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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 55 records · Page 3
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1988

Transverse ion energization and low-frequency plasma waves in the mid-altitude auroral zone - A case study

Evidence of transverse ion energization at altitudes of several earth radii in the auroral zone was reexamined using several hundred hours of high-sensitivity and high-resolution plasma data obtained by the Dynamics Explorer 1 satellite. The data on particle environment encountered at midaltitudes in the auroral zone disclosed rapid variations in the values of total density, thermal structure, and composition of the plasma in the interval measured; the modes of low-frequency plasma waves also varied rapidly. It was not possible to unambiguously identify in these data particle and wave signature of local transverse ion energization; however, many intervals were found where local transverse ion heating was consistent with the observations.

Peterson, W. K.↗
NASA NTRS2001

Formation of Electrostatic Potential Drops in the Auroral Zone

In order to examine the self-consistent formation of large-scale quasi-static parallel electric fields in the auroral zone on a micro/meso scale, a particle in cell simulation has been developed. The code resolves electron Debye length scales so that electron micro-processes are included and a variable grid scheme is used such that the overall length scale of the simulation is of the order of an Earth radii along the magnetic field. The simulation is electrostatic and includes the magnetic mirror force, as well as two types of plasmas, a cold dense ionospheric plasma and a warm tenuous magnetospheric plasma. In order to study the formation of parallel electric fields in the auroral zone, different magnetospheric ion and electron inflow boundary conditions are used to drive the system. It has been found that for conditions in the primary (upward) current region an upward directed quasi-static electric field can form across the system due to magnetic mirroring of the magnetospheric ions and electrons at different altitudes. For conditions in the return (downward) current region it is shown that a quasi-static parallel electric field in the opposite sense of that in the primary current region is formed, i.e., the parallel electric field is directed earthward. The conditions for how these different electric fields can be formed are discussed using satellite observations and numerical simulations.

Schriver, D.↗
NASA NTRS1984

Velocity spike at the poleward edge of the auroral zone

Data from coordinated observations of the Chatanika incoherent scatter radar and the Atmosphere Explorer C satellite are examined to study the poleward edge of the auroral zone for one pass in the morning sector. A very intense, spikelike electric field is seen at the boundary between the auroral zone and the polar cap, coincident with the convection reversal. The particle detector data are consistent with the presence of a pair of oppositely oriented potential drops parallel to the magnetic field. These potential drops are of a few hundred electron volts, and their direction is such that the precipitating electrons are accelerated on the poleward side and decelerated on the equatorward side of the electric field spike. These observations are examined in the light of recent theoretical investigations that have shown that parallel acceleration can indeed be expected to occur in the regions of large velocity shear. The Chatanika data suggest that such spikes may occur repeatedly at the poleward edge of the diffuse aurora, but that they are confined in either time or space.

De La Beaujardiere, O.↗
NASA NTRS1985

The effect of background plasma density on the growth of ordinary and Z mode emissions in the auroral zone

Using an electron distribution function measured in the auroral zone, the growth rates of both ordinary and Z-mode radiation are calculated via the cyclotron maser mechanism. The growth rates of Z-mode radiation are much more sensitive to the background plasma density than those of ordinary mode radiation, which are essentially constant over a wide range of the ratio of the background electron plasma frequency to the gyrofrequency. In very low density regions, Z-mode waves are dominant over the ordinary mode, but as the ratio of the electron plasma frequency over the gyrofrequency increases, the growth rates of Z-mode are substantially reduced, leading to an eventual dominance of the ordinary mode over the Z-mode. A comparison between the growth rates of Z-mode due to the upgoing loss cone electrons and those due to the trapped and 'hole' electrons shows that the presence of trapped and hole electrons can greatly enhance the growth rates.

Omidi, N.↗
NASA NTRS1974

The average auroral zone electric field

Four hundred and seventy-eight hours of electric field data obtained by the flight of 32 balloons between L = 5.4 and L = 8.2 have been averaged to determine mean properties of the auroral zone electric field. The results are understood in terms of a model in which the two-cell convection pattern is rotated about the sun-earth line by an amount that depends on the sign and magnitude of the y component of the interplanetary magnetic field. This model and the data suggest either that important parallel potential drops exist along auroral zone magnetic field lines or that simple conjugacy between the two hemispheres does not exist along such field lines.

Mozer, F. S.↗
NASA NTRS2005

Lower Thermospheric Composition Studies in the Auroral Zone

This TIMED/CEDAR grant had two major objectives. The GUVI instrument on TIMED should routinely produces maps of the flux of energetic particles and their average energy. However, while those data will be available soon there were no plans to routinely produce the O/N2 ratio in the auroral. Ground-based photometric techniques have been available for years which routinely measure all three quantities in the auroral zone. The first objective of the previous proposal was to use these ground-based techniques to provide some validation for the routine measure of average energy. The second objective was to use the ground-based to data to validate GUVI algorithms for the measure of O/N2 in the auroral zone. We have made some progress to these goals while we await the release of the properly precessed GUVI data. For now these objectives are being addressed by making use of algorithms by one of us (Doug Strickland of CPI) that are being used for specific GUVI level 1B data sets that contain data coincident with the groundbased measurements. Also we have collected ground-based data from two Alaska sites and they are available on our web site and on the CEDAR website. The details of the progress we have made are discussed.

Hecht, James↗
NASA NTRS2005

X-Ray Probes of Jupiter's Auroral Zones, Galilean Moons, and the Io Plasma Torus

Remote observations from the Earth orbiting Chandra X-ray Observatory and the XMM-Newton Observatory have shown the the Jovian system is a rich and complex source of x-ray emission. The planet's auroral zones and its disk are powerful sources of x-ray emission, though with different origins. Chandra observations discovered x-ray emission from the Io plasma torus and from the Galilean moons Io, Europa, and possibly Ganymede. The emission from the moons is due to bombardment of their surfaces by highly energetic magnetospheric protons, and oxygen and sulfur ions, producing fluorescent x-ray emission lines from the elements in their surfaces against an intense background continuum. Although very faint when observed from Earth orbit, an imaging x-ray spectrometer in orbit around the icy Galilean moons would provide a detail mapping of the elemental composition in their surfaces. Here we review the results of Chandra and XMM-Newton observations of the Jovian system and describe the characteristics of X-MIME, an imaging x-ray spectrometer undergoing study for possible application to future missions to Jupiter such as JIMO. X-MIME has the ultimate goal of providing detailed high-resolution maps of the elemental abundances of the surfaces of Jupiter's icy moons and Io, as well as detailed study of the x-ray mission from the Io plasma torus, Jupiter's auroral zones, and the planetary disk.

Elsner, R. F.↗