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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 523 records · Page 29
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2024

ACE-ENA: Fast Liquid Water Content

These data were collected during the Aerosol and Cloud Experiments in the Eastern North Atlantic field campaign as part of ARM Aerial Facility deployment (ACE-ENA, https://www.arm.gov/research/campaigns/aaf2017ace-ena). The ARM Aerial Facility Gulfstream-1 was deployed at Lajes Air Base (IATA: TER, ICAO: LPLA), on Terceira Island in the Azores, Portugal, for the two Intensive Observation Periods from June 20 through July 22, 2017 (IOP#1) and from January 11 through February 22, 2018 (IOP#2). The G-1 aircraft performed 20+19 research flights over the ARM Eastern North Atlantic (ENA) site and Atlantic Ocean to measure atmospheric turbulence, cloud water content and drop size distributions, aerosol precursor gases, aerosol chemical composition and size distributions. The current data set presents re-processed Particle Volume Monitor PVM-100A (aka Gerber probe) data: Liquid Water Content (LWC), Particle Surface Area (PSA), and the effective droplet radius (re) averaged to 50 Hz, 10 Hz, and 1 Hz.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

CACTI: Fast Liquid Water Content

These data were collected during the Cloud, Aerosol, and Complex Terrain Interactions (CACTI; https://www.arm.gov/research/campaigns/amf2018cacti ) field campaign in the Sierras de Córdoba mountain range of north-central Argentina as part of the ARM Aerial Facility (AAF) deployment. The ARM Aerial Facility Gulfstream-1 was operated from Las Higueras Airport (IATA: RCU, ICAO: SAOC), Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina, for the Intensive Observation Period (IOP) from Nov. 1 through Dec. 15, 2018. The G-1 aircraft performed 22 research flights over the first ARM Mobile Facility (AMF1) location in the Sierras de Córdoba mountain range to measure atmospheric state and turbulence, cloud water content and droplet size distributions, aerosol precursor gases, and aerosol chemical composition and size distributions. The current data set presents re-processed Particle Volume Monitor PVM-100A (aka Gerber probe) data: Liquid Water Content (LWC), Particle Surface Area (PSA), and the effective droplet radius (re) averaged to 50Hz, 10Hz, and 1Hz.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
NASA NTRS1974

Global measurements of air pollution from satellites

The conceptual design of an FOV nadir radiometer was examined for its applicability to monitoring the radiation process in the atmosphere as it relates to aerosol behavior. The instrument employs a gas filter correlation technique and is suitable for transportation onboard satellite.

Acton, L. L.↗
NASA NTRS1975

California nearshore surface currents

During the oceanic period from July to November, the southward flowing California current dominates the nearshore current patterns. Commencing about the middle of November and extending to mid-February, the Davidson current, a northward moving countercurrent, is the dominant inshore transporter of water and suspensates. The phenomenon of upwelling is prevalent during the period from the middle of February to the end of July. Thus, every year along the coast of California, there are three successive current seasons: the oceanic, the Davidson, and the upwelling. This paper is a discussion of the nature of these nearshore currents. In addition, the capabilities of various remote sensing platforms and systems for providing methods of monitoring the coastal processes associated with the current seasons of California are demonstrated herein.

Pirie, D. M.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Time-division multiplexer uses digital gates

Device eliminates errors caused by analog gates in multiplexing a large number of channels at high frequency. System was designed for use in aerospace work to multiplex signals for monitoring such variables as fuel consumption, pressure, temperature, strain, and stress. Circuit may be useful in monitoring variables in process control and medicine as well.

Myers, C. E.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Quo vadis, remote sensing

The use of satellite remote sensing data for resource management is discussed. The evaluation of the need for management data is reviewed, and some legislative programs which require the monitoring of environmental resources are summarized. Several characteristics of data used in the monitoring of dynamic processes are analyzed, and the implications of routine processing of extensive remote sensing data for the development of a new world view are considered.

Billingsley, F. C.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Control of dielectric film deposition

Airgap capacitor in deposition chamber is used to monitor deposition. Coating process is completely uniform over edges, points, and internal areas. Areas not requiring coating can be marked. Since deposition process is accomplished at or near room temperature, there is no risk of thermal damage to coated components. With control method, deposition material is fully utilized and no excess coating is necessary to insure protection of coated parts.

Graebner, E. C.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Space Spider - A concept for fabrication of large structures

The Space Spider concept for the automated fabrication of large space structures involves a specialized machine which roll-forms thin gauge material such as aluminum and develops continuous spiral structures with radial struts to sizes of 600-1,000 feet in diameter by 15 feet deep. This concept allows the machine and raw material to be integrated using the Orbiter capabilities, then boosting the rigid system to geosynchronous equatorial orbit (GEO) without high sensitivity to acceleration forces. As a teleoperator controlled device having repetitive operations, the fabrication process can be monitored and verified from a ground-based station without astronaut involvement in GEO. The resultant structure will be useful as an intermediate size platform or as a structural element to be used with other elements such as the space-fabricated beams or composite nested tubes.

Britton, W. R.↗
NASA NTRS1977

On the interannual variability of the ocean atmospheric system

Several feedback mechanisms between ocean and atmosphere are discussed, which seem to have a decisive influence on the interannual variability of the atmosphere, and on climatic fluctuations of a time scale of 10 to 50 years. Satellite requirements to monitor these feedback processes are outlined briefly.

