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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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FleetREDI: Mail Delivery Class 6 Propane Trucks

Capturing real-world data is critical to reducing the barriers to technology advancement for commercial vehicles. FleetREDI’s insights provide detailed duty cycle information and highlight unique aspects of the given dataset. Each insight delivers a quick look at the collected data by summarizing the operation and identifying key findings of the initial analysis. This FleetREDI insight explores propane and diesel Class 6 mail delivery trucks. Propane-powered commercial vehicles can achieve the same duty cycles and match the power, acceleration, and cruising speeds of conventionally fueled vehicles while producing significantly less emissions of tailpipe oxides of nitrogen (NOx). The primary goal of the project was to demonstrate alternative fuel vehicles in a mail transport application and evaluate the viability of propane as a cost-effective alternative to conventional diesel trucks. ![FleetREDI clean delivery trucks](FleetREDI-clean-delivery.jpg)

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI

FleetREDI: Mail Delivery Class 6 Propane Trucks

Capturing real-world data is critical to reducing the barriers to technology advancement for commercial vehicles. FleetREDI’s insights provide detailed duty cycle information and highlight unique aspects of the given dataset. Each insight delivers a quick look at the collected data by summarizing the operation and identifying key findings of the initial analysis. This FleetREDI insight explores propane and diesel Class 6 mail delivery trucks. Propane-powered commercial vehicles can achieve the same duty cycles and match the power, acceleration, and cruising speeds of conventionally fueled vehicles while producing significantly less emissions of tailpipe oxides of nitrogen (NOx). The primary goal of the project was to demonstrate alternative fuel vehicles in a mail transport application and evaluate the viability of propane as a cost-effective alternative to conventional diesel trucks. ![FleetREDI clean delivery trucks](FleetREDI-clean-delivery.jpg)

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI

FleetREDI: Mail Delivery Class 6 Propane Trucks

Capturing real-world data is critical to reducing the barriers to technology advancement for commercial vehicles. FleetREDI’s insights provide detailed duty cycle information and highlight unique aspects of the given dataset. Each insight delivers a quick look at the collected data by summarizing the operation and identifying key findings of the initial analysis. This FleetREDI insight explores propane and diesel Class 6 mail delivery trucks. Propane-powered commercial vehicles can achieve the same duty cycles and match the power, acceleration, and cruising speeds of conventionally fueled vehicles while producing significantly less emissions of tailpipe oxides of nitrogen (NOx). The primary goal of the project was to demonstrate alternative fuel vehicles in a mail transport application and evaluate the viability of propane as a cost-effective alternative to conventional diesel trucks. ![FleetREDI clean delivery trucks](FleetREDI-clean-delivery.jpg)

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI

Transition Metals Separation with Commercial Neutral Extractants – A Review

The increasing use of extraction chromatography resins across fields such as hydrometallurgy, nuclear medicine, and environmental analysis has created a need for a deeper understanding of their interactions with transition metals. Despite extensive research on f-element separations, the behavior of transition metals in these systems remains relatively understudied. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge on the extraction behavior of transition metals with neutral extractants, including TODGA, TEHDGA, TBP, and CMPO, and their corresponding resins, such as DGA, BDGA, UTEVA, TBP, and TRU. The review summarizes extraction data, extracted complex coordination environments, separation reaction stoichiometries, and associated thermodynamics, highlighting inconsistencies and knowledge gaps in the literature. The study emphasizes the need for further research using spectroscopy and computational methods to elucidate extraction mechanisms and to improve the efficiency and selectivity of transition metal separations. By identifying areas for future research and development, this review aims to stimulate advancements in the field and promote the development of innovative separation technologies. The implications of this research are far-reaching, with potential applications in nuclear waste management, nuclear forensics, metal recovery, and environmental remediation. Overall, this review provides a foundation for future studies on the extraction of transition metals using neutral extractants and resins.

Wall, Nathalie A.

