the 85-170 GHz frequency range.

Stover, Austin [Chicago U.; Chicago U., KICP] (ORC↗
NASA NTRS1987

Device for quick changeover between wind tunnel force and pressure testing

This device allows for expeditious and repeated changeovers between pressure and force testing and which uses a minimum internal volume of a wind tunnel test structure. A matrix configuration of holes is located on the outer surface of the structure. Pressure tubes lead through the internal cavity of the structure from test sites to this outer surface matrix configuration. A pressure tube connector with a corresponding matrix of holes is connected to the surface of the structure. Pressure tubes leading from remotely located transducers are joined to the connector, thus forming pressure passageways from the test sites to the transducers to allow for pressure testing. When force testing is required, the pressure tube connector is disconnected and a cover plate is connected. The cover plate seals the exposed internal pressure tubes. Also, the outer surface of the cover plate conforms to the exterior of the structure, providing the necessary smooth surface for force testing. If further pressure testing is required, the cover plate can be disconnected and the pressure tube connector reconnected.

Wood, Richard M.↗
DOE OSTI2018

MODAL FREQUENCY TRACKING: Performance Analysis on Noisy Experimental Ground Test Data

Mechanical devices operating in an environment contaminated by noise, uncertainties, and extraneous disturbances lead to low signal-to-noise-ratios creating an extremely challenging signal processing problem—especially for on-line, realtime, in-flight application. In this report, we discuss a model-based approach to incorporate physical device features into a dynamic structure that can be used to perform on-line tracking of modal frequencies. The approach we take, after pre-processing the raw measurement data, is to obtain a representation of the structural device under test that captures its underlying response to a suite of excitations and operating conditions. One approach is to apply modern system identification techniques based on stochastic subspace methods capable of both: (1) identifying the underlying black-box structure enabling the extraction of structural modes that can be used for analysis; and (2) modal tracking under continued vibrational excitation as in a real-time, in-flight like environment. The vibrational signature of the structural device is measured directly using a suite of tri-axial accelerometers characterizing a multiple input/multiple output (MIMO) dynamic system. In this analysis, we have 15 tri-axial accelerometer measurements or 45 total output channels along with a single excitation also measured with a tri-axial accelerometer providing a 3-input system for processing. We initially describe the experiment and then briefly develop the necessary background in stochastic subspace realization, discuss the algorithm and apply it to the isolated structural device, first, characterized by the set of noisy MIMO accelerometer measurements extracting the modal model from the data (subspace identification), extract the unique modal frequencies (modal coordinate transformation), track their evolution (real-time tracker) to evaluate the overall performance of the processor. Next we evaluate processor performance when the structural device is incorporated into a flight vehicle for further performance analysis. We summarize the results and predict performance.

42 ENGINEERING↗
NASA NTRS1981

Testing Composites

A device for testing composites for strength characteristics has been developed by Acoustic Emission Technology Corporation. Called the Model 206AU, the system is lightweight and portable. It is comprised of three sections. The "pulser" section injects ultrasonic waves into the material under test. A receiver picks up the simulated stress waves as they pass through the material and relays the signals to the acoustic emission section, where they are electronically analyzed.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS2017

Single Event Effect Testing of the Analog Devices ADV212

The Analog Devices ADV212 was initially tested for single event effects (SEE) at the Texas AM University Cyclotron Facility (TAMU) in July of 2013. Testing revealed a sensitivity to device hang-ups classified as single event functional interrupts (SEFI), soft data errors classified as single event upsets (SEU), and, of particular concern, single event latch-ups (SEL). All error types occurred so frequently as to make accurate measurements of the exposure time, and thus total particle fluence, challenging. To mitigate some of the risk posed by single event latch-ups, circuitry was added to the electrical design to detect a high current event and automatically recycle power and reboot the device. An additional heavy-ion test was scheduled to validate the operation of the recovery circuitry and the continuing functionality of the ADV212 after a substantial number of latch-up events. As a secondary goal, more precise data would be gathered by an improved test method, described in this test report.

single event latch-ups (SEL)↗