Reiter, E. R.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Detecting contaminants by ultraviolet photography

Relatively high ultraviolet absorptivity of most organics as compared to metal is suggested as basis for detecting traces of contamination. By photographing metal surface in ultraviolet light, contaminants that might otherwise interfere with adhesion of surface coatings, or with welding or brazing, could be detected and removed. Real time monitoring of cleaning process is also possible if ultraviolet sensitive television camera is used instead of photographic film.

Neiswander, D. W.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Remote sensing inputs to National Model Implementation Program for water resources quality improvement

The Lake Herman watershed in southeastern South Dakota has been selected as one of seven water resources systems in the United States for involvement in the National Model Implementation Program (MIP). MIP is a pilot program initiated to illustrate the effectiveness of existing water resources quality improvement programs. The Remote Sensing Institute (RSI) at South Dakota State University has produced a computerized geographic information system for the Lake Herman watershed. All components necessary for the monitoring and evaluation process were included in the data base. The computerized data were used to produce thematic maps and tabular data for the land cover and soil classes within the watershed. These data are being utilized operationally by SCS resource personnel for planning and management purposes.

Eidenshink, J. C.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Dual-Laser Schlieren System

Proposed schlieren system uses two lasers and two knife edges to simultaneously view perpendicular refractive-index gradients in a test volume. It is improvement over conventional schlieren systems, which monitor gradient along only one axis. Although originally developed to monitor materials-processing experiments in space, it should find application wherever there is need to study two-dimensional temperature, pressure, concentration or other gradients related to index of refraction.

Owen, R. B.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Processing PCM Data in Real Time

Novel hardware configuration makes it possible for Space Shuttle launch processing system to monitor pulse-code-modulated data in real time. Using two microprogramable "option planes," incoming PCM data are monitored for changes at rate of one frame of data (80 16-bit words) every 10 milliseconds. Real-time PCM processor utilizes CPU in mini-computer and CPU's in two option planes.

Wissink, T. L.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Control of large space structures: Status report on achievements and current problems

The objectives, state-of-the-art, and problems of large space structures control are outlined. The general objectives range from basic deployment and maneuvering, where some vibration modes may be suppressed, to disturbance rejection for very high performance imaging applications. The controls selected generally must produce some combination of eigenvalue/eigenvector and loads modification in order to achieve the mission objectives. An experiment illustrating the dynamic control of a suspended circular plate is described. Analysis methods used in system modelling, signal processing, and process control and monitoring are discussed. Sensor and actuator performance are assessed.

Lyons, M. G.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Thin wire pointing method

A method is described for forming sharp tips on thin wires, in particular phosphor bronze wires of diameters such as one-thousandth inch used to contact micron size Schottky barrier diodes, which enables close control of tip shape and which avoids the use of highly toxic solutions. The method includes dipping an end of a phosphor bronze wire into a dilute solution of sulfamic acid and applying a current through the wire to electrochemically etch it. The humidity in the room is controlled to a level of less than 50%, and the voltage applied between the wire and another electrode in the solutions is a half wave rectified voltage. The current through the wire is monitored, and the process is stopped when the current falls to a predetermined low level.

Green, G.↗
NASA NTRS1984

Geology

Three objectives were outlined: (1) global distribution, geometry and composition of continental rock units; (2) morphology and structure of the continental crust; and (3) monitoring selected surface processes. Mapping soil, sediment and rock characteristics for land surfaces requires the use of visible, reflected, thermal and radio parts of the spectrum. Digital topographic data (elevation, slope angle, slope magnitude) are needed to correct reflectance, emission, and radar data. In addition, images of the topographic data provide fundamental information on the morphology and structure of the land.

Arvidson, R.↗
NASA NTRS1986

Use of laboratory simulated pyrolysis in tracing the history of sedimentary organic matter

Results from laboratory simulated pyrolyses experiments show that in addition to depth of burial, preservation of kerogen, and hence any morphologic structure in it, is also dependent on the mineral matrix with which it is associated. In the presence of clay minerals, and especially under dry conditions, extractable lipids released during kerogen decomposition are more rapidly destroyed than in the presence of calcite or chert matrices. The result is production of gas, polar bitumen and pyrobitumen and destruction of biomarkers. During such an early reorganization of the kerogen, the biomarker constituents can be destroyed, or unrecognizably altered. The above process of organic residues maturation appears to be inhibited in the presence of water and is significantly reduced where kerogen is hosted in limestones, dolomites or cherts. These minerals have been characteristically found to be the most reliable in yielding morphological fossils and small quantities of extractable bitumen in Archean and Proterozoic rocks. To understand the validity of chemical and morphological fossils, in the early geologic record, it will be necessary to understand the process of kerogen in sedimentary rocks. To test the role of various minerals on the preservation process, kerogen extracted from a variety of rocks has been heated together with montmorillonite, illite and calcite. The kinetics of the process has been monitored and the products quantitatively identified.

Kaplan, I. R.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Computer-aided design of polymers and composites

This book on computer-aided design of polymers and composites introduces and discusses the subject from the viewpoint of atomic and molecular models. Thus, the origins of stiffness, strength, extensibility, and fracture toughness in composite materials can be analyzed directly in terms of chemical composition and molecular structure. Aspects of polymer composite reliability are considered along with characterization techniques for composite reliability, relations between atomic and molecular properties, computer aided design and manufacture, polymer CAD/CAM models, and composite CAD/CAM models. Attention is given to multiphase structural adhesives, fibrous composite reliability, metal joint reliability, polymer physical states and transitions, chemical quality assurance, processability testing, cure monitoring and management, nondestructive evaluation (NDE), surface NDE, elementary properties, ionic-covalent bonding, molecular analysis, acid-base interactions, the manufacturing science, and peel mechanics.

Kaelble, D. H.↗