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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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High power superconducting electron linear accelerators for industrial applications: Technology development and experimental results at Fermilab
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Experimental Results of 2-m Heptane, Bakken Crude Oil, and Dilbit Crude Oil Pool Fire Tests Performed for the National Research Council of Canada
This report provides results from a series of 2-m pool fire experiments performed in the Thermal Test Complex at Sandia National Laboratories testing heptane, Bakken crude oil, and dilbit crude oil. The effect of the presence and placement of a calorimeter, fuel supply temperature, and maintaining a constant fuel level were assessed. Measurements include burn rate, surface emissive power, flame height, heat flux to an engulfed calorimeter, heat flux to external instruments, thermocouple temperatures within the fuel and fire plume, and heat release rate. The results indicate that the presence and placement of the calorimeter has the most effect on the measured quantities for the Bakken crude oil and indicated no effect for the Dilbit crude oil. The fuel feed temperature had a slight effect for the heptane fuel, but not for the crude oils. Allowing the fuel to burn down did not have a significant effect on any of the fuels. The Bakken crude oil resulted in the highest average total heat flux to the calorimeter by a factor of about 1.5 and 1.3 higher compared to heptane and the dilbit crude oil, respectively.
September 2023 - Mini Blast Tube Experimental Results [Slides]
Ryan Rettinger (M-6): provided the python script for extracting the pressure data. Joseph Kerwin (E-14): provided the countless pictures taken during the flow shots. Chris Long (W-13): provided the simulation data shown in the upcoming slides.
Utah FORGE CoreFlooding Experimental Results
This submission contains associated data from 100C and 200C core-flooding experiments conducted by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The samples used were sourced from 16A(78)-32 well core. The primary objectives of these tests were to determine the change in calculated hydraulic fracture and permeability over time, under constant confining pressure, in predominantly constant flowrate conditions, while monitoring effluent chemistry as a function of time.
Heavy ion: Overview of recent experimental results
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Reachability Analysis for FollowerStopper: Safety Analysis and Experimental Results
Motivated by earlier work and the developer of a new algorithm, the FollowerStopper, this article uses reachability analysis to verify the safety of the FollowerStopper algorithm, which is a controller designed for dampening stop-and-go traffic waves. With more than 1100 miles of driving data collected by our physical platform, we validate our analysis results by comparing it to human driving behaviors. The FollowerStopper controller has been demonstrated to dampen stop-and-go traffic waves at low speed, but previous analysis on its relative safety has been limited to upper and lower bounds of acceleration. To expand upon previous analysis, reachability analysis is used to investigate the safety at the speeds it was originally tested and also at higher speeds. Two formulations of safety analysis with different criteria are shown: distance-based and time headway-based. The FollowerStopper is considered safe with distance-based criterion. However, simulation results demonstrate that the FollowerStopper is not representative of human drivers - it follows too closely behind vehicles, specifically at a distance human would deem as unsafe. On the other hand, under the time headway-based safety analysis, the FollowerStopper is not considered safe anymore. A modified FollowerStopper is proposed to satisfy time-based safety criterion. Simulation results of the proposed FollowerStopper shows that its response represents human driver behavior better.
Autoignition of Premixed Liquefied Petroleum Gas in a Rapid Compression Machine: Experimental Results and Chemical Kinetic Mechanism Reduction
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) has many properties that make it an attractive alternative fuel such as lower cost than conventional fuels and an established distribution infrastructure. The development of high efficiency, spark ignited LPG engines is currently limited by engine knock and misfire. The knock and misfire limits are further complicated by the wide range of chemical reactivity in LPG, particularly in international markets. In this study, a rapid compression machine (RCM) was used to characterize the effects of variation in LPG fuel reactivity, equivalence ratio, and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on autoignition of LPG/oxidizer/inert/EGR blends. Experiments were conducted with 100% propane (C3H8) and blends of propane with propene, ethane, isobutane, and n-butane. EGR was simulated with mixtures of Ar, CO2, CO, and NO at substitution percentages from 0 to 30 mass percent. Equivalence ratio was varied from 0.75 to 1.5. Ignition delay period under homogeneous autoignition conditions was measured at compressed pressures and temperatures of 23 to 25 bar and 701 to 921 K, respectively. Zero-dimensional simulations of the RCM experiments were performed using Chemkin with several detailed chemical kinetic mechanisms to determine their suitability at predicting ignition delay periods. Multiple reduced chemical kinetic mechanisms were created from the NUIGMech1.1 mechanism to determine the optimal balance between accuracy and computational efficiency for future three-dimensional, time-dependent spark-ignited engine computations.
Semi-open absorption water heater: experimental results
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Experimental Results Of Density Controlled Phase Change Material Capsules For Increased First Hour Rating For Heat Pump Water Heaters
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Initial Design and Experimental Results of a Novel Near-Isothermal Compressor for Heat Pump Applications
In efforts to increase the efficiency of residential and commercial air conditioners and heat pumps, it is found that the compressor has the highest electrical energy usage of the system. Therefore, it is appropriate to try to increase the efficiency of this component to reduce its energy usage. Another challenge with heat pump design is that some compressor types have drawbacks that make modulation difficult. To answer these challenges, we are developing an isothermal liquid compressor. The compressor uses propylene glycol to compress carbon dioxide. In the compression chamber the propylene glycol can enter either from the bottom to create a liquid piston for compression or it can enter through a spray nozzle at the top of the chamber. In the latter case, heat transfer from the gas to be compressed to the liquid droplets is high. This allows near isothermal operation of the compressor, which increases the efficiency by 17% to 30%, compared to adiabatic compression. In addition, the isothermal liquid compressor enables very efficient and simple part load modulation.Experimental results demonstrating the operation of the liquid compressor are presented. Initial data demonstrated a temperature rise of 7 K at pressure ratios of almost 4. For comparison at the same initial pressure, temperature, and pressure ratio, adiabatic compression would result in a temperature increase of approximately 70 K. Plotting data on a P-h diagram demonstrates that the compression started at superheated state and ended in supercritical state. Testing was later performed with repeated compressions in the superheated region of the P-h diagram at liquid flow rates of 2 x 10-3 m3/min and 2 x 10-3 m3/min to understand the limitations of the prototype for use with an actual heat pump system. This work demonstrated a novel cycle on a T-s diagram. Results from this work will be used to develop a second-generation prototype where more rapid cycling is possible.
Investigation of air ionized plasma for high energy beam propagation in air using plasma codes to validate experimental results
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Cold Electron Measurements in the Magnetosphere: modeling and experimental results
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Comparison of Computational and Experimental Results for Criticality Accident Alarm Placement
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Comparison of Computational and Experimental Results for Criticality Accident Alarm Placement
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Learning to simulate high energy particle collisions from unlabeled data
In many scientific fields which rely on statistical inference, simulations are often used to map from theoretical models to experimental data, allowing scientists to test model predictions against experimental results. Experimental data is often reconstructed from indirect measurements causing the aggregate transformation from theoretical models to experimental data to be poorly-described analytically. Instead, numerical simulations are used at great computational cost. We introduce Optimal-Transport-based Unfolding and Simulation (OTUS), a fast simulator based on unsupervised machine-learning that is capable of predicting experimental data from theoretical models. Without the aid of current simulation information, OTUS trains a probabilistic autoencoder to transform directly between theoretical models and experimental data. Identifying the probabilistic autoencoder’s latent space with the space of theoretical models causes the decoder network to become a fast, predictive simulator with the potential to replace current, computationally-costly simulators. Here, we provide proof-of-principle results on two particle physics examples, Z-boson and top-quark decays, but stress that OTUS can be widely applied to other fields.