Tree architectural characteristics and stem and leaf functional traits for 17 individuals in the Central Amazon

Given recent increases in tree mortality rates in the Amazon forest following extreme drought and wind events, we tested if lower wood density and acquisitive plant functional traits were associated with increased growth and mortality for common co-occurring trees in the Central Amazon. Research was conducted at the ZF2 Research Station located north or Manaus, Brazil, managed by the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA). Seventeen trees of different species with similar sizes but a range in wood density (WD) and wood traits were felled, then assessed for 27 different individual functional parameters, including whole tree architecture, stem xylem anatomical and hydraulic traits and leaf traits. Wood logs were collected at DBH, 50% stem length and at 100% stem length (at the base of the canopy). For wood anatomy samples, n=3-6 subsamples from each height. For leaf samples, 30 leaves were collected from the upper sunlit canopy. The methodology is detailed in the accompanying manuscript. The trait data are summarized in this file: "Trait_Summary.CSV". Summary Trait code abbreviations and units are described in this file: "Sample_Info_Traits_Summary.CSV". Stem traits measured along the bole from the base of the tree (DBH, diameter breast height), mid-stem, and base of the canopy are described in these files: "Sapwood_Area_height.CSV"; "Species_Info_height.CSV"; "Sample_Info_height.CSV"

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

2023 Site Environmental Report: Volume 1

Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) is managed on behalf of the Department of Energy (DOE) by Brookhaven Science Associates (BSA), a partnership between Stony Brook University and Battelle, and six core universities: Columbia, Cornell, Harvard, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Princeton, and Yale. For over 75 years, the Laboratory has played a lead role in the DOE Science and Technology mission and continues to contribute to the DOE’s missions in energy resources, environmental quality, and national security. BNL manages its world-class scientific research operations with sensitivity to environmental issues and community concerns. The Laboratory’s Environmental, Safety, Security, and Health (ESSH) Policy reflects the commitment of BNL’s management to fully integrate environmental stewardship into all facets of its mission and operations. BNL prepares an annual Site Environmental Report (SER) in accordance with DOE Order 231.1B, Environment, Safety, and Health Reporting. The report is written to inform the public, regulators, employees, and other stakeholders of the Laboratory’s environmental performance during the calendar year in review. Volume I of the SER summarizes environmental data; environmental management performance; compliance with applicable DOE, federal, state, and local regulations; and performance in restoration and surveillance monitoring programs. BNL has prepared annual SERs since 1971 and has documented nearly all its environmental history since the Laboratory’s inception in 1947. Volume II of the SER, the Groundwater Status Report, is also prepared annually to report on the status of groundwater protection and restoration efforts. Volume II includes detailed technical summaries of groundwater data and treatment system operations and is intended for regulators and other technically oriented stakeholders. A summary of the information contained in Volume II is included in Chapter 7, Groundwater Protection, of this volume.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Surrogate modeling of the leaching process in a rare earth elements recovery plant

The data are summarized in the slides for a poster as presented at the 2024 AIChE annual meeting in San Diego, California, USA. The slides summarize our work on the PrOMMiS project over the past year. The slides describe the systematic design and optimization of a flowsheet for the recovery of critical minerals and rare earth elements. Then, it summarizes the results of our benchmarking of surrogate modeling methodologies for the optimization of these flowsheets.

Fardis, Dimitrios

2026 Large Load Literature Review and Data Sources [Slides]

The Large Load Literature Review and Data Sources reports are updated monthly, summarizing reports and data published in 2026 that focus on large loads. The 2025 literature review reviewed and categorized over 90 resources into 12 themes.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING

Direct Feed High-Level Waste APPS Model Glass Testing (DFHLW APPS) Matrix, Phase 2

This report summarizes the data collected during the batching and melting of a second matrix of Direct Feed High-Level Waste (DFHLW) glasses generated using the preliminary enhanced waste glass models (EWG2.5) and the Britton and Anderson (2024) preliminary DFHLW feed vector. The purpose of these glasses is two-fold: 1. Validate EWG2.5 glass calculations being used in the Aspen Process Performance Simulation (APPS) model. 2. Evaluate and ultimately improve the glass property models and formulation methods used for design of DFHLW glasses as part of an iterative process of data collection and model refinement. Some of the 16 APPS2 glasses tested did not satisfy all target property constraints due to the limited data on DFHLW glass supporting the EWG2.5 models. • One glass, APPS2-10, formed nepheline on canister centerline cooling (CCC) heat-treatment and failed the product consistency test (PCT) response limits. This glass also had high B and Cr release rates for the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP). All other glasses were found to satisfy the PCT and TCLP constraints for both quenched and CCC samples. • One glass, APPS2-08, had higher than acceptable viscosity due to magnetite crystallization. • One glass, APPS2-09, formed greater than 2 vol% crystals at 950 °C. As the glass design criterion was that the temperature at 2 vol% crystal (T 2% ) be less than 950 °C, only one glass failed the criteria. However, this criterion is being reevaluated. Four additional glasses formed crystal fractions between 1 and 2 vol% at 950 °C (APPS2-03, -08, -12, and -14). • Four glasses – APPS2-01, -02, -04, and -16 – failed the Monofrax K-3 refractory neck corrosion (k neck ) design limit of 0.04 in. at 1208 °C for 6 d. This is another criterion being reevaluated. Four additional glasses (APPS2-05, -06, -11, and -13) exhibited 0.025 = k neck = 0.04 in. • All 16 glasses passed the sulfur solubility and TCLP constraints. The measured property values were compared to predicted values using EWG2.5 and a selection of other existing models. A few models (e.g., electrical conductivity, TCLP) were found to be adequate for designing DFHLW glasses in the near future, while others require refits or offsets. It is recommended that new property models be developed for EWG3.0, as a large amount of DFHLW glass property data (> 14 × existing data) is expected to be collected in the compositional spaces where no data was previously available. To enable near-term calculations and formulations for designing DFHLW glasses and processing rate estimations, a formulation algorithm with minor modifications will be developed, EWG2.6.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W

Data from "Deep Potential Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Low-Temperature Plasma-Surface Interactions"

Data and input files related to the paper "Deep Potential Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Low-Temperature Plasma-Surface Interactions" (https://doi.org/10.1116/6.0004027). This includes the final DP model used in all simulations, training data set, example input files to run DeepMD (with LAMMPS), and data tables summarizing the results obtained from the simulations.

machine learning models

Experimental protocol for phase 1 of the APARC QUOCA (QUasibiennial oscillation and Ozone Chemistry interactions in the Atmosphere) working group

The quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) is the main mode of variability in the tropical stratosphere, influencing the predictability of other regions in the atmosphere through its teleconnections to the stratospheric polar vortices and coupling to surface tropical and extratropical variability. However, climate and forecasting models consistently underestimate QBO amplitudes in the lower stratosphere, likely contributing to their failure to simulate these teleconnections. One underexplored contributor to model biases is missing representation of ozone-radiative feedbacks, which enhance temperature variability in the lower stratosphere, particularly at periods at and greater than the QBO (>28 months). While previous studies suggest that ozone-radiative feedbacks can impact QBO periods, amplitudes and the associated secondary circulation in the lower stratosphere, the reported impacts differ widely among models and are hard to interpret due to differences in methodology. To this end, here we propose a coordinated experimental protocol – held joint between the Atmospheric Processes and their Role in Climate (APARC) Quasi-Biennial Oscillation Initiative (QBOi) and Chemistry Climate Modeling Initiative (CCMI) activities – which is aimed at assessing the coupling between stratospheric ozone, temperature and the circulation. We use the proposed experiments to define the ozone feedback on the QBO in both present-day and idealized (abrupt quadrupling of carbon dioxide) climates. While primary focus is on the QBO, the proposed protocol also enables analysis of other aspects of ozone-radiative-dynamical coupling in the atmosphere, including impacts on the Brewer-Dobson Circulation and tropospheric eddy-driven jet responses to future climate change. Here we document the scientific rationale and design of the QUOCA Phase 1 experiments, summarize the data request, and give a brief overview of participating models. Preliminary results using the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies E2-2 climate model are used to illustrate sensitivities to certain methodological choices.

Environmental sciences

Preliminary Look at the LBEG & MPEG Beam Transmissions between HPSim and Operation Data

This report summarizes recent work on estimating the transmission of LANSCE H- beams from the end of the present DTL to both the PSR stripper foil (LBEG) and WNR target 4 (MPEG). The LBEG beam might be considered a more typical LINAC beam and lends itself to continuous monitoring of transmission through the various stages of the accelerator. For the MPEG, however, the widely-spaced micropulses and lack of the requisite sensitivity current monitors throughout the accelerator make these measurements extremely difficult and more uncertain. Therefore, to assist in estimating the MPEG beam transmission, beam-dynamics simulations using HPSim were employed. These beam transmission estimates from the end of the Drift Tube Linac (DTL) to Target 4 (MPEG) and the PSR stripper foil (LBEG) are vital to determine the charge requirements for LAMP’s front end. In this technote, we demonstrate three major efforts in determining the transmission: (1) Convert the WNR beamline lattice from TRANSPORT to HPSim for use in the simulation; (2) Simulate the optimization process in the Central Control Room (CCR) that brings down the losses by up to a factor of 4000 between the end of the initial physics-based tuneup phase and production beam operation; (3) Analyze operational data to deduce measured transmissions. Table 1 shows the estimated losses with HPSim and operational analysis. Finally, a better measurement and other improvements to refine the results are also proposed.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS

Materials Characterization, Prediction and Control Project: Summary Report on Data Analytics Framework

This report summarizes the activities performed under the data analytics Vertex in the Materials Characterization, Prediction and Control Project funded under laboratory directed research and development at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. The data analytics Vertex developed models for associating global or local process parameters, microstructural features, and performance properties of friction-stir-processed 316L stainless steel plates. Statistical, machine learning, and deep learning models, as well as generative artificial intelligence approaches, were used to develop the associations between the process-structure-property data streams. These associations formed the basis for predicting global properties of parts manufactured under different process envelopes, providing a basis for predicting performance using data driven as well as physics-informed and physics-constrained approaches. Additionally, the associations were used to predict local process parameters and microstructural features of the product, predictive relationships that have the potential to form the basis of a control framework that could eventually modulate a friction-stir process to maintain product quality.

316L stainless steel

Survey of emerging nuclear data needs for nonproliferation applications with advanced reactors

Nuclear science plays a key role in non-proliferation activities supporting advanced reactor technologies. Nuclear data underpin predictions and interpretations of nuclear material behavior and signatures in reactor fuel production, use, transport, and storage. Advanced reactors provide new challenges compared to the current fleet of thermal fission reactors. This report consolidates reported nuclear data needs from representative workshops, conferences, and publications, identifying six themes for recommended future investments supporting non-proliferation and safeguards applications. While also identified as data needs, major fission product evaluations and (α,n) reactions were omitted as there are ongoing activities producing new data under NA22/Objective O. Each theme is summarized below with example data and association with the nonproliferation mission for advanced fuels and reactors.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS

Progress Report on SFR Metallic Fuel Data Qualification

This report summarizes the progress of SFR metallic fuel qualification related activities, which are focused on providing quality assurance relevant information applicable to experiments irradiated during the Integral Fast Reactor (IFR) program. An overview of the metallic fuel performance data and the associated databases, including the EBR-II Fuels Irradiation & Physics Database (FIPD), Out-of-Pile Transient Database (OPTD), and TREAT Experimental Relational Database (TREXR) is included. The legacy data in the databases, including as-built, post-irradiation examination (PIE), operating parameters, and out-of-pile experiment post-test data are introduced. The SFR metallic fuel Quality Assurance Program Plan (QAPP) and its implementation to qualify these legacy data is described in detail. Important PIE data QA documents and the specifications of seven types of PIE measurements (contact profilometry, laser profilometry, neutron radiography, gamma scan, fission gas release fission gas chemistry, and metallography) are provided. Examples of the implementation of the QAPP to qualify each of those types of PIE data are provided.

Mo, Kun [Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonn

Life Cycle Inventory Availability: Status and Prospects for Leveraging New Technologies

The demand for life cycle assessments (LCA) is growing rapidly, which leads to an increasing demand of life cycle inventory (LCI) data. While the LCA community has made significant progress in developing LCI databases for diverse applications, challenges still need to be addressed. This perspective summarizes the current data gaps, transparency, and uncertainty aspects of existing LCI databases. Additionally, we survey and discuss novel techniques for LCI data generation, dissemination, and validation. We propose key future directions for LCI development efforts to address these challenges, including leveraging scientific and technical advances such as the Internet of Things (IoT), machine learning, and blockchain/cloud platforms. Adopting these advanced technologies can significantly improve the quality and accessibility of LCI data, thereby facilitating more accurate and reliable LCA studies.

blockchain platforms

Quality Assurance of the Irradiated EBR-II Metallic Fuels Data

The U.S. DOE-NE’s Advanced Reactor Technologies (ART) Fast Reactor Program (FRP) and the NE-4 Advanced Fuels Campaign (AFC) have jointly undertaken efforts to qualify post-irradiation examination (PIE) data for Experimental Breeder Reactor II (EBR-II) and Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF) metallic fuels. Among the thousands of PIE datasets in the Metallic Fuels Irradiation & Physics Database (FIPD), data from selected EBR-II experiments have been prioritized as the most valuable to the U.S. nuclear industry for licensing activities related to metallic fuel-based advanced fast reactors. This report summarizes the general data qualification progress of the EBR-II and FFTF experiments, with focus on the selected EBR-II experiments.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS

NDMAS Data Management Capabilities for Metallic Fuels

This poster summarizes the capabilities of the Nuclear Data Management and Analysis System and its applicability to the Metallic Fuels program in the Advanced Fuel Campaign.

22 - GